Maitiro ekuzvidzivirira sei Kuita Basa Mukurapa kweSickle Cell Disease

A Review of Immunizations uye Sickle Cell Disease

Kuzvidzivirira hazvive izvo zvaunofunga nezvaunofunga paunofunga nezvekurapa. Zvichida chinhu chaunoshamwaridzana nevana vaduku vari vaduku uye vari pangozi yekutapukirwa. Kune huwandu hwehutano apo zvirwere zvekukurumidza zvinoenderana nenyaya inokosha yekuchengetedza. Vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi sickle cell chinowedzera mungozi yehutachiwana uye zvirwere ndezvimwe chikamu chekuzara kwesekone cell care.

Nei Vanhu Vachirwara Chirwere Chemajeri Chine Ngozi Nezvirwere?

Vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi sickle cell chinotanga kuve nekuparara kwemuviri mugore rokutanga rehupenyu. Imwe yenhengo dzekutanga dzakakanganiswa ndeyepleen. Iyo chirwere chikamu chiduku kune rumwe rutivi rworuboshwe rwemuviri pasi pebhiriji. Iyo spleen inosvipa ropa uye inobvisa masero matsvuku eropa uye akakuvara.

Iyo spleen zvakare chikamu chinokosha chemuviri wedu wesimba. Iyo inoshandisa mabasa maviri anokosha mumuviri wedu wechirwere chekudzivirira muviri: kusvina mabhakitiriya (kunyanya mabhakitiriya anonzi mabhakitiriya akavharidzirwa) uye kubudisa lymphocytes, sero rega rega rega rinobatsira kuita zvirwere zvepachirwere zvirwere kana kupindura majekiseni.

Masero matsvuku eropa anofanira kudzvinyirira kuburikidza nedzimwe nzvimbo shomanana mupleen. Apo masero matsvuku eropa anotsemuka mumucheka, inokuvadza spleen. Ichi chakaipa chinowanzoitika uye kune vanhu vane chirwere chakakomba chechiremba, spleen basa rinorasikirwa vasati vava nemakore mashanu.

Kurasikirwa uku kweplenic basa kunowedzera mukana wehutachiona.

Chii Chine Bhakitiriya Kufanirwa Nevanhu Vanorwara Chirwere Chemafoni?

1. Streptococcus pneumoniae : Iyi bhakitiriya inowanzokonzera chirwere chepineum vana nevakuru. Uyezve, inogona kukonzera meningitis (utachiona hwebhande reuropi), bacteremia (utachiona hwehutachiona hweropa) kana sepsis (utachiona hweropa hunokonzera kupisa kukuru kwekuita).

1. Neisseria meningitidis : Iyi bhakitiriya ndiyo nhamba inokonzera bhakitiriya meningitis muvana uye vaduku vakuru. Inogonawo kukonzera bacteremia kana sepsis.
2. Haemophilus influenzae gwaro b : Tisati tagara muchirwere, mabhakitiriya aya aimbova chikonzero chinokonzera meningitis muvana. Hazvifanirwe kuvhiringidzwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona.
3. Influenza : Influenza chirwere chinokonzera kutapurika kwezvirwere. Vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi sickle cell chinokonzera utachiona nehutachiona zvinowanzozobvumirwa kupinda kuchipatara. Uyezve, hutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kukonzera matambudziko emapapu seAacute chest syndrome.

Kuzvidzivirira kune Mumwe Munhu Anorwara Chirwere Chemafoni

1. Pneumococcal vacunizations. Aya majekiseni anochengetedza kupikisa Streptococcus pneumonia. Mhemberero yekutanga inopiwa kuvana vose (2, 4, 6, uye 12-15 wemakore). Inonzi Prevnar 13 kana PCV13. Vana vane chirwere chinonzi sickle cell chirwere vanofanirawo kugamuchira Pneumovax (kana PPSV23) pamakore maviri nemakore uye chipiri chechipiri makore mashanu gare gare.
2. Meningococcal vacunizations. Vose vana vanochengetedzwa neNeisseria meningitidis asi vana vane sickle cell chirwere vanogamuchira zvirwere izvi kare. Kune nzira mbiri dzekugamuchira majekiseni: sechikamu chekugara muchirwere vacheche (vana mazamu pa2, 4, 6, uye 12 -15 mwedzi yezera), kana mushure memazuva manomwe emakore (miviri miviri). Ichi chirwere chinonzi Menveo kana Menactra (MCV4). Iyi mishonga inoda boster shots muupenyu hwose. Muna 2016, utachiona hunopesana ne meningococcus-type B hwakange hwawedzerwa kune mazano uye hunogona kupiwa sendima mbiri kana mitatu inotanga pamakore gumi.

1. Haemophilus influenzae b. Kuzvidzivirira kweHaemophilus chikamu chekuita zvirwere munguva yekutanga yehupenyu (maitiro mana). Iyi mishonga inonzi Hib uye inokwanisa kupiwa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvirwere.
2. Influenza. Kuzvidzivirira nehutachiona gore negore kunorudzirwa kuvanhu vane sickle cell chirwere. Infirenza vaccination inogona kupiwa gore negore ichibva pamwedzi 6 yezera. Chekutanga apo mumwe munhu ari pasi pezera remakore 8 anogamuchira chirwere chekurwisa, maitiro maviri anoshandiswa (anenge masvondo mana oga oga). Mushure mekunge, chirwere chimwe chete chinodiwa gore negore. Iyo chirwere inoshandurwa gore negore saka inofanira kupiwa gore negore. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nguva yekufuruza inotangira kubva munenge muna Oktober kusvika muna March. Kana iwe uchigamuchira chirwere chako chekurwisa munaJanuary, iwe unoda imwe imwe mushure megore raOctober kuti uvhare mutsva yemafupa.

Zvirwere izvi zvinotyisa, asi nerufaro, izvi zvirwere zvakaderera zvikuru. Uyezve, penicillin inopiwa kuvana vane sickle cell chirwere kubva pakuberekwa kusvika kune makore 5 kudzivirira zvirwere zvebhakitiriya. Kana uine mibvunzo kana zvinetseka pamusoro pemishonga iyi, tapota taurirane navo nechiremba wako.

> Sources:

> CDC Immunization Schedules: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/child-adolescent.html

> Munda JJ, Vichinsky EP uye DeBaun MR. Kuratidzira kwevatungamiri uye kufungidzira kwe sickle cell chirwere. Mu: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, WA. (Yakasvika musi waAugust 19, 2016.)