Kana iwe ukafamba mune imwe nzvimbo yekutengesa amai-uye-pop pamapera evhiki, unogona kuona kuti basa racho rinonoka. Mavhiki ekupedzisira ndezvenguva yekupedza mabhizinesi mazhinji, uye zvakawanda zvezvitoro zvinotengesa zvisiri pasi penguva dzepasi-dzenguva dzenguva sevhiki, masikati nemazororo.
Zvisinei, iwe unogona kushamiswa kuziva kuti kusagadzikana uye kusapedzisira kushanda munguva dzekunonoka kune ruzivo muzvipatara, zvakare.
Ichi chinoshamisa, chinonzi Weekend Effect, chakabatanidzwa nekuwedzera kufa pakati pevarwere vanobvumirwa kuchipatara. Mazuva ekupedzisira kweEvendende akabatanidzwawo kune zvimwe zvinetso zvakakomba, zvakadai sokubuda ropa uye utachiona.
Sezviri pachena, Weekend Effect inoparidzira nguva yekurapa kuponesa upenyu, uye nehurukuro dzinokurumidzira mune chimwe chipatara, musiyano wemaminitsi mashomanana unogona kunge wakakosha. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakabatanidzwa nehurombo hwekutsvakurudza (huongorori) hunoita hunovapo mukati mevhiki yekupedzisira uyewo kuderedzwa kwekuwana kune vanachiremba vakananga, avo vanowanzowanzo "kudanwa" uye vasina kuonekwa mumuzvipatara pakupera kwevhiki.
Kunyange zvazvo Weekend Effect yakanyorwa mune dzimwe nyika-kunyanya muUnited Kingdom iyo yakakonzera kunetseka kukuru-yakangobva kunyorwa muUnited States. Uyezve, kunyange zvazvo kune zvidzidzo zvinokundikana kutsigira zvazviri, humwe humwe humwe humwe hunoonekwa hunokurumidza hunoita sehunoti hunoratidza izvi.
Ngatitangei kutarisa mimwe mienzaniso yeChirungu cheKuteerera sezvinoratidzwa mumabhuku. Ipapo, tichaongorora kukosha kwechiitiko ichi.
Weekend Effect uye Stroke
Nekunatsiridzirwa mukuchengetedza, vanhu vakawanda vanorwara zvirwere vanoramba varipo. Kunyange zvakadaro, mune chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa chakaitwa muna 2015 chakabudiswa mu PLOS ONE, vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti Weekend Effect iri kurarama uye iri muUnited Kingdom.
Muchidzidzo ichi chekudzoka, vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora kufa kwevanhu (kureva, rufu) pakati pevanhu 37 888 vakabatwa nechirwere muchipatara pakati pegore ra2004 ne2012. Pakaenzaniswa nevhiki vhiki yakagamuchirwa kuti iite chirwere, kufa kwemazuva manomwe mushure mekupera kwevhiki kwaive ne19% yakakwirira-kunyange zvazvo paiva ne21 muzana vashoma vanogamuchira! Kuongororwa kwemashoko kwakagadziridzwa kwezera, zvepabonde uye 11 ma-morbidity, kana zvimwe zvirwere zvisingaverengeki, kusanganisira zvipembenene, zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzera chirwere , chirwere cheshuga , uye chirwere chemaitiro .
Zvinyorwa, muchidzidzo ichi, kufa kwaive kwakaderera muchipatara neine chikwata chekuzvitsaurira. Uyezve, kufa kwaive kwakakwirira kune kurohwa nechikonzero chisingazivikanwi kupfuura chakanga chiri cheperection infarction, umo ropa rinopindira neropa ruchienda kuuropi.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora zvakare zvinokonzerwa nezvimwe zvitatu zvinokonzerwa nekufa kwechirwere: kubvumirwa mumwedzi yechando, kubvumirana kwevanhu vakawanda uye kuchipatara zvakanyanya uye nzvimbo yakakura pakati pevarwere vanogara uye chipatara pachako (kupfuura makiromita makumi maviri). Kunyange zvazvo zvavakawana zvakanga zvisingaverengeki zvinoremekedzwa nekuremekedza kune dzimwe mhando dzakasiyana pamusoro pekufa kwevanhu, vatsvakurudzi vanotaura kuti izvi zvimwe zvitatu zvinogona kunge zvichiramba zvichiita mukana wehupenyu hwevarwere mushure mekurohwa.
Vhiki yeTendendendwe yakave ichicherechedzwawo nekuremekedza kufa kwechirwere muUnited States. Mutsamba yekutsvakurudza inonzi "'Weekend Effect' kana kuti 'Mugovera Effect'? Kuongororwa Kwekurapwa Kwezvipatara Kwevarwere Vane chirwere cheIschemic Stroke muSouth Carolina, "vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora zvose zvakaoma ischemic stroke hospitalizations (mamiriyoni 20 187) muSouth Carolina pakati pe2012 na2013. Vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora kuwandisa kwekufa kune varwere vanobvumirwa nekurohwa maererano nezuva yokubvuma, uye uku kufa kwevanhu vasina kumira kwakagadziriswa nekuda kwepabonde, makore, rudzi, gore rekugamuchira, nguva yekubvumirwa, mubhadhadzi wekodzero, uye Charlson Comorbidity Index (chiyero chinosanganisira mamwe marudzi akasiyana-siyana anorarama).
Pakati pevagari veSouth Carolina varwere, kufa kwechisimba kwakange kwakakwirira pamusi weMugovera saka kujekesa kupera kwevhiki kune rimwe zuva.
Pane imwe nhoroondo yakabatana, migumisiro iyi kubva kuUnited States yakaratidza kuti kushungurudzika kwepuroke kwakakura pakupera kwevhiki saka zvinoratidza chikwidziro chakakwirira chokugamuchirwa; varwere vakabvumirwa nokuda kwekurohwa mukati mevhiki vemazuva ose vairwara kupfuura avo vakabvumirwa mukati mevhiki. Izvi zvinogona kuvhiringidza migumisiro uye kutsanangura zvimwe zvekusiyana kwekufa. Mune mamwe mazwi, nokuti varwere vane chirwere chekurohwa avo vakabvumirwa pamusoro pevhiki vainge vava kurwara, vanogona kunge vari kuwedzera mungozi yekufa.
Kupera kwevhiki neChirwere chekurapa
Muchidzidzo che2014 chakabudiswa mu Journal of Pediatrics , vatsvakurudzi veYohn John Hopkins University vakatsvaga Weekend Effect pakati pemakore makumi mana nemakumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemana makumi mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemakumi matanhatu nemakumi mashanu. uye kugadzirirwa mukati (ORIF) , kuiswa kwekuvhiya kwekuvhiya, kana kuongororