Zvinhu Zvose Zvaunoda Kuziva Nezvokudya Nenyuchi Nehutano
Iwe ungaziva sei kana iwe uri weergergic kune nenyuchi uye iwe ndeapi maitiro ezvingaitika? Chii chaunoda kuziva nezvekurapa kwekumhanya, uye izvi zvingave rini dambudziko? Ndezvipi zvingaita kuti mishonga yemazuva ose iite "kubatsira" kurapa kune vamwe vanhu? Ngatitaurire pamusoro pezvinhu zvose zvaunoda kuzive nezve nenyuchi dzinokonzera kurwisa.
Overview
Allergic reactions kune ndege dzinobhururuka dzinobhururuka (honeybees, hornets, mazuru, jekete, uye masvosve emoto) hazvina kufanana.
Vanhu vakawanda vanovhiringidzwa nezvipembenene izvi zvichaita kuti zviitike pane nzvimbo yekurohwa iyo inokonzera marwadzo, kuvhuvhuta, kubwinya, uye kuchenesa. Chikamu chiduku chevanhu-anenge 10 kusvika ku15 kubva muzana-uyewo chichava nenzvimbo huru dzekudzimba, uye kuzvimba kunogona kupedza kusvika kwevhiki. Zvishoma nezvishoma, vanhu vanogona kuve nekuzara kwakanyanya kunokonzera kugadzikana kunonzi vanaphylaxis . Vanenge 1 mu200 vana uye kusvika kusvika ku3 muzana yevanhu vakuru vachawana vanaphylaxis mushure mekurumwa kwezvipembenene.
Mukuwedzera, vanhu vanenge makumi mana muUnited States vanofa gore negore kubva kune utachiona hwehutachiona, kunyange zvazvo zvichida pane zvimwe zvinouraya kubva kune zvipembenene zvinokonzerwa nezvimwe zvinokonzera, uye naizvozvo nhamba iyi inogona kunge yakaderera. Zvizhinji zvekufa izvi zvinowanikwa pakati pevanhu vasingazivikanwe nhoroondo yehutachiona hwemhepo.
Risk Factors
Izvo zvataingoona-kuti kufa kwevakawanda kubva kune nenyuchi kunokonzera kuora kwemawere kunowanikwa kune avo vaisaziva nezvemaitiro avo-zvinogona kuva zvinotyisa.
Ramba uchiyeuka kuti kunyange zvazvo ichi chiri chakaipa, iri nhamba shomanana nedzimwe njodzi dzakawanda mukati medu. Mumwe weEergorgia anoyeuchidza varwere vake kuti ivo vanowanzofa mumotokari pavanenge vachienda kuPaki kunze kwekunyuchira nyuchi pavanenge vachitamba paki. Kunyange zvazvo chirwere chakakanganisika chinokonzerwa nenyuchi chinogona kuitika kune ani zvake, avo vane nhoroondo yezvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzera zvirwere, zvakadai severgenic rhinitis ( hayfever ) uye asthma vari pangozi yakakura.
Usati wapinda zvakadzika pane nyuchi dzinokonzera kusangana, zvinokosha kuongorora zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvevanaphylaxis. Kana iwe wakanga uchinge wakagadzika uye uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, rega kuverenga uye kutsvaga kurapwa kwenguva pfupi.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Kana mumwe munhu ane muviri wose (systemic, kana anaphylactic) inokonzera kugadzirisa kune zvipembenene zvinokonzerwa nezvipembenene, inogona kuwana chero ipi zvayo kana kuti yese yezviratidzo zvinotevera, kazhinji mune imwe nyaya kwemaawa mashomanana:
- Itching all over
- Hives kana kupfugama kunopararira kubva panzvimbo yebonde
- Flushing
- Mhino inomhanya, kunyorera kana kunyura
- Icheki / maziso anoona
- Kutamba kwemiromo, rurimi kana huro
- Kupfupika kwemhepo, kuputika kana kukwezva
- Dumbu rinopwanya, kusuruvara, kurutsa kana chirwere
- Lightheadedness, kukurumidza mwoyo, kutsika kweropa kana kubuda kunze
- Inonzwika yekutya kana pfungwa yekuparadzwa kunouya
- A rinamato inoratidzika mumuromo
Zvipembenene Zvinokonzera Chirwere Chirwere
Kune zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokambaira zvinogona kukonzera utano hwemhuka. Kunyange zvazvo zvingave zvichibatsira gare gare, kujekesa zvipembenene zvakajeka izvo zvakakonzera kuongororwa zvisinganyanyi kukosha pane kutsvaga kurapwa kwakakurumidza. Paunofunga nezvemaitiro ose epfupa idzi ruzivo runogona kubatsira, semishonga yakasiyana-siyana inoshandiswa kwezvipembenene zvakasiyana.
