Zviratidzo, Kurapa & Kuziva
Ngatitorei izvi panzira: Iyo bhudzi tsvuku haichive segandanyama yakarohwa. Maitiro acho, iyo chirwere cheganda. Iyo yakawanda inowanikwa mabhakitiriya zvirwere ndeye staphylococcus aureus kana streptococcus . Zvose zviri zviviri zvinogadzira matumbo matsvuku anopisa, anoputika, uye anopararira.
Kana iri chirangara uye iwe wakachiwana muUnited States, hazvigoneki kuti iwe uchafa kubva pauri.
Pakati pevanga vashambadziri muNorth America, maviri chete ndiwo anonyanya kukosha (anogona kukwanisa kukurwarisa): chirikadzi yakasviba uye kubhururuka kutsvuku .
Zvakawanda zvezvivara zveganda nemaronda zvinowanikwa mune dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira sezvinonzi hove dzenguva, asi chokwadi ndechokuti vazhinji havakwanisi. Ganda rinoputika kubva kune hutachiona kazhinji rinokanganisa tsandanyama yakarova muUnited States, kunyange navanachiremba.
Chimwe chiitiko chekudzika kwekurumwa mumisasa yevasungwa-zvishoma nezvakataurwa nemasimba ekudaidzwa-yakava MRSA . Zvose zvikonzero zvekusava nechokwadi chekuona chirwere chegandanisi mune dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira. Kana iwe usina kuona tsandanyama kukurova iwe, saka mukana wekuti chirwere chegandanyama chaiyo chakanaka. Zvinenge zvisingabviri kuziva kuti gurusi rinoruma zvarinoratidzika sei .
Zviratidzo zveChikara Chirikadzi Spider Bites
MuUnited States, zvipfeko zvechirikadzi vatsvuku zvinonzi ndezvakaipa kwazvo. Vane chepfu inokwanisa kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvinokanganisa musuru uye mushushi.
Chirwere chepachiviri chirapa zviratidzo zvinogona kushandiswa kuongororwa izvi zvinoruma uye zvinosanganisira:
- "Fang" zviratidzo (zviduku zviduku zviviri): zviratidzo zvinoreva kuti zvinongoonekwa chete mushure mekurumwa kwaro, zvisati zvaitika kana kubvongodzwa kana kubwinya kuchiitika
- Sweating
- Chills
- Headache
- Chizutu
- Muscular cramps (makumbo, dumbu, nezvimwewo)
- Rapid pulse
- Kuneta
Dzimwe nyika dzine chirongo chechirikadzi chinonzi spider redback. Iko pfungwa yakanaka yekucherechedza chero tsvina yakachena yakachena ine ruvara rutsvuku kuti rwuve mumhuri yechirikadzi. Chimwe chikwata chechirikadzi chirikadzi, chirikadzi yakasviba, kazhinji inenge isina simba yakanyanya uye inogona kuwanikwa munyika yose.
Zviratidzo zveBrown Zvishoma Nezvipembenene Zvokudya
Pasinei nemavanga anotyisa anowanzobatanidzwa nekudzoka kwepepuru, hazvina kunyanya kukuvadza kudarika chirikadzi dzerima. Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehumbwa zvinogona kukonzera mishonga, iyo inowanzosarudzwa semasikironi echephenekera ekudzivirira (tarisa mifananidzo yegurusi inokurudzira kuti uudze mutsauko).
Zviri nyore kuona kana kuruma kusati kwava kunonoka kupfuura nguva. Chimwe chigadziro chekutonga kunze kwekunonoka kunonoka kumira ndekushandiswa nemoemonic HERE RECLUSE. Izvi zvinyorwa zvinobatsira kuratidza zvinhu izvo zvisiripo zvakasvibirira zvishoma.
- Vakawanda : Kana pane zvimwe zvipembenene kupfuura imwechete kana maviri, hazvisi zvekugaruka kwemavara. Brown akadzoka akacheka anouya mavari uye dzimwe nguva maviri.
- Chiitiko : Nzira iyo maruva anonyanya kuruma anowanzoitika kuburikidza nekuvhiringidza tsandanyama. Nguva yakawanda iyo yakavanzwa kunze kwekamuri kana kechikwata, zvichida mumabhokisi. Dzimwe nguva, chirangara chinogona kuwana nzira yaro mumubhedha uye kuruma murwere muhope dzake. Kana izvi zvikaitika panguva yekurima, zvichida hazvirevi kubhururuka kunonoka.
- Nguva : Kana chiruma chisina kuonekwa kubva munaEpril kusvika munaOctober, hazvisati zvisingambofungidziri kuti iruvara rutsvuku runoruma.
- Red centre : Brown kukurumidza kurira kunenge kusati kwambosvibira uye inoputika mukati mejecha. Kazhinji, ivo vakachena, bhuruu, kana ruvara rwepepuru. Inogona kuve yakatsvuka kumativi ose, asi kana yakatsvuka mukati, zvichida haisi kubhururuka kune tsvuku.
