Epiretinal membrane chirwere chinowanzovhiringidzwa ne macular degeneration . Zvose zviri zviviri zvinokonzera macula, chikamu chinokosha chetina chinotitaurira zvakakosha, pakati, 20/20 chiratidzo. Zvisinei, mamiriro acho akasiyana zvachose uye anogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana. Kune mazita akasiyana-siyana epeperetinal membrane. Mazita akasiyana-siyana anobatsira kurondedzera matanho kana matambudziko emamiriro acho ezvinhu.
Mimwe mazita anowanzoshandiswa kurondedzera epiretinal membrane anosanganisira zvinotevera:
- Cellophane maculopathy
- Pre-retinal macular fibrosis
- Pre-retinal macular gliosis
- Macular pucker
- Vitreal-macular traction syndrome
Chii Chinonzi Membrane Epiretinal?
Chirwere chepurotendi chikamu chiduku, chisingasviki-chinyararire chinogona kuumbwa kumashure kwetina , kazhinji mukati me macula. Iyi membrane inogona kunge yakajeka uye yakaoma kuona.
Kwenguva yakawanda, izvi zvikamu zvakatumidzwa seCellophane maculopathy nokuti yakafanana neplastiki yeplastiki. Iro membrane iri pachena, asi paunenge uchitora iyo, inova yakanyunguduka uye isina kujeka.
Vamwe vanachiremba vemaziso vanotaura nezveperetinal membrane se-pre-retinal macular fibrosis, zvichiratidza kuti ndei uye kuti chii chakaitwa. Apo bhanhire rinobvumirana, rinogona kukonzera macula kuti ipucker uye kuve zvisiri kukanganisa kana kukwidziridzwa, saka zita rokuti "macular pucker." Apo vitreous inokundikana kubvisa kubva kuma macula, asi ichiri zvibvumirano, macula inogona kusimudzwa kana kukwidziridzwa.
Izvi zvinonzi "vitreal-macular traction syndrome."
Zvinokonzera
Zvinofadza kuti vanhu vazhinji vanovaka chikwata chepachirwere havana humwe zvirwere zveziso. Iyo inowanzokonzerwa nehutano hwekukwegura huri kuitika mu vitreous kuseka, gel rinozadza chikamu chekupedzisira cheziso.
Iyo vitreous inowedzera 80 muzana yeziso.
Iine mamiriyoni emagetsi akabatanidzwa kune retina. Sezvatinokura, vitreous inopera uye inobvisa kure nechepamusoro retina. Apo inodhonza, inonzi vitreous detachment uye inongova chikamu chepakutanga chekukwegura. Apo mumwe munhu ane mavhareti, vanowanzoona nzvimbo duku dzemavara mumatauriro avo kana kutenderera. Izvo zvikepe dzimwe nguva zvinoratidzika semachubhu zvinogona kutenderera mundima yavo yekuona.
Dzimwe nguva, sezvo vitreous gel inokwevera kure nechokumusoro kwetina, zvishoma zvinokanganisa zvinoitika kune retina. Mushure mekuparara kwechiitiko ichi, muviri unoedza kuporesa nzvimbo yakakonzerwa uye inoita zvishoma zviduku zvinokambaira kana tsvina. Ichi chivara chinoputika chinonzi seperetinal membrane. Sezvimwe kune dzimwe nzvimbo mumuviri wedu, dzimwe nguva izvi zvinokonzera ruvara ruvara zvinogona kubvumirana. Nemhaka yokuti iyi membrane yakanyatsobatanidzwa ne retina, sezvo membrane inobvumirana, inogona kuita kuti retina iwirirane kana kukanganiswa.
Kana izvi zvisikwa zvikafu zvaizogadzirisa chikamu chemuviri we retina yako, iwe ungadai usina kumbozviziva. Zvisinei, membrane iyi inowanzowanzo pa macula, chikamu chakaoma kwazvo chetina chinokonzera zvakakosha, zvakadzama, zvakaratidzwa mukati.
Apo bhanhire rinobvumirana pamusoro pe macula, tinoona kujeka uye kutsausa maonero.
Risk Factors
Zvakakosha kuratidza kuti vazhinji vedu vane ruzivo rwemashure emashure havasati vaenderera mberi nekunze kwepurotendi membrane. Kuwanda kwepurotendi yeperetinal muUnited States inenge 4 kubva muzana yevanhu vari pasi pe60 ne14 muzana mune vanhu vanopfuura makumi matanhatu. Zera rakajeka risati riri dambudziko guru rekuvandudza chipfupa cheperetinal membrane.
