Maererano neMaZE Heart Process

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Atrial Fibrillation

Nzira yeby maze chirwere chinoshandiswa kugadzirisa inrial fibrillation, kana "a-fiber," mamiriro emwoyo umo mwoyo rhythm hauna kukwana. Kana iyo isingagoni kudzorwa nemishonga kana mamwe marapirwo, nzira yeby maze ingave yakakodzera kurapwa. Inowana zita iri kubva kune zvitsva zvakasara zvakasara pamakamuri emapurisa epakuvhiya, sezvakaita maze.

Kusachengetedzwa kwetrial fibrillation kunogona kuwedzera ngozi yekurohwa. Inogonawo kuita kuti munhu anzwe asina simba uye akatambudzika sezvo mwoyo uri kuputira zvishoma.

Kuti unzwisise nzira yacho, zvinokosha kuziva kuti mwoyo ine magetsi ayo, anotungamirira mabasa akasiyana emuviri wemutsipa. Mwoyo wakajairika, magetsi anotanga kukonzera kuruboshwe uye kurudyi atrium (makamuri ekumusoro emwoyo) kuti aite chibvumirano, saka zvivako zvinyorwa (makamuri emwoyo pasi).

Munguva yefriday fibrillation, chiratidzo chinoparadzaniswa sekunge chiri kutora nzira dzakawanda kuburikidza neby maze, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeatrium zvibvumirane panguva dzakasiyana sezvo nzira imwe neimwe inotora nguva yakasiyana yeiyo kuitira chiratidzo chekufamba. Izvi zvinoputika, nemativi akasiyana eatrium contracting panguva dzakasiyana, inonzi fibrillation.

Iyo nzira inodzivirira iyo inomisa kushandiswa kwemagetsi kubva pakutora nzira dzakawanda uye kunomanikidza chiratidzo ichi munzira imwe chete, iyo inobvumira kuti atrium yose itange kubvumirana panguva imwe chete.

Verenga Zvinyorwa: The Human Heart & Heart Surgery

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Kudiwa

A maze procedure haifaniri kudikanwa nehuwandu hweatrial fibrillation varwere. Mishonga inoshanda zvakanaka kuvanhu vakawanda. Kune varwere vasingabatsirwi nemishonga chete, cardioversion inogona kuva danho rinotevera. Cardioversion inzira iyo magetsi anoshandiswa pamwoyo uye anogona kudzorera murwere kune rwiyo rwemazuva akawanda.

Mune dzimwe nguva, varwere vanosarudza kurarama nezviratidzo zvinyoro asi funga kuvhiyiwa apo zviratidzo zvinowedzera kana kuti zvichitsamwisa zvikuru kana pamusoro pekushaya hanya. Nokufamba kwenguva, varwere vanogona kuwana kuti regimen yakashanda munguva yakapfuura ingasazogadzirisa zviratidzo zvehutachiona hwehutachiona. Kana kuchinjwa kwechirapa kusati kuchibudirira, nzira yeby maze inogona kunge yakasarudzwa, asi inowanzoitika apo dzimwe dzose zvingasarudzwa.

Kana iwe wakatarisa mukati meiyi sarudzo munguva yakapfuura, cherechedza mupfungwa kuti kune ikozvino itsva uye ine zvishoma inopisa catheter yokugadzirisa nzira isingadi kuti chifu chekudzikisa chechifu uye kusungirirwa pamutambo we cardiopulmonary bypass machine , kunyange zvazvo teknolojia iyi ichiri itsva uye kwete inopiwa kuzvipatara zvose. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, nzira yeby maze inogona kusanganiswa nedzimwe nzira, dzakadai sekuvhiyiwa kwepfungwa yepamusoro (CABG).

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Iyo Inoshanda Sei

Nzira yacho inogona kuitwa kuburikidza nekuvhiyiwa kwepfungwa, kana kuti nenzira inoshandiswa yakawanda inoshandiswa iyo inoshandisa catheter yakatsetseka kuburikidza nemidziyo mikuru yeropa yemupuranga. Nzira iyi inowanzosavhiringidzika iye zvino inowanikwa mune zvipatara zvishoma zvakasiyana uye zvitsva.

Muzvinhu zvose izvi, chinangwa ndechokugadzirisa kukanganisa kunokonzera izvo zvinoita kuti zvikamu zvakasiyana zveatrium zvibvumirwe panguva dzakasiyana. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuvhiya kuomesa mafungiro emagetsi mumugwagwa mumwe chete, izvo zvinoita kuti atrium ipise zvakanaka. Panzvimbo yekutora nzira dzakawanda kuburikidza ne "maze" kumusana weatrium, chiratidzo chemagetsi chinomanikidzwa kutora nzira imwe, kugumisa kupera kwekuita.