- Chisingagumi : Kana zvichitora nguva inopfuura masvondo matatu kuti chirwere chiduku kana mwedzi mitatu chirume chikuru, 95 mukana wekuti haisi tsvina yakaoma. Kana chiremba wako achiri kukuudza iwe icho chinetso, inguva yeimwe pfungwa.
- Makukutu : Zvipembenene zvakakura zvekudzoka (mhuka dziri kufa) zvakanyorwa kuti zviduku kudarika masendimita gumi kubva kune (masendimita mana). Inogona kuva yakatsvuka uye inoputika zvakanaka kupfuura iyo nzvimbo, asi necrosis haizove yakakura.
- Kuvhiringidza kare kare : Kune vanhu vasiri vezvechiremba, uyu angave akaoma kuyeuka. Brown akadzoka kunonoka kutora vhiki yega yega kuchironda (bvisa ganda uye kuputika pamusoro). Kana yakasvibiswa mazuva manomwe asati apera, zvichida haisi kubhururuka kunonoka.
- Kuvhuvhuta : Brown kunonoka kunonoka kwakadzika kana kuputika mukati, kwete kuvhuvhuta. Kana yakatsveta (kunyanya kana yakatsvuka), haisi kuregerera kubhururuka. Izvo zvisiri pamutemo uyu zvinoruma pameso, kunyanya maziso. Izvo zvinowedzera zvakanyanya.
- Kunonyorova mhepo : Brown inononoka kunonoka yakaoma, kwete inonaya. Kana iine chirwere chinoputika, ihosha iyo pane chirwere chegandara.
Brown inowanzopora spiders inongowanikwa kuSouth-East United States uye yakaoma kwazvo kuziva , kunyange nevanodzidza arachnologists. Kune dzimwe mhando dzakawanda dzekumusoro-soro dzenguva iyo dzakangofanana asi dzisingadzidzidzi kudarika kudonha kuchena. Brown dzinodzokorora tsvina dzinowanzotsanangurwa seine chikwangwani chakafanana nekodinhe shure kwemashure mavo, asi chiratidzo ichocho chinogona kunge chisingaenderani uye chinopera simba.
The Other Spiders
Iko kune zvinopfuura 37,500 marudzi echagadha munyika. Inenge dzose spiders yakaipa. Ndizvo zvavanovhima. Zvipembenene zvizhinji zviduku zvikuru, kana uturu hwavo husina simba, hune ngozi kuna vanhu. Mimwe tsandanyama dzakanaka kwazvo uye dzinoratidzika kuti dzinopomerwa kazhinji kechirungu chekugurisa kunze uko, kunyange pasina humwe uchapupu hunotsigira kuti zvipembenene izvi zviri kubva kune tsanga.
Heano dzimwe nyanzvi dzemuNorth America dzinotora rap yakaipa pasina uchapupu hwakawanda hwekutsigira mazita avo:
- Hobo Spiders (Tegenaria agrestis ) : Ava varume vakaiswa muNorth West United States kubva kuEurope muma1980. Kubva panguva iyoyo, vakambomira mhosva yezviitiko zve necrotic arachnidism, chirwere chezvoutano nokuda kwechifu chinouraya nemagununu ekuvenomation. Chidzidzo chakabudiswa mu Journal of Medical Entomology muna 2011 chakanga chisina kukosha kwechiremba kubva hobo spider envenomation.
- Wolf Spiders (Lycosidae) : Pakutanga kubva kuAustralia, mbira dzenguva dzinowanzofungidzirwa kuti dzine ngozi. Pane zvinopesana, mharidzo dzenyaya dzekufungidzirwa kuti wold spider dzinoruma muUnited States dzisina kureva chinhu chinokosha. Chidzidzo che 45 mbongoro yakananga tsandanyama muAustralia yakaratidza kuti "inokonzera madambudziko maduku, haasisina simba kupfuura mamwe akawanda ezvigunwe." Wolf spiders haina kukonzera necrosis kufanana nekuderera kwebhururu uye zvizhinji zvekukuvadza kwaiva ma mechanical, kwete kubva muhutu.
Mamwe mapoka epasi ane marudzi akawanda ane ngozi kupfuura United States. Australiya ine tsanga tsvuku tsvuku (yakafanana nechirikadzi yakasviba), tsvina dzera mutsvuku, uye tsvina dzinouraya-web spiders.
Kusarudza kana chirwere chinobva kune tsangari chisingakwanisi. Zvidzidzo zvemavara zvakaderera zvinoratidzika kuti varwere vanotsvaka kurapwa kwemazuva matatu mushure mokunge vakarova, vachiita kuti zvive zvisingakwanisi kuziva chakaipa. Chirikadzi chirikadzi inowanzozivikanwa chete nezviratidzo zvehutano hwayo, pasina kuonekwa kwemahara.
