Kune vanhu vasina kukwanisa kushandiswa nevashandirwi-inotsigirwa inshuwarisi, ACA inosanganisira rubatsiro rwekuita inshuwarano yehutano inotengeswa. Asi haasi munhu wose anofanirwa zvakakwana mune rimwe remapoka maviri aya. Vamwe vanhu vane ruzivo rweurongwa hunoshandiswa nevanoshandira, asi havakwanisi kutenga miriyamisi. Kune vamwe vavo, ACA inopa zororo. Asi pakati pemamiriyoni maviri nemana vanhu, hapana mhinduro yakanaka pane ino.
Ndiani akabatwa mumumhuri?
Izvi ndezvekuti vakanamatira mune izvo zvinozivikanwa seAACA "mhuri inobwinya" uye havakwanise kuwana rubatsiro rwakakosha kubva kumushandi kana kuti rubatsiro kuburikidza nekutengeserana.
Heino dambudziko: Kuti uwane chikwereti chekubhadhara mari yemari yepaburiro, iwe unofanirwa kuva nemari isingadariki 400% yehurombo hwehutano, uye yechipiri-yakadhura mari yeurongwa munharaunda yako inoda mari kupfuura chiyero chakafanotangwa. Asi pane chimwe chikonzero. Mvumo yekupa rubatsiro inobva pane kana kana munhu asingakwanisi kuwana chirongwa chinoshandiswa nevashandirwi chinopa huwandu hunokosha (inosanganisira 60% yemavhareji emari) uye inonzi inokwanisika. Kubva muna 2018, izvo zvinotsanangurwa sehuwandu husingabhadhari mari inopfuura 9,55 kubva muzana yemari inowanikwa yevashandi chete (iyi inopera zvishoma kubva muna 2017, apo mari inoshandiswa nevashandi-inotsigirwa inshuwarheni yaisakosha mari inopfuura 9,69 kubva muzana yemari nokuda kwekushandiswa kwebasa)
Kana mushandi ane nhengo dzemhuri, mari yakawedzerwa kuwedzera kune chirongwa chebashandi-hachibvunzwi paanoona kana chirongwa chinoshandiswa nevashandi "chiripo." Sezvo vashandi vakawanda vachibhadhara chikamu chakakura chemishandirapamwe yehutano yevashandi vavo, vazhinji vashandisirwe-varongwa vanofungidzirwa vanofungidzirwa kutenga.
Uye iyo "inotengeswa" inoratidzirwa inowedzera kune nhengo dzemhuri 'kugoverwa zvakare, kunyange kana mushandirwi asingabhadhara chero yero yemajimisi avo zvachose .
Semuenzaniso, funga nezvemhuri yevashanu ine mari imwe chete ye $ 60,000 / gore. Vanenge vari pasi pemari yakagadzirirwa kubhadhara rubatsiro rwekubhadhara (400% yehurombo hwehutano hwemhuri yevashanu ndeye $ 115,120 pakusarudza kukodzera kwekodzero dze 2018). Ngatimbofungidzira kuti mubereki webasa ari kushanda anopa chirongwa chehutano hwehutano hwehutano, uye anokweretesa akawanda emashandiro avo emashandiro. Saka mhuri inobhadhara $ 100 / mwedzi yakabviswa kubva mubhadharo kuti inongorore premium yevashandi. Ndiyo 2% chete yemari yavo - zvakanaka pasi pe 9.56 muzana chikamu - naizvozvo kugoverwa kunoonekwa sekukwanisa.
Asi zvakadini kana zvichiita kuti mhuri iwane $ 900 / mwedzi yakawedzerwa kuwedzera mudzimai nemwana kune chirongwa chavanoshandisa? Vamwe vashandi havakwanise kuvhara chero purogiramu yekuwedzera vanovimba, naizvozvo iyi haisi iyo inowanzoitika. Iye zvino kubhadhara kwemari yehutano yehutano yehutano ndeye $ 1000 / mwedzi, iyo inenge 20 muzana yemari yavo yeimba. Asi mhuri yose ichiri kufungidzirwa kuva ne "kukwanisa" mari yavanoshandira-inotsigirwa nehutano inshuwarisi, nokuti kukwanisa kugadziriswa kunobva chete pane zvavanobhadhara kuvhara mushandi, kwete mushandi pamwe chete nevanovimba uye / kana mudzimai.
Izvi zvakaitika sei?
Zvose izvi zvakajekeswa ne IRS mumutemo wekupedzisira wavakabudiswa muna 2013. Uye kunyange zvazvo dambudziko racho rinowanzonzi se "mhuri inobwinya," haisi kunyatsogadzikana mupfungwa yokuti yakanyatsotaridzirwa neHurumende Accountability Office uye IRS zvisati zvaitwa nemitemo yacho.
Kunetseka kwaiva kuti kana vanovimba mumamiriro ezvinhu aya vakakwanisa kuwana rubatsiro mukutengeserana, zvingawedzerwa mari yose iyo hurumende inofanira kuripa muzvikwereti. Sezvo vashandi vanofanirwa kugoverana kuti vawane zvigaro "zvisingakwanisi" zvevashandi vavo, paiva nezvinetso izvo vashandi vangave vachideredza zvipo zvavanoita kuvamiririri vemainishuwarenzi ehutano, nekudaro kutumira vamwe vakaroorana nevana kune zvekugoverana kuti vabatsirwe kugoverwa.
Tinogona kuigadzirisa here?
Muna 2014, Sénata Al Franken akaudza Family Coverage Act (S.2434) achiedza kubvisa mhuri inobwinya. Asi mutemo uyu hauna kuenda chero kupi zvako nekuda kwezvinetso zvekuti kugadzirisa kwaizove kwakanyanya kutengesa (vanhu vakawanda vanozofanirwa kubhadhara mari, iyo inotsigirwa nehurumende yehurumende). Hillary Clinton zvakare akaronga kugadzirisa kubwinya kwemhuri sechikamu chemuongorori wepurezidhendi, asi pakupedzisira akarasikirwa nesarudzo kuna Donald Trump.
VaRepublicans muCongress vakataura nezvekudzorera uye kubvisa ACA munguva yegore ra2017, asi zviyero zvakasiyana-siyana zvavakasarudza hazvipfuuri, uye ACA inoramba yakanyatsogadzikana. Havana kutaurira chero zvikwereti zvinotarisana nepamusoro pemhuri.
Inoramba ichionekwa kana mhuri inobwinya ichazogadziriswa. Nenzira inofadza, vazhinji vevana avo vangave vakabatwa mumhuri yepamusoro vakakodzera CHIP (Children's Health Insurance Program). Asi kune avo vasati vari, uye kune vakaroorana vari mumhuri inobwinya, kugoverwa kunogona kunge kusingakwanisi kusvika, pasinei nokuti iyo inonyatsoonekwa inotengwa.
> Sources:
> Federal Register, Bhuku 78, Nhamba 22 , February 2013.
> GovTrack, S.2434, Family Coverage Act (113th Congress)
> Internal Revenue Service, Nzira dzeMutero 2016-24 .
> Internal Revenue Service, Nzira dzeMutero 2017-36 .
> Kaiser Family Foundation, Summary of the American Health Care Act, May 2017.