Congenital hypothyroidism inoreva hypothyroidism - kushayikwa kana kushayikwa kwetachiona - pakuzvarwa.
Mune nguva yekuzvarwa patsva, kufungidzirwa kwepothyroidism hakusi nyore. Kunyange zvakadaro, kana iripo, inonyanya kukosha kuti iwanikwe nokukurumidza uye yakarapwa zvakanaka . Kukundikana kuita zvakanaka nekukurumidza kubata congenital hypothyroidism kunogona kupisa simba IQ uye kukura kwehupenyu.
Congenital hypothyroidism ichokwadi chimwe chezvinhu zvinowanikwa asi zvinokonzerwa nekurasika mupfungwa pasi rese.
Kune miviri miviri mikuru yekuberekwa kwe hypothyroidism: kusingaperi kuberekwa hypothyroidism uye nguva inokonzera congenital hypothyroidism.
Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism
Iro rudzi rwe hypothyroidism runoda kurapwa kweupenyu hwose, uye rine zvimwe zvinokonzera:
- Chikonzero chinowanzovhiringidzika chekuberekwa hypothyroidism chinhu chisina kuchena kana kukura kusina kukwana kwehutano hwetroroid, inozivikanwa se dysgenisis. Kunyanya, zvinowanikwa zviri pachena (ectopic) thyroid tissue ndiyo yakaremara yakaremara. Inenge zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvekuberekwa kwee hypothyroidism inokonzera dysgenesis.
- Vamwe vana vanogara nhaka zviremera mukukwanisa kugadzira uye kuviga hormone yekemikari. Iyi nhoroondo inenge inenge 10 muzana yematambudziko eukwepa hypothyroidism.
- Congenital hypothyroidism inogona kunge yakakonzerwa nechirema mune utachiona hwekutengesa hormone.
- Mune mamwe makomana, pakati pe hypothyroidism, iyo inosanganisira zvinetso zve hypothalamic kana pituitary, ndizvo zvinokonzera kuberekwa kwehana hypothyroidism.
Nguva Yechembere Yakabatana Hypothyroidism
Inofungidzirwa kuti 10 kusvika ku20 muzana yevana vachangoberekwa vane hypothyroid vane mamiriro mashoma emamiriro ezvinhu anozivikanwa sechinguva chekuberekwa kwehanai hypothyroidism.
Nguva yakawanda hypothyroidism muzvakaberekwa ine zvikonzero zvinoverengeka:
- Kushayikwa kweIodine muchecheche, iyo inokonzerwa nokusakwana kweyodini kunowedzera muamai
- TSH-receptor inovhara zvirwere (TRB-Ab) mumukadzi ane pamuviri ane chirwere chetachiona chemajini, kazhinji kechirwere cheGraves, achienda kune imwe nzvimbo yepentecenta uye anokonzera utano hwebasa re fetus, zvichiita kuti hypothyroidism ibereke. Izvi hazviitiki mumadzimai ose ane chirwere chemotokari yega autommune. Kazhinji, kana ichiita, hypothyroidism inogadzirisa inenge mwedzi mitatu kana mushure mokuberekwa sokuti amai vanorwisa zvirwere vanowanzobviswa kubva mucheche.
- Antithyroid drugs (PTU, methimazole) inotorwa nevakadzi vane pamuviri vane hyperthyroid vanoyambuka placenta, zvichiita kuti hypothyroidism muchecheche. Kazhinji, hypothyroidism inogadzirisa mazuva mashoma mushure mekuberekwa, uye hutachiona hwemaitiro hunodzoka mukati memavhiki mashoma.
- Kuberekwa kana kuzvarwa patsva kunokonzerwa neyodine yakanyanya, iyo inogona kukonzera nguva yakareba hypothyroidism. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushandiswa kwemishonga ineodod-based like amiodarone (inoshandiswa kurapa zvisina kuchena mwoyo miviri) muamai kana mucheche, kana kushandisa iodine-ine antiseptics kana vashandi vanosiyanisa.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Vavengi vachangoberekwa nehutachiona hwe hypothyroidism havana zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvechiitiko chacho.