Kugadzirisa kwemukati kunoridzirwa kubva kumarudzi ose ehupukisi hunopisa hunotarisa zvakafanana: kubwinya, kuzvimba, kubvambura, uye kurwadziwa. Iva nehanya kana imwe nzvimbo inogara ichiitika ichiramba ichingowedzera kwemaawa anopfuura makumi maviri. Tarisa hutsvuku hunopararira kure nekuruma, kunyura kubva pakuruma, kuwedzera mukurwadziwa, kushaya simba / kutinhira, kana kuputika kwakapoteredza kuruma kunoratidzika se halo kana kuti bullseye.
Iwe unofanirwawo kudana chiremba kana iwe usati wambosvika pakatarisana nekudzivirira kwako kwetetanus .
Nzira Yokurapa Nechirwere cheSpider Bite
Iwe unogona kubata chirwere chose chinoruma zvakafanana kunze kwekunge kuve kuchena kwemavara kana kuti chirikadzi yakasvetuka. Dana chiremba kana kuenda kune dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira kana zviratidzo zvinopfuurira maawa anopfuura makumi maviri kana kuti zvichiwedzera, kana kana iwe uchifunga kuti kuve kuchena kwechirikadzi kana chirikadzi yakasviba. Dzimwe nyaya dziri paIndaneti dzinokuudza kuti uite zvinokambaira zvinokonzerwa nehupenzi zvakasiyana nedzimwe dzisina kuipa, asi sezvamuchaona, hapana chinhu chakadai sechirwere chisina kuipa chinoruma.
Kana iwe ukaenda kwachiremba kuti uite chimwe chinhu, usatanga kunze nekumuudza iye kuti chirwere chegandanyama-kunyange iwe uchifunga kuti ndizvo zvazviri. Vanachiremba vanhu, zvakare, uye vanogona kutora simba rekupa pfungwa sezvakangoita isu tose. Pane kudaro, udza chiremba, "Ndine chikwama ichi (bump, kubika, nzvimbo tsvuku, nzvimbo yakasviba, nezvimwewo) uye ndanga ndichibvunza kana iwe ungandiudza kuti chii uye chii chandingaita."
Kune mishonga yakawanda yemunharaunda yekurapa tsuchi uye tsandanyama dzomukati, asi dzinobatsira here? Zvizhinji zvezvi hazvina kuratidzirwa kuti zvipe chero rubatsiro rwechokwadi. Chikafu chekudya (papain) chakatove chakabatanidzwa mumagetsi uye kuitika kwechifu kune mapuroteni. Seroti dzinogadzirwa dzinotengeswa kuti dzibudise chepfu hadzisi kushanda uye inoparadza zvakakwana mari.
Allergic Reactions to Spider Bites
Anaphylaxis nguva dzose inonyanya kunetseka nemhando ipi zvayo yegur bite. Kana akabatwa akaratidza chero zviratidzo zvehutano husati hwaitika kana anaphylaxis nguva pfupi mushure mekugadzirisa chirwere, danai 911 . Dzimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira:
Tsvaga kurapwa kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa mumativi omutumbi kubva pakuruma.
> Sources:
> Gaver-Wainwright MM, Zack RS, Foradori MJ, Lavine LC. Misdiagnosis yegandanyama yakarova: shamwari dzebhakitiriya, magetsi pathogen kutengesa, uye simba re hemolytic yehutachiona kubva pabheji ye hobo, Tegenaria agrestis (Araneae: Agelenidae). J Med Entomol . 2011 Mar; 48 (2): 382-8.
> Kuramba GK, Framenau VW. Mbira dzeAustralia wembatya (Lycosidae): kliniki migumisiro uye simba rezvipenyu pakuruma kwemamiriro ezvinhu. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol . 2004; 42 (2): 153-61.
> Livshits, Z., Bernstein, B., Sorkin, L., Smith, S., & Hoffman, R. (2012). Wolf Spider Envenomation. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine , 23 (1), 49-50. doi: 10.1016 / j.wem.2011.11.010
> Pagac BB, Reiland R, Bolesh DT, Swanson DL. Dambudziko reganda mudzimba dzevarwi: funga nezvemagetsi anogamuchirwa maitiro e-Staphylococcus aureus pane nzvimbo yeganduki. Mil Med . 2006 Sep; 171 (9): 830-2.
> Payne, K., Schilli, K., Meier, K., Rader, R., Dyer, J., & Mold, J. et al. (2014). Kunyanya Kuora Kubva KuBrown Kunonoka Spider Bites. JAMA Dermatology , 150 (11), 1205. ini: 10.1001 / jamadermatol.2014.605
> Robinson, J., Kennedy, V., Doss, Y., Bastarache, L., Denny, J., & Warner, J. (2017). Kutsanangura chinetso che phenotype chakasimba chest systemic loxoscelism uchishandisa guru rerekodhi rekodhi rekodhi. PLOS ONE , 12 (4), e0174941. doi: 10.1371 / magazini.pone.0174941
> Stoecker, W., Vetter, R., & Dyer, J. (2017). HERE RECLUSE-A Mnemonic Dhidhiyo Kudzivisa Kuona Kwenhema KweBrown Recluse Spider Bites. JAMA Dermatology . doi: 10.1001 / jamadermatol.2016.5665