Izvi zvinoitwa nekucheka kana kupwanya dzimwe nzira. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi hazvikwanisi kuyambuka kana nzira dzakasvibiswa, saka chiremba anovhiya anoshandisa se scalpel, re-radio-frequency ablation (rudzi rwekupisa) kana kuchema (kutonhora) kuti asiye nzira dzisina kufanira.

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The Surgery

Kuvhiya kunotanga nehukuru anesthesia . Kana imwe nguva anesthesia inoshanda uye murwere anonyoreswa (kufema nemubatsiro wemichina), chiremba anovhiya anogona kutanga nekuita kusanganisa kusingaperi, kutengesa pamusoro pe sternum (breastbone). Iyo sternum inotemwa kuita zvikamu zviviri kushandisa saga yakakosha, kuparadzanisa bone. Izvi zvinobvumira chiremba chiremba kuti ataure zvakananga kumwoyo.

Chiremba anovhiya anogona kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvakawanda pane ino kuti avhare nzira dzisina kufanirwa dzinofambisa mafungiro emagetsi emwoyo, akadai se scalpel, kana kuti inopisa kwazvo kana inotonhora zvikuru. Kamwe chirwere ichi chichigadzirisa kuti nzira dzose dzave dzakasvibiswa, sternum, kana kuti sefupa, yakavharwa uye inoshandisa tambo yakashambadzira isina kuchena, yakabatana pamwe kuitira kuti iporeswe zvakanaka.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zviduku zvingashandiswa pasi pezamu, uye chifuko chepfupa zvinosungirwa kubvisa chero ropa chero ripi zvaro rinogona kuunganidza mukati memwoyo. Iyo micheche yakabatanidzwa kune imwe nyoyo yekusanganisa kuitira kuti ropa rinogona kuyerwa, kana mune dzimwe nguva, ropa rinogona kudzorerwa kumurwere mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

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Kudzorera

Mushure mekuita nzira, iwe unogona kutarisira kupedza rimwe kana kupfuura mazuva muCUU kana nzvimbo yekuchengetedza mwoyo mukati uri kunyatsoongororwa. Kusiyana nekuvhiya kukuru, hapana mishonga inopiwa kupa munhu murwere kubva kune anesthesia. Pane kudaro, anesthesia inobvumirwa kupfeka maawa akawanda.

Panguva yekudzoka muI ICU, basa remagetsi remwoyo richanyatsoongororwa kuti rione kana nzira yacho yakabudirira. Kamwe apo anesthesia inopera, kufema bhafu kuchabviswa, uye kazhinji mukati meawa gumi nemaviri ekuvhiya murwere achabatsirwa kuchigaro. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sezvisinganzwisisiki kukwira nekufamba zvakakurumidza mushure mekuvhiyiwa, ichi chikamu chinokosha chekudzoka uye kunobatsira kudzivirira zvinetso sekuvhara ropa uye pneumonia.

Ikoko kunogona kuva nemhepo yenguva pfupi ye pacemaker iyo inobva pane incision kuitira kuti kunze kwe pacemaker kunogona kushandiswa kana pakaitika dambudziko. Muhuwandu hwemhosva, izvi hazvidikanwi-iyo faira ndiyo inodzivirira kana pakaitwa pacemaker panguva yekudzikinura.

Muzvikamu zvisingawanzoitiki, pacemaker inogara ichitsvaga inogona kudiwa, kazhinji kana nzira yemagetsi yakasara yakanyatsogadziriswa haisi kuitisa mafungiro zvakakodzera kune atrium. Iyo pacemaker inotumira simba remagetsi rinowanzotangwa nemwoyo uye rinorongwa kutumira chiratidzo kune imwe atrium kana kuti zvose zviri zviviri, zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye zvisikwa zvechinetso.

Varwere vane nzira shoma yekuvhiringidza iyo inowanzo muI ICU kwemazuva anoverengeka kuti vatarise asi vanogona kudzokera kune basa rakanaka uye vanoshanda nekukurumidzira kupfuura varwere vane nzira yakazaruka yego maze. Munguva ino, uye vhiki dzinotevera, kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwakakosha zvikuru kudzivirira utachiona .

Chimiro chekudzoka kubva kuvhudziro yemwoyo yakasununguka masvondo masere kana kupfuura, asi izvo zvishoma zvishoma zvinopinda muitiro zvinopfupika. Anenge 90 muzana yevarwere vane nzira yekuzorodzwa kubva kuzviratidzo zvehutachiona hwehutachiona mushure mokunge vadzoka kubva pakuvhiyiwa. Vamwe varwere vangave vachida kubatanidzwa mukugadzirisa mwoyo kwemoyo mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kuti vadzorezve simba ravo uye simba.

> Sources:

> Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. The Mayo Clinic. Yakasvika muna April, 2009 http://www.mayoclinic.org/atrial-fibrillation-ablation/

> Chii Chinonzi Cox-Maze Procedure. The Cleveland Clinic. Yakasvika muna April, 2009 http://my.clevelandclinic.org/heart/disorders/electric/surgtx.aspx