Zviratidzo uye Kurapa
Zvinonzwika zvinotyisa, asi macular hole inongova gomba mu macula eziso rako. Iyo macula inzvimbo yakanyanyokosha yepakati retina inotipa isu kukwanisa kuona zvakanakisisa tsanangudzo. Tinoshandisa macula uye nepakati pechiratidzo kuti tione zvinhu zvakajeka kana tichiverenga kana kutyaira. Zvinowanzoitika kuvanhu vanopfuura makore makumi matanhatu, masero macular angakonzera kurasikirwa nokukurumidza kwepakati.
Zviratidzo
Makomba macular anowanzowedzera zvishoma. Pakutanga, iwe unogona kuona mairi asina kurasika paunenge uverenga, kutsausa maonero kana kuonekwa kwepakati mukati maziso. Mitsetse yakajeka inogona kuoneka yakakotamiswa kana yevy. Muchiitiko chikuru, iwe unogona kunge uine huwandu hukuru hwekuona kurasikirwa kana kuona kuti hapana chaipo mune zvawakaratidzwa.
Zvinokonzera
Iko kumashure kweziso iri izere ne-gel-soro inonzi vitreous. Iyo vitreous inonamatira retina mune dzimwe nzvimbo nemashizha maduku. Apo patinenge takura, vitreous inotanga kuvhara uye kuwira pachayo pachayo. Apo izvi zvinotanga kuitika, vitreous inogona kubva kune retina. Vakuru vakwegura havambooni izvi (izvo zvinowanzoitika) asi vanhu vashomanana vanoona " zvikepe " zvinogona kupinda uye kunze kwekuona kwavo. Zvinosuruvarisa, pane dzimwe nguva gel rinodhonza kubva kuma macula, zvakare, zvichikonzera macular hole. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zviduku zviduku zvakasungirirwa ku retina zvinogona kukonzera macula uye zvinokonzera macular hole.
Fluid inogona kuunganidza uye inokonzera kukanganisa kana kusvinura.
Mhando dzeMacular Holes
Makomba macular anosarudzwa kubva paukuru uye kubudirira. Kune zvikamu zvitatu zve macular hole:
- Chikamu 1 (macular cyst): A new macular hole dzimwe nguva inowanzoita se yellow macular cyst. Kusvika 50% ye macular cyst spontaneously inoenda uye macula inodzokera kune yakajairika.
- Nhanho 2 (kutanga macular hole): Cyst inotanga kutora pazhizha, crescent kana mabhiza. Chiratidzo chinotanga kuderera, kuchinjeka kana kusvibiswa. Kusvika ku70% yesero 2 mabhuni anoenderera mberi kusvika padanho rechitatu.
- Chikamu chechitatu (uzere hwakazara macular hole): Chikamu chechitatu chinotsanangurwa nehukuru hwayo. Vanhu vane zvikamu zvitatu zvepakati vanowanzokura matambudziko makuru ekuona. Nhanho 3 macular holes inotsanangurwawo nemupendero wezvigunwe zvakakwirira.
- Nhanho yechina: Chikamu chechina macular chinenge chakafanana nechigamba chechitatu asi murwere anewo mushure mavharesi.
Kurapa kweMacular Hole
Kana macular hole inokonzerwa nekushungurudzika kana kuitika pamwe nedzimwe zvirwere zemaziso, chirongo chinogona kurapwa nemumwe mukana unobatsira wekubudirira. Makomba makuru uye makuru macular ane mukana wokuderera wokurapa.
Mabheji ekutanga macular anoongororwa anongororwa nemunhu anonzi optometrist kana an ophthalmologist. Dhigirii weziso rako angashandisa Amsler Grid kuti uone maonero ako epakati. Chiremba weziso rako anogonawo kuwedzera maziso ako uye kutora ma digital digital retinal. Imwe nyanzvi itsva inonzi " optical coherence tomography" inogona kushandiswa kuti iongorore iwe zvakanyanya kuti zvigone kuenderera mberi kusvika muchigarire 2 macular hole.
Chikamu chechipiri kana chikuru chema macular chinowanzorapwa nekuvhiyiwa kunoitwa neine retinal nyanzvi.
Kazhinji kuvhiyiwa kwekugadzirisa macular holes kunotenderedza kubvisa vheneresi gel uye kuitora iyo negasi chaiyo. Iyi gesi inobata miganhu ye macula pamwe chete kuti ipe kurapa. (Izvi zvinowanzoita kuti iwe ugadzire musoro wako munzvimbo yakatarisana-siyana kubva pane maawa mashomanana kusvika kumavhiki maviri zvichienderana nechiremba.Utsvakurudzo huri kuongorora kukosha kwechiito ichi, sezvo zvakaoma zvikuru kumurwere.)
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe uchikura ma macular mune rimwe ziso, unenge mukana we30% wekukudziridza imwe mune rimwe ziso. Kana iwe une macular hole mune rimwe ziso uye rimwe ziso rine posterior vitreous detachment, mukana wako wekuvandudza imwe macular hole inotanga kuderera.
Kana iwe ukacherechedza chero shanduko mukati memuono wako wepakati, ona chiremba weziso rako pakarepo. Kuwana kwokutanga uye kurapwa kwe macular kunokosha kuti zvive nemigumisiro yakanaka.
Kunobva:
Sowka, Joseph W, Andrew S Gurwood uye Alan G Kabat. The Handbook of Ocular Disease Management, Supplement to Review of Optometry, mapeji 35-36, 15 APR 2010.