Nharaunda uye kupararira kwemarudzi mashanu ehepatitis
Kana iwe kana munhu waunoda ane rumwe rudzi rwehutachiona hwehutachipatachi, ungangodaro unofunga kuti vanhu vangani vane chirwere. Hezvino tarisa kuwanda kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehutachiona hwehutachipatara muUnited States uye pasi rose.
Hepatitis Infections muUnited States uye Worldwide
Kana iwe wakamboonekwa mune imwe yemhando dzehepatitis, hausi wega.
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinenge zvikamu zviviri kubva muzana zvevanhu vari muUnited States vari kurarama nechirwere chechipatara B chisingaperi kana kutapukirwa kwehepatitis C, zvisingarevi zvimwe zvitatu mafomu. Hepatitis inogona kukonzera chirwere kana kufa nekuda kwezviratidzo zvehutachiona uye zvinetso zvinogona kukura.
Munyika yose, hepatitis (zvikurukuru hepatitis B uye hepatitis C) yaive nemhosva yevakafa mamiriyoni 1,34 muna 2015. Kusabatwa nechirwere chehepatitis kunogona kukonzera chirwere chepirhosis uye chechikenza cheropa , chiri shure kwe 96 muzana yevakafa kubva kuhutachiona hwehutachi hwemhando ipi neipi pasi pose. World Health Organization (WHO) inotaura zvakare kuti kufa kwehepatitis kwawedzera 22 kubva muzana kubva muna 2000.
Kudzivirira uye Kuchengetedza Kufambira mberi
Iyi nhamba inogona kutyisa inotyisa, asi hunobudirira hunoitwa huri kuitwa mukudzivirira nekurapa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ehepatitis. Mushonga unowanikwa iye zvino hepatitis A uye hepatitis B , uye sezvo hepatitis D inongowanikwa chete apo chirwere cheH hepatitis B chiripo, izvi zvinongosiya hepatitis C chete uye hepatitis E inoda chirwere chekudzivirira.
Mukuwedzera, kunzwisisa kwakanakisisa uye kutarisana kwezviitiko zvinopisa zvechirwere zvinogona kupedza zvakakwana matambudziko mazhinji.
Kuitika kunopesana nekupararira
Usati wataura nezve nhamba chaiyo uye zvinyorwa, zvinobatsira kutaura pamusoro pekuti sei nhamba idzi dzinorondedzerwa. Chiitiko chehutachiona chinoreva maitiro matsva ehutano anowanikwa mune rimwe gore.
Somuenzaniso, chiitiko chegore negore che hepatitis A chinoreva nhamba yevanhu vanorwara vane hepatitis A kupfuura nguva yegore pane imwe nzvimbo. Kuwanda kwehutachiona, zvakasiyana, kunoreva kuwanda kwevanhu vanorwara nechirwere. Izvi hazvirevi vanhu chete vanorwara mune rimwe gore, asi avo vakamboonekwa munguva yakapfuura asi vanoramba vachirarama nehosha.
Hapana Chero "Wakaipa" Rudzi rweHepatitis
Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe mhando dzehupatitis dzinowanzove dzakauraya kana kuti dzinokonzera matambudziko asingagumi kwenguva refu, hapana chaicho chinonzi hepatitis icho chakaipisisa kupfuura chimwe kana chiri pamusoro pevanhu. Somuenzaniso, kunyange zvazvo kune vakawanda vakawanda vakafa kubva pane hepatitis B kupfuura hepatitis A, munhu mumwe nomumwe angave nani zviri nani ne hepatitis B kupfuura hepatitis A. Kuoma kwezvirwere izvi kunoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu, kusanganisira kuwana kuhutano hwakanaka, kana kwete Nyika inotakura inotanga, uye zvakawanda.
Hepatitis A Statistics
Kusiyana nedzimwe mhando dzehupatachi dzinogona kuva nehupenyu husingaperi, chirwere chehepatitis A (pamwe nehepatitis E) chinowanikwa sehutachiona hwehutachiwana, zvinoreva kana iwe uine utachiona, hahuna hutachidzika midzi mumuviri.
Iwe unogona kutora hutachiona kana kufa kubva pane hutachiona (uye vanhu vakawanda vanopona.) Chirwere chinowanzouya nezviratidzo zvejerice, sekuita ruvara rweganda, uye zviratidzo zvakadai sechirwere-izvo zvinopedza nguva, asi muzviitiko zvisingaiti zvinogona kutungamirira kuti chiropa chisakundikana uye rufu.
Kuwedzera kwehepatitis A muUnited States: Muna 2014, maiva nezviitiko 1,239 zve hepatitis A yakashumirwa muUnited States ine inofungidzirwa nhamba ye 2 500. Mune mamwe mazwi, vanhu vanoverengerwa vakawanda vanotarisirwa kukura chirwere sevaya vane chirwere ichi chepamutemo chinowanikwa uye chakashuma. Nhamba inofungidzirwa muna 2015 ndeye 2,800.