Izvozvo zvakati, kuongororwa kwemazuva ose kunoshandiswa pamwe chete nenhau kuti ibatsire kuziva chaicho chaicho. Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvezvipembenene:
Mhete dzejasi ndeyezvipembenene zvakasvibiswa sezvipembenene zvinogara mumarundi akavakwa muvhu, Anowanzova zvipembenene zvine utsinye, uye zvinowanzovhiringidzika pamapikiniki uye kumativi ose emotokari uko zvokudya uye zvinotapira zvinowedzera. Inotarisa muromo kana mukati memuromo kana muhuro kunogona kuitika apo kunwa kunotorwa kubva mukana yakasununguka ye soda iyo jekete jena yakanga yakwira mukati. Dzimwe nguva, kutinha kubva jekete jena kunogona kuguma nehutachiona hweganda nokuti zvipembenene izvi zvinogona kutakura mabhakitiriya.
Hornets , kusanganisira machena uye machena-akatarisana ne hornets, kuvaka paper-mâché rudzi rwezvitsuwa mumiti uye shrubs. Izvi zvipembenene zvinogona kunge zvine utsinye, uye zvinokonzera vanhu nekuda kwekuvhiringidza zvinyoro, zvakadai semumwe munhu ari pedyo achichera uswa kana kugadzira muti.
Mashizha akavaka huni hweuchi huri pasi peeves of a house, kana mumuti, shrub kana pasi pedo furniture. Vanowanzosava nechisimba kudarika jekete dzejena uye hornets, uye kunyanya kudya zvipembenene uye maruva nectari.
Huchi dzinowanzova dendere mumigero yemiti, matanda kana mukati mezvivako. Kubva pamumvuri wavo, vanababa vanoita sevasingaregi asi vanogona kuva nehasha kana mikoko yavo iri kutyisidzirwa kana kuvhunduswa. Inotama kubva pauchi hunojairika kana munhu achifamba asina shangu pane mbambo yakazara yevhaver. Ndiyo mhando yezvipembenene zvinokonzera kubuda muchero weganda, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nyuchi dzinokonzera dzimwe nguva dzinoitawo saizvozvo. Nepo pave pane zvakawanda zvakanyorwa pamusoro pokubvisa mapepa, nzira yakanakisisa ndiyo ipi inokurumidza kupfuura. Iyo yakanyanya kuve iri mucheche (kusvika kumaminitsi makumi maviri kana zvakadaro) iyo yakawanda inenge inogona kuiswa.
Vanhu vemuAfrica (muurayi) mazinga ehurumende ane utsinye zvikuru kupfuura huni hwekumba, hwakasikwa kuburikidza nekuberekorora mazinga eAfrica nevekuchiva muSouth America kuitira chinangwa chekuwedzera uchi. Uturu hwavo hunenge hwakafanana nehuchi hwechikafu-kureva kuti munhu anonyorera kune imwe yenyuchi chaiyo ichavawo yega inogadziriswa kumaAfrica. Vanowanzotama mumapoka makuru, dzimwe nguva nemazana.
Zvigumbuso hazviwanzovhiringidza vanhu nokuti hazvisi zvechisimba uye kazhinji zvinyoro-nyoro. Vachange vachirova kana vakagumburwa kana kana dendere ravo richivhiringidzika, asi rakakurumidza uye rinonoka, munhu anowanzova nenguva yakawanda uye kunyeverwa kutiza. Dzinogara pasi kana mumisasa yeuswa hunyoro kana huni uye inofudza zvipembenene uye maruva nectari.
Dzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pekuti ungaziva sei chipukanana chichikudzivirira .
Kudzivirira
Taura zvakajeka, nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira zvinokonzera kugadzirisa ndeyekudzivisa kumira. Heano mazano mashomanana:
- Hira munhu akadzidziswa kuparadza kuti aite zvese zvinonyatsozivikanwa munzvimbo yakatarisa; periodic surveillance kuitira kuti kuwedzerwa kupererwa kunofanira kuitwa.
- Dzivisa kutarisa kana kunhuwa semaruva. Usapfeke zvipfeko zvakatsvuka kana mavara emucheka, kana zvinonhuwira kana zvimwe zvinonhuwira izvo zvinokwezva zvipembenene.
- Nguva dzose pfeka shangu paunenge uchifamba kunze, zvikurukuru pauswa.
- Kupfeka shangu, shati refu-sleeve, magirafu, shangu dzakaswedera pedyo, uye masokisi paunenge uchishanda kunze.
- Shenjerera paunenge uchishanda chakakomberedzwa nemasango, shrubs, miti nemarara.
- Nguva dzose chengeta zvokudya nekumwa (kunyanya mapeji akazaruka e soda kana zvinwiwa nemashizha) vasati vadya, kunyanya pamadziva uye mapikiniki, uko jekete dzemajaya dzinozivikanwa kuti dziripo.
- Chengetedza mishonga, yakagamuchirwa kuti ishandiswe pakutsvaira zvipembenene, inowanika inofanira kurapwa chikafu inofanira kudiwa.
Kuedzwa
Kuedzwa kunoitwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwepachiedza kuongorora kana nekuita RAST . Kuongorora kweganda kuchiri nzira yakasarudzwa uye nzira yacho yakafanana nekuongororwa kwemapenene kana mapfupa emhuka. Zvisinei, zvinogona kuve zvakakodzera kushandiswa kuwedzera kuwedzera kwezvikamu zviduku kuitira kuti kuongororwa. Allergist vanowanzoedza zvose zvipembenene zvinokonzera (nenyuchi, mazuru, etc.) kubva zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti vanhu kazhinji havagoni kuziva kuti rudzi rwemagunwe rwakadzika.
Munhu anongororwa nemusana mumwe chete angaratidza maitiro akanaka ekuedza mitezo kune zvinopfuura rimwe rudzi rwezvipembenene. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu, kurapwa uchishandiswa nenyuchi kubva kumarudzi ose ezvinyorwa kunowanzopiwa.
Ndiani Anofanira Kuedzwa?
Haisi nguva dzose yakajeka-akacheka mhosva iyo inofanira kuongororwa nenyuchi, asi kazhinji:
Kuedzwa hazvidikanwi Kana munhu asina kumbobhurwa nembeu, kana kuti asina kumbova nemararamiro (kunze kwekunzwa marwadzo panzvimbo yesimba rekurova) sechikonzero chekurova, hapana chikonzero chekuita chero upi zvake hwehutachiona hwekuongorora.
Kana, kana mwana ari pasi pemakore gumi nematanhatu ane zviratidzo zveganda bedzi (zvakadai semingano uye kuzvimba) mushure mekurwadza. Izvi ndezvokuti anaphylaxis inongowanikwa chete kusvika kusvika 10 kubva muzana yemashure.
Kana, kana mwana kana kuti munhu mukuru ane maitiro makuru emunharaunda, apo kuvhara kunowanzoitika panzvimbo yehutambo chete, hachisi kazhinji chikonzero chekuita chirwere chemazino kana kuti kupa chirwere chinonzi allergy shots. Izvi ndezvokuti mukana wekuvandudza anaphylaxis nemangwana emangwana inenge 5 kusvika ku10 muzana yevana nevakuru. (Zvidzidzo zvishomanana zvinoratidza kuti izvi zvinogona kuderedzwa nekushandiswa kwehutachiona immunotherapy, uye izvi zvinogona kudiwa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kumira kunowanzoitika uye kuputika kunovhiringidza hupenyu hwomunhu kana kukwanisa kushanda.)
