Computed tomography (CT) inoongorora nzira inowanzoshandiswa kutora mifananidzo yeuropi. Kunyange zvazvo mifananidzo yacho isiri yakagadziriswa seMRI scan, CT inotsvaga inokurumidza uye inodhura zvingasarudzwa zvinonyanya kunaka pakucherechedza matambudziko makuru akaita ropa kana kuputsika mukati mehenya.
Early Neuroradiology
Kuti unzwisise kuti CT inoshanda sei, zvakakosha kutarisa kumashure mune imwe nhoroondo.
Pakutanga, nzira chete yokutora mufananidzo wezvaiva mumusoro wemumwe munhu yaiva nekushandisa X-ray. X-rays ndiwo matanda emagetsi anowedzera kune zvakasiyana-siyana nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emaviri. Semuenzaniso, mhepo haifaniri kutora chero-x-rays, asi bone inobata zvakawanda. Kana tikaisa firimu inopesana nemafambiro e-x-ray, tinogona kuwana manzwiro ehuwandu hwema X-rays akapinda muchinhu (kwatiri, musoro), uye shandisa iyo ruzivo kuti tibatsire chimwe chinhu pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu tsvina iri kuongororwa.
Semuenzaniso, nokuti X-rays haipfu nepfupa rakaoma, vashoma chaizvo X-rays icharova firimu kana bone iri pakati pe -X-ray nzvimbo uye firimu. Muchiitiko ichi, firimu icharamba yakachena mumamiriro ehenya.
Kuti CT Scan Works
Computerized tomography yakagadzirwa kubva ku X-ray teknolojia, uye mazhinji emitemo yacho yakafanana. Muna CT, panzvimbo pokungotora mutsva mumwe wemurwere, iyo X-ray danda rinotenderera kumusoro pamatunhu akasiyana.
Mashoko e-X-ray anogadzirwa nekombiyuta kuti aumbe rudimbu rwezvifananidzo zvinotarisa sekuti uropi hwakanga hwakanatswa sechingwa chechingwa. Tsvina yacho inotanga kumusoro kweuropi uye inoshanda pasi kusvika kumucheto wehenya, ichiratidza zvivako zvakadai semhando dzakashata, mvura, bone, nemhepo.
Kungofanana nechekare X-ray, zvivako zvakaoma zvinowedzera kujeka muvaraidza pa CT scan uye zvinonzi se hyperdensities. Nzvimbo dzakaoma, zvakasiyana, dzinonzi hypodensities. Somuenzaniso, pfupa rinopenya rakachena pa CT scan, uye cerebrospinal fluid inoita rima. Uropi hunoonekwa mumumvuri we grey.
Kunyanya Kuipa Kunowanikwa paC CT Scan
A CT scan inogona kuona zvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana muhenya.
- Hemorrhage CT nyaya dzinobatsira zvikuru pakuona ropa uko zvisingabvi. Kushanda kwemazuva ano kunokonzera kubuda kwemvura kunobatanidza nguva pfupi, kuchiva kwakaoma uye nokudaro kunopenya zvakajeka pa CT sc scans. Pakupedzisira, jira racho rinoputsika nemuviri, kuva hutano hwakafanana nehuropi mushure mevhiki imwe chete, uye zvino kuonekwa masikati mushure memavhiki maviri kusvika matatu.
- Ischemic Stroke Kusiyana nekuita ropa, ischemic strokes, haisiwanzoonekwa kamwe pakarepo pa CT scan. Mushure memaawa anenge matatu, zviratidzo zvisinganzwisisiki zvinogona kuongororwa nevadzidzi vane unyanzvi hweC CT scans, uye mushure memaawa matanhatu kusvika ku12, kumwe kuwedzera kwehupodhi hunoonekwa munzvimbo yekurohwa. Izvi zvinenge zvichisviba uye nguva apo hutachiona hunosimbiswa uye hunosimbiswa ne- cerebrospinal fluid .
- Mishonga ine maitiro akasiyana pane CT scan zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere uye kuti kenza yakagadzirwa sei. Mimwe matumire ine calcification iyo inopenya kwazvo, uye vamwe vanoumba hypodense, makirusi anozadza mvura. Kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwemavara kunogona kubatsira pakutsvaga matumire pane CT scan.
- Kushushikana Chikamu chetachiona chirwere chekudzivirirwa nemasikirwo edziviriro chakavharidzirwa senzira yekuisa chisimbiso kubva kune imwe muviri wose. Mazivi anowanzoonekwa akaoma, uye zvakasiyana-siyana, ruyamu rwemunda hunogona kuonekwa kujeka.
- Misi YemaMasa Apo kuwedzera kunowedzera shure kwechikamu cheuropi, kunogona kufamba uye kubatanidza zvivako zvakakosha, kukanganisa utano hwemaitiro ehupenyu. Pamusoro peT CT scan, izvi zvinogadzirisa zvinogona kuonekwa seanosymmetry yemagadzirirwo akadai se ventricles kana sulci.
Mamwe Mapurojekiti Neurological ya CT Scans
CT zvidzidzo zvinogona kusanganiswa nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana kuitira kuti zvinyatsoongorora zvimwe zvikamu zvehurongwa hwemagetsi.
Somuenzaniso, kuitira kuti uve nemufananidzo wakanaka wemidziyo yeropa muuropi, CT ingiogram inogona kuitwa. Muchidzidzo ichi, kusiyana kunokonzerwa mukati memaariti kuitira kuti kusimbisa midziyo yeuropi. Izvi zvinobatsira pakutsvaga aneurysms nezvimwe zvinokonzera mishonga.
I-CT myelogram inogona kushandiswa kutsvaga cerebrospinal fluid space mumutsana. Kuti uite izvi, iodinated kusiyana dye inorohwa munzvimbo yacho nekugadzirisa kwemavara. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira pakutsvaga mutsara wemutsipa kana kupinha kwemutsara.
CT kugadzirisa zvidzidzo zvekare kunosanganisira kuisa mukana wokusiyanisa mukati memishonga, asi nguva ino, musiyano unoteverwa munguva chaiyo sezvainofamba kuburikidza nehuputi tissue. Iyi ndiyo nzira dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa kutsvakurudza ropa yemuchina basa kusati kwapera endovascular kurapwa kwakanyanya.
Zvakanyatsoitwa, CT zvinyorwa zvinogona kuva zvinokosha pakutsvakurudza kwezvirwere zvehutano, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidzira.
Sources:
Blumenfeld H, Neuroanatomy kuburikidza neCliniki Cases. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002.
Robert I. Grossman naDavid M. Yousem. Neuroradiology: The Requisites 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2003.