Zvimwe zvinokonzera ngozi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:
- Posterior vitreous detachment kubva mumatambudziko
- Kudzokorora kuchema
- Kuvhiyiwa kweziso
- Chirwere cheshuga
- Chikwangwani chechikepe chinoenda kune ziso
- Kupisa mukati
Zviratidzo
Iyo epiretinal membrane inogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira zvinotevera:
- Blurry chiratidzo
- Chioni chakaratidzwa
- Zviduku, kupenya kana kupenya kwechiedza
- Chiratidzo chinowanikwa kaviri
- Zvimwe zvingaita sehukuru hwakasiyana
Migumisiro
Vanhu vazhinji vanotambura necheperetinal membrane vanowanzokura maonero asina kunaka. Sezvo mamiriro acho achifamba, metamorphopsia inogona kukura. Metamorphopsia ishoko rinotsanangurwa rinoshandiswa kurondedzera kusawirirana kworatidzwa. Somuenzaniso, chimwe chinhu chinogona kuonekwa chikuru kana chiduku kudarika zvazviri chaizvo. Uyezve, mutsetse wakarurama unogona kuoneka wakakanganiswa kana chidimbu chacho chingasave chiripo.
Vanhu vanovaka ruvara rwepurotendi havakwanise kungovhiringidza maonero asi izvi zvisizvo zvinogona kunge zvichinyangadza zvikuru. Sezvo kushandiswa kwemaitiro kunowedzera, zviratidzo zvinogona kudonha kusvika 20/50 kana kupfuura. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vanokudziridza zvinyorwa zveperetinal membrane uye vangave vasina kumboziva kuti vane imwe. Muchiitiko ichi, membrane iripo, asi haina kubvumirana kuitira kuti kubwinya kwe retina kusamboitike.
Kunyanya kazhinji, vamwe vanhu vachakurira puckering ye macula uye zvakanyanyisa kusvibiswa. Pfungwa dzakakanganisika dzichakudziridzawo kana vitreous isingatauri uye inotanga kukwevera pa macula. Kana izvi zvichiitika, macular hole inogona kuumba. Zvichienderana nehukuru uye zvakasimba zve macular hole , zvakanyanya kukanganisika kwemaonero zvinogona kuitika.
Kuziva
Nhanho yekutanga pakutsvaga epiretinal membrane ndeyekutarisana nekuongorora kweziso . Zvawakaratidzwa zvichaongororwa kuti uone kuwanda kwemaonero ako. Meso ako acharamba achinjeka nemadonhwe anoona maziso. Wako retina inogona kuonekwa nemunhu chaiye chaiye anonzi bio-microscope anonzi chiedza chechigadziko. Epiretinal membrane inogona kuonekwa nechiri ichi.
Kuti uongorore kusimba kwepurotendi yepamuviri, muedzo unonzi OCT (optical coherence tomography) ichaitwa. OCT inoshandisa chiedza kuti zvionekwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvetina. Maminetsi, chiremba wako anogona kuona kuti iyo membrane inobata macula. Nenzira iyi, kufambira mberi kunogona kuongororwa nekudzokorora zviyero uye nokuzvifananidza navo kumatanho ekutanga kuti zvione kana zvinhu zviri kuwedzera kana kuwedzera.
Zvaunofanira Kuziva
Zvizhinji zveperetinal membrane dzinoda kuswedera pedyo. Kana chirwere chepurotendi chinotanga kukonzera kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwemaono, chiremba wako wekuona angakuendesa kune mumwe muongorori we retina. A retinal nyanzvi inogona kuita nzira iyo iyo membrane inonyatsorongedzerwa pa retina kuti idzorezve chiratidzo. Kana gomba rinowedzera mu macula, muongorori we retinal achaedza kugadzirisa gomba. Macular hole yekugadzira yekugadzira inowanzobatsira kubvisa chimwe chiratidzo. Kubudirira kwema macular yekugadzira kunowanzoenderana nekureba kwenguva yakave iripo.
> Kwakabva:
> Wong, JG, Sachdev, N., Beaumont, PE, Chang, AA "Zviitiko zvinotarisana nekutevera vitrectomy uye kufungidzira kweperetinal membrane." Clin Chimiro Ophthalmol . 2005; 33: 373-378.