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokuvapo kwevamwe vanaamai vane utachiona hwehomori, kana kuti mamwe maitiro ehutachiona anosara ega.
Asi, zvipatara zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira zvinotevera:
- Kuwedzerwa kuyerwa uremu
- Kuwedzera musoro mutsara
- Lethargy (kushaya simba, kurara kwenguva yakawanda, inoratidzika yakaneta kunyange kana yakamuka)
- Kufamba kwakaderera
- Kuchema kwekuchema
- Kudya zvinetso
- Kuramba uchimbomira, kubvongodza kana kuzere kusvika kune
- Rurimi rwakakurumbira
- Danda rakasviba
- Kupisa kwemuviri kwakadzika
- Nguva yakareba jaundice
- A goiter ( utachiona hwakawedzerwa )
- Abnormally low muscle tone
- Chimiro cheputi
- Cold extremities
- Mvere dzakatetepa dzinotsika pasi pahuma
- Ipepaniti yakakura
- A herniated bellybutton
- Zvishoma nezvishoma kukura, kusakwanisa kubudirira
Congenital hypothyroidism inowanzowanikwa mumucheche ane zvimwe zvekuberekwa kusagadzikana (kunyanya kusangana nemwoyo) uye Down syndrome.
Kuziva uye Kuziva
Congenital hypothyroidism inowanzoonekwa nekucherechedza kwevana vachangoberekwa, kazhinji kugadziriswa nechitsinho chepachiedza chakaitwa mumazuva mashomanana ekuberekwa. Muedzo unowanzotorwa mushure memavhiki maviri kusvika matanhatu mushure mekuberekwa.
Maererano nehutano renhau UpToDate :
"Kuchengetedzwa kwevana vose vakaberekwa iye zvino kunowanzoitika mumatunhu makumi mashanu eUnited States, Canada, Europe, Israel, Japan, Australia neNew Zealand, uye iri pasi pekuvandudzwa muEastern Europe, South America, Asia, uye Africa. , somuenzaniso, vana vanopfuura mamiriyoni mana vanoongororwa gore negore, zvichiita kuti vaone vana 1000 vane congenital hypothyroidism. Munyika yose, inofungidzirwa kuti mamiriyoni gumi nemana vacheche vanoongororwa uye 3 000 ne hypothyroidism inowanikwa gore negore. "
Apo chirwere chekutanga chekuongorora ropa chinoratidzira chinetso chinogona kuitika, kutevera kunowanzobatanidza mamwe mabasa eropa uye kunogona kusanganisira zvimwe zviedzo, zvakadai seyeroji yekufungidzira kuedza . UpToDate ine nhepfenyuro yakazara pamusoro pekusiyana kwekuongororwa nzira dzinoshandiswa kugadzirisa kuberekwa kwei hypothyroidism uye kuongorora zvikonzero zvayo.
Shoko kubva
Kana uine mwana akaberekwa ne congenital hypothyroidism, chii chaanofunga? Kana mwana wemwana wako akaonekwa paanenge aberekwa uye achibata nekukurumidza, kufungidzira kwakanaka. Maererano nekutsvakurudza, vana vanowanikwa pakuberekwa avo vanogamuchira kurapwa kwemavambo kazhinji vanowedzera kukura uye kubudirira, uye nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinorondedzera hapana misiyano muIQ.
Zvimwe zvidzidzo, zvisinei, zvakawana kuderedzwa kuduku mumashoko, mathemoni, uye IQ zvidzidzo, pamwe nekukanganisa kuduku mukuyeuka nekucherechedza mune vamwe vana vanodzorerwa kuhutachiona hwemazuva ose zvishoma nezvishoma, nekuda kwekurumidzirwa kuongororwa kana kupera zvishoma kutanga. Kutanga uye kwakakwana kurapwa kwekuberekwa kwe hypothyroidism , naizvozvo, kunyanya kukosha.
Kunobva:
> LaFranchi, Stephen. "Clinical Features uye Kuziva Congenital Hypothyroidism." UpToDate .