Vana vakagadziriswa nehutano husati vabatwa newaini nekuda kwekunwa kwavo kwemaamai pavanenge vachiita pamuviri vanogona kukura zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusununguka kwekuberekwa kubva pamwero kusvika pakukosha. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvinogona kusanganisira kushayikwa kwekukura, kusagadzikana kwemaziso (kusaipa) uye hukuru hwehutano hwemagetsi hunokanganisa.
Pane mitemo yakasiyana-siyana uye zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosanganiswa nemazinga akasiyana-siyana ezvinokonzerwa newaini-zvine chokuita nekuberekwa kunokanganisa zvinogona kuvhiringidza kunyange kune avo vanoshanda pamwe nevana ava.
Zvinotevera ndezvimwe zvemashoko aya uye mararamiro avanotsanangura.
Dambudziko reA fetal Alcohol Spectrum
Dambudziko reAdal alcohol spectrum (FASD) izwi rinowanzoreva zvinotyisa zvakasiyana zvinogona kuitika mumwana amai vakanwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura, kusanganisira muviri, mupfungwa, tsika uye / kana kukwanisa kudzidzira.
FASD haina kurongerwa kuva chirwere chekurapa. Iro izwi rechimberi rinoshandiswa kuisa huwandu hwezvirwere zvakadai se fetal alcohol syndrome , chikamu fetal alcohol syndrome, zvinodhaka zvine alcohol-neurodevelopmental nevamwe.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) chirwere chinokonzerwa nehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutano hwemwana panguva yekuzvitakura. Kuti zviwanikwe ne fetal alcohol syndrome, mwana aizoita zvose zvinotevera:
- Kukurira kushayikwa.
- Chikamu chakasiyana chezvakaipa zviduku zviso, zvakadai semaziso maduku, philtrum yakashata (vertical groove pamusoro pemiromo) uye ine muromo wepamusoro.
- Central nervous system kukuvadza (kusanganisira chimiro, neurological, uye / kana kushanda kwemaitiro).
- Kunwa doro zvisina kufanira.
Mwana wacho paanenge asina kukanganisa chiso, dzimwe zviratidzo zvinowanzovapo uye dzinokosha uye mwana anoonekwa ane fetal alcohol syndrome. Apo kusakanganiswa kwemaziso ako kusipo, zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kunge zviripo uye zvakadzama.
Ndiyo apo izwi rinogona kuwedzeredza.
Chikamu Chokutora Alcohol Syndrome
Izwi iri rinoshandiswa apo mwana ane zvakawanda, asi kwete zvose, nekushayikwa kwekukura uye / kana chiso chinowanikwa ne fetal alcohol syndrome, pamwe chete nehutachiona hutachiona hunokanganisa uye, zvechokwadi, kutora doro kusati kwatanga.
Kunyangwe kana mwana asina chinhu chekuona kana kushayikwa kwekukura, kunwa doro kwepabonde kunogona kukonzera hutachiona hwehutano husina kunaka hunooma zvakadai sekuvana vana vane zviratidzo zvose zve fetal alcohol syndrome.
Doro Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Muna 1996, Institute of Medicine yakaratidza kuongororwa kwewaini yakabatana neurodevelopmental disorders (ARND) yevana vakaratidza hutachiona hwehurongwa hwehutano hwakakanganisika uye avo vakanga vachinwa doro rekurera vasati vazvarwa - pasina kushama kwekukura kana chiso.
Fetal Doro Migumisiro
Pane imwe nguva, izwi iri raishandiswa kuongorora vana vaiva nevamwe, asi kwete zvose, zvezviratidzo zve fetal alcohol syndrome. Kubva muna 1995, izwi rokuti "fetal alcohol alcohol" rakabva risati rafarirwa nekuti raireva kubatana kwepabonde pakati pekuberekwa kwewaini yakasununguka uye zviratidzo zvemwana izvo zvisingakwanisi kusimbiswa.
Nemhaka yokuti zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvinobatana nehutachiona hwepabonde zvinowanzowanzoitika kune vanhu vasina chirwere chinotanga kuberekwa, vanachiremba vakatanga kuderedza zviratidzo zvinoratidza kuti doro rekutsvaga doro rakakonzera migumisiro, yakadai se "fetal alcohol effects" uye "doro rinosangana neurodevelopmental disorders. "
FASD 4-Digit Diagnostic Code
Muna 1997, Washington State FAS Diagnostic uye Prevention Network yakagadzira nzira yekuongorora huwandu hwemigumisiro yezvibereko zvevana vane utano husati hwavapo. Maererano newebsite webhusaiti, chidimbu chechina chekuongorora, "inopa zvakajeka uye zvinogadziriswa zvirwere nezvakawanda, zviyero zvidzidzo zvinogadzirisa uye zvakananga-tsanangudzo."
Chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvina chinoshandiswa kuratidza kuoma kwezvinhu zve fetal alcohol syndrome nenzira inotevera: (1) kushayikwa kwekukura, (2) maziso eFAS anoonekwa, (3) nheyo yepamusoro yenyika inokuvadza kana kushaya simba, uye (4) ) doro rinotanga kuberekwa.
Chimwe nechimwe chinongororwa kubva pane 1 kusvika ku 4 pachiyero uye 1 kuva kusakwana zvachose kwe fetal alcohol syndrome uye 4 kuratidza kusimba kwakasimba kwe "classic" kwechikamu chacho.
Semuenzaniso, nhamba yezvidimbu zvina makumi mana nemakumi mana nemana makumi mana nemakumi matatu nemashanu (3444) inoratidza kuti mwana wacho aine kushama kwekuwedzera zvakashata, maziso anokosha, chinonyatsokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutano uye huwandu hwehutano husati hwavapo.
Static Encephalopathy (Doro Rinoratidzwa)
Izwi iri rakagadzirwa muna 2002 uye rinoshandiswa kureva vana vane zvivakwa, neurological uye / kana zvakakosha kushanda zvisina kukodzera kumitambo yavo yepamusoro yenheyo, asi kusakoshesa kwakagadzikana - hakufambi mberi kana kuregerera.
Neurobehavioral Disorder (Doro Rinoratidzwa)
Neurobehavioral disorder (doro rakaiswa pachena) kuongororwa kwevana vane runyararo rukuru rwemitambo yehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutano hwakanaka, asi hapana humwe humwe hwehutano kana hwehutano husina kunaka.
Icho Chinokosha paFAS
Sezvaunogona kuona kubva pane zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kusununguka kwekudhakwa kwepabonde kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana kwekuzvarwa, kubva kune unyoro kusvika kune zvakanyanya kukanganisa. Fetal alcohol syndrome ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kukonzera kukanganisa kwepfungwa nekuremara kwekukura uye yakadzivirirwa zvachose.
Kudzivirira fetal alcohol syndrome iri nyore. Kana uri kuronga kuti uwane pamuviri, rega kunwa. Kana ukaona kuti uri nepamuviri, rega kunwa doro pakarepo.
> Kwakabva:
> University of Washington FAS Diagnostic and Prevention Network. "Chii chinonzi FASD, FAS, Partial FAS uye ARND?"
> University of Washington FAS Diagnostic and Prevention Network. " Kuongorora Kuongororwa kweHotal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Code 4-Digit Diagnostic Code (PDF) ." 2004.