Rufu muUnited States: Pane makumi manomwe nemapfumbamwe akarondedzerwa nevakafa vane chokuita nehepatitis A muUnited States muna 2014.
Munyika Yose: WHO inofungidzira kuti Hepatitis A ndiyo yaiva chikonzero chekufa kwevanhu 11 000 muna 2015.
Iyo yakapararira sei: Hepatitis A inoparadzirwa mumuromo, kuburikidza nemvura kana zvokudya zvakasvibiswa nehutachiona. Nguva yekudzivirira, iyo ndiyo nguva iri pakati pekudzivirirwa uye kutanga kwezviratidzo, kazhinji inenge mavhiki maviri kusvika matanhatu, uye chirwere chinogona kuonekwa chiine chirwere chekuongorora ropa.
Hepatitis B Nhamba
Hepatitis B zvirwere zvinogona kunzwisiswa zvakanakisisa nekuputsa chirwere ichi kupinda mune zvirwere zvakanyanya uye zvirwere zvisingaperi.
Zvakanyanyoenderana nekusingaperi zvirwere: Paunotanga kupararira kune hepatitis B, zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa mumazuva 45 kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu gare gare. Izvi zvinonzi nguva yekudzivirira. Vanenge makumi manomwe kubva muzana yevanhu vachave nezviratidzo nehutachiona hwehupatachi hweH hepatitis B.
Kune vanhu vazhinji, kunyanya vanhu vakuru uye vana vaduku, hutachiona huchabviswa kubva pamuviri mushure mekunge utachiona hwekutanga. Kusiyana neizvi, anenge makumi matanhatu kubva muzana kubva kune vanhu vakuru, 30 muzana yevana, uye anenge 90 muzana yevana vanobudiswa pakuberekwa havazojekese hutachiona uye vachaita chirwere chisingaperi chine hepatitis B. Vanhu ava vanoonekwa sevatakuri sezvo hutachiona hunoramba huri muropa ravo uye avo vanoratidzirwa kuropa ravo vanogona kukura chirwere.
Inonzi hepatitis B inhara muUnited States: Muna 2014 pakange pane 2953 mitsva itsva yehupatitis B yakashumwa muUnited States, asi inofungidzirwa kuti 19 200 mitsva yakaitika (inofungidzirwa kuti chiyero chaicho ndeche 6.48 nguva iyo inonzi yakatarwa.)
Kurwara kwehupatachi hweH hepatitis B muSouth: Inofungidzirwa kuti kune 850,000 kusvika ku2 miriyoni vanhu vanogara vane chirwere chechipatara B chisingaperi muUnited States muna 2016.
Rufu muUnited States: Muna 2014 maiva nemakore 1843 kufa umo hepatitis B yakarongerwa pachirwere chekufa.
Munyika Yose: Zvinotendwa kuti vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni 240 vane utachiona hweHpatitis B pasi rose, uye vane 786 000 vanofa kubva kune zvinetso zvechirwere gore negore. Hepatitis B ndiyo inokonzera kukonzera kwechiropa pasi rose.
Iyo inopararira sei: Hepatitis B inoparidzirwa nekusunungurwa zvakananga kuropa kana mbeu inosvibiswa nehutachiona. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusiyana kubva munyoro kana kuti hapana nzira yose yekushaya chiropa nekukundikana uye rufu. Kurapwa kwehutachiona hwehutachiona hunonyanya kutarisira kutsigira, nemishonga yakadai semishonga yemishonga inorwisa mairi uye interferon inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere zvisingaperi.
Hepatitis C Dhamba
Sezvakaita hepatitis B, hepatitis C inewo maitiro akaoma uye asingagumi, kunyange zvazvo hepatitis C yakawanda zvikuru kupfuura hepatitis B kuti ive chirwere chisingagumi; kunenge 55 kusvika ku85 kubva muzana yevanhu vanoenderera mberi kuti vave nehutachiona hwehupatachi C. Nguva yekudzivirira kwechirwere ichi inogona kusiyana kubva pavhiki mbiri kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu, uye vanenge 80 muzana yevanhu havana zviratidzo panguva yechikamu chechirwere chacho. Inenge 90 muzana yezvisingagumi zvehupatachi C zvirwere zvinogona kuraswa nemishonga yekurapa. Kunyange pasina ikozvino chirwere chinowanika, tsvakurudzo yekupemesa inoenderera mberi .
Yakanyanya hepatitis C mamiriro ekuAmerica: Muna 2014 pakange pane 2194 yakashuma maitiro matsva eHepatitis C muUnited States asi makumi matatu nemakumi matatu akafungidzirwa mutsva.
Kurwara kwehupachivha hweH hepatitis C muUnited States: Inofungidzirwa kuti pakati pe2,7 uye 3.9 mamiriyoni vanhu vari kurarama nehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehepatitis C muUnited States.