Kuedzwa kunodiwa: Kana munhu wezera chero ripi zvaro ane zviratidzo zvevanaphylaxis (ona peji 1) mushure mekunge uchinge wakanyarara. Ndiyo nokuti munhu ane makore 60 kusvika kuzana makumi manomwe kubva muzana mukana wekuti zvirwere zvinotevera zvinokonzera kufanana kwakadaro. Mukana wekupindurwa kune rimwe remangwana rinouya richaderera mberi kwemazuva asi rinoramba riri pamakore anenge makumi maviri makore akawanda mushure mekupedzisira.
Uyezve, kana pane vabereki vane hanya kana mwana anenge ari pangozi yakakura yekutengesa kazhinji, kuongorora mazino uye kurapa inzira inonzwisisika. Vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu nemanomwe vane zvinetso zvakadai vanofanira kuva nehutachiona kuongororwa uye kurapwa, vachipiwa njodzi yakakura yevanaphylaxis nehupenyu hunotevera.
Nyaya yekuti : Kana munhu akawanikwa ane chirwere chakanaka chetachiona chetachiona, asi asina zviratidzo nezvisungo, mukana wekuvandudza anaphylaxis nemangwana emangwana inenge 17 muzana.
Kurapa
Mushonga wehutachiona hwehutano hunosanganisira kutungamirirwa kwemaitiro akaoma, uyewo nekudzivirira kwezvinoitika mune ramangwana.
Kushanda nekukurumidza kwemaitiro akaoma. Epinephrine ndiyo kurapa kusarudzwa kwevanaphylaxis. Vanhu vane utachiona hwehutachiona vanokurudzirwa kutakura fomu inopinda injectable ye epinephrine, yakadai seEpi-Pen kana Twin-Ject. Kana iyi mishonga ichidiwa, chirwere chekurumidza chinodawo, uye munhu wacho anofanira kudana 911 kana kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo yekukurumidzira.
Kana kuchinge kana mikoko inenge iri chiratidzo chete, muromo we antihistamine unogona kuva zvose zvinodiwa kunyange zvazvo kutsvaga kurapwa kwekukurumidzira kuchiri kurayirwa. Kana zviratidzo zvikawedzera kana kuzvimba kweganda zvinokanganisa kukwanisa kufema, ipapo epinephrine ichadiwa.
Kana stinger inoramba iri mucheka, yakadai seyeuchi, inofanira kubviswa nokukurumidza kuitira kuti huturu huzhinji hurege kuiswa muhutu. Usafambisa stinger kana kuti nzvimbo yeganda-panzvimbo iyo, dhonza danda racho nechokudzikisa kana kupora stinger kunze nechokukwirira kadhi rechikwereti. Ita ice kana kuti compress inotonhorera panzvimbo yakatemwa kuti udzikise kupfugama kwemukati.
Kurapa kwezvinoitika mune ramangwana. Kuti udzivise kusarudzo kune ramangwana rezvipembenene, tsvaga kuva pedyo nekuputika kwezvipembenene. Kana munhu akawana vanaphylaxis, kana zviratidzo zvepachiviri-muviri wose (ming'u, kuchenesa, kuputika, kuputika kubva panzvimbo yakaronga) mumakore gumi nemakore zvichikwira, ipapo kunhuwa uye kuedza zvinodiwa.
Immunotherapy, kana kuti zvipembenene zvitsva , kushandisa uturu hwakachena kubva mumhando yezvipembenene iyo munhu ane allergiki, inogona kurapa utachiona hwemarwere ose. Izvozvo zvinoshandiswa nemishonga inoshandisa vhu rakachena zvinowanikwa nenzira yakafanana nenzira yekushaya simba kwepenene. Mushure mokunge munhu ari kugamuchira zvakakodzera kuwanikwa kwehutachiona hwemazuva ose, mukana wekutarisana nemamangwana emangwana inoderera kusvika pasi pe5 muzana. Mushure memutsara wehutachiona hwehutachiona hunenge huri pamakore matatu kusvika ku5, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kumira kupfurikidza pasina kuwedzera kukuru mukana wekusarudzwa kwevhutano.
Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vane hutsinye hwakanyanya, hunotyisa hupenyu kubva kunezvipembenene zvezvipembenene, kana avo vakambova nevanaphylaxis kubva kuhutachiona hwehutema huchizvitsvaga, zvinogona kutoda upenyu hurefu hwehutachiona hwemhando dzose. Izvi ndezvokuti mukana wemunhu wekutarisana nemamangwana emangwana inogona kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika 20 muzana makore mazhinji mushure mehutachiona hwemhirizhonga dzinomiswa. Iyi nhaurwa ndeyekushanduka kwenzvimbo yekutsvaga kutsvaga kutsvaga uye kunoda kukurukurirana kwakanyatsobatana pakati pevanhu nevanorwara.
Kune avo vane mishonga yakakomba iyo inofanirwa-nemhaka yebasa kana kuita zvinhu zvinokuvaraidza-inenge iri mumamiriro ezvinhu umo kurira kunogona kuitika nyore nyore, sarudzo yekukurumidza immunotherapy inofanira kuonekwa. Kukurumidza kuwedzerwa immunotherapy yakadai sokukurumidza, kunyange zvazvo kune ngozi yakawanda yekuita, zvinogona kuguma nekudzivirira utachiona hwemhepo hunokonzerwa nekukurumidza zvakanyanya kuti "nguva dzose" zvinokonzera kupisa.
Pashure peAllergy Shots yeBeese Allergy
Vamwe vanonzi allergist vanoita zvirwere zvekuongorora zvirwere, pamwe nekuongororwa kweganda kana RAST, mushure mokunge mazino immunotherapy apiwa kwenguva yakati. Venom immunotherapy inogona kumira mumuzhinji wevanhu vane chirwere chezveruzhinji chinoshanduka chisina kunaka, kunyange zvazvo muedzo hauwanzoshanduki, kunyange kune vanhu vakagamuchira dambudziko rekurwisana kwemakore kwemakore.
Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi zvinoratidza kuti vana vakawanda vanotanga kuputika kwezvimwe zvipembenene zvekunyuchira nenyuchi havaiti kupera kwavo. Ramba uchitarira kuti kushandiswa kwemazuva ose kunogona kuporesa nyuchi kunokonzera kutarisa uye kuderedza mukana wehupenyu hunotyisa zvirwere zvehupenyu mune ramangwana, asi nguva yose yekurapa inoda kupedzeredzwa.
The Bottom Line
Vose vanhu vane nhoroondo yekukanganisa kugadziriswa kwezvipembenene, kusanganisira vana vane kugadzikana kweganda-chete uye kunyange avo vane maitiro makuru emunharaunda, vanofanirwa kufunga kuti vane imwe nzira yekurapa kwechiremba , ingave bhandi, chikwereti chechikwata, kana ID yepumburu inoratidza chiremba wavo , uyewo kuva nechirwere chepinephrine chinogona kuwanika chinowanikwa pakarepo. Iyi EpiPen inofanira kutorwa newe chero kwaunoenda. Iyo TSA inowanzokubvumira kuti utakure EpiPen yako newe mukutakura kwako kana iwe uchibhururuka, asi tarisa mberi kuti uoneke.
Nyeredzi dzinowanikwa, uye kugadziriswa kwegorosi kunogona kukonzera kugadzikana kwakanyanya kana kunyange rufu. Izvozvo zvakati, kuziva zviratidzo zvevanaphylaxis nekukumbira kutarisirwa nokukurumidza kunogona kuderedza dambudziko rezvinetso izvi zvinopisa upenyu.
Vanhu vakawanda vane maitiro asinganzwisisi havazodi shots, asi kurwisa kwemazuva ose kunopa sarudzo yekurapa kune avo vane utachiona hwakakomba.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza imwe nguva yekupedzisira iyo yakawanda inouraya inokonzerwa nenyuchi inokonzera kusangana kwevanhu inowanikwa kune avo vasina ruzivo rwokuzivikanwa. Munhu wese anofanira kunge achiziva zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvevanaphylaxis uye kuti vangabatsirana sei nekukurumidzira kana zvichidiwa.
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