Rufu muUnited States: Muna 2014, hepatitis C yakarongwa sechikonzero chekufa kune zvigwaro zvekufa zve19659 muU.S. Nguva yakawanda yevanhu vakafa vakafa pakati pe55 ne64.
Munyika yose: WHO inofungidzira kuti mamiriyoni 71 vanhu vane utachiona hwehupatitis C pasi rose. Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere vanoramba vachikura nekrrhosis kana kenza yemuropa, uye chirwere ichi chinokonzera kufa 399 000 pasi pose gore negore.
Iyo inopararira sei: Hepatitis C, yakafanana nehepatitis B, inopararira kuburikidza neropa kana semenje.
Hepatitis D Statistics
Hepatitis D utachiona (inonziwo delta agent) yakafanana nemamwe maitiro ehepatitis, asi inogona kungoparadzira avo vakatotapukirwa nehutachiona hweH hepatitis B. Utachiona huri nemaviri maviri: Co-hutachiwana hwehutachiwana hwehupatitis D uye hepatitis B panguva imwechete, uye kukura kwepamusoro , umo utachiona hweH hepatitis D hunoitika mushure mokunge mava nehutachiona hwehupatitis B. (yakafanana nehutachiona hweH hepatitis A), nepo kuperevedza ne hepatitis D kunoita zvakanyanya se hepatitis B uye inogona kuramba ichikonzera kupirhosis uye rufu. Kuda kufungidzira kunowanzofungidzirwa apo mumwe munhu ane hepatitis B anowedzera kurwara nokukurumidza.
Hepatitis D chiitiko muUnited States: Hepatitis D haina kujairika muUnited States.
Munyika Yose: Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hepatitis D inobata mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu pasi rose.
Iyo inopararira sei: Sehepatitis B neC, inopararira nekubatana nemadziviriro emuviri akaita sehutachiwana hwehutachiwana uye semhodzi.
Hepatitis E Statistics
Hepatitis E tsukari yakanyanya kufanana ne hepatitis A pakuti inongova nehuwandu hwehutano uye inowanzova chirwere chisingaregi. Sezvakaita hepatitis A, zvakadaro, vamwe vanhu vanogona kuramba vachiwedzera kukurumidza hepatitis ( acute fover failure ) uye vanofa nehosha.
Hepatitis E chiitiko muUnited States: Hepatitis E kutapukisa hakusi nyore muUnited States.
Munyika Yose: Kune inofungidzirwa kuti mamiriyoni makumi maviri ehepatitis E inokanganisa gore roga roga pasi rose, uye inetso yakakomba muEast uye South Asia. Pakati peizvi, mamiriyoni 3.3 anoshanduka kuva zviratidzo zvakaoma.
Rufu: Anofungidzirwa vanhu makumi mana makumi mana vakafa muna 2015 kubva kune hepatitis E kupararira munyika yose. Inogona kuva chirwere chinotyisa kune vakadzi vane pamuviri.
Iyo inopararira sei: Hepatitis E inoparadzirwa nefecal-oral nzira (zvokudya zvakasvibiswa nemvura uye uhu husina kunaka hwakafanana nehepatitis A) uye kazhinji zvinokonzera zviratidzo zvekudya.
Vaccination Work
Zvichipa nhamba huru yevanhu vanobatwa neimwe nzira yehupatitis, zvakakosha kuti uzive nemhando dzakasiyana dzechirwere ichi. Kune avo vari pangozi, zvirwere zvino zvinowanika kune hepatitis A uye hepatitis B, uye sezvo hepatitis D inongowanikwa pamwe chete ne hepatitis B, dzakawanda zvezvirwere izvi zvino zvinodzivirirwa nekupora.
Funga Kuedza
Sezvo hepatitis C inowanzosvibisa panguva yechikamu chakaoma, kune vanhu vazhinji vanotakura utachiona asi vasingazivi. Kana uine mungozi ipi zvayo, bvunza chiremba wako kuti akuongorore nekuda kwechirwere ichi. Izvozvo zvakati, vanhu vakawanda vanoita hutachiona pasina chero humwe hunozviisa pangozi, uye zvino zvakakurudzirwa kuti munhu wose akaberekwa pakati pa1945 na1965 aongororwe chirwere chacho.
> Sources:
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Hepatitis A: Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzeVanhu. Yakapedzwa musi waNovember 2, 2017.
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Viral Hepatitis: Kuongorora uye Kuongororwa. Yakapedzwa musi waMay 11, 2017.
> World Health Organization (WHO). Global Hepatitis Report, 2017 . Geneva. 2017.
> World Health Organization (WHO). Hepatitis C. Yakapedzwa muna October 2017.
> World Health Organization (WHO). Hepatitis D. Yakavandudzwa muna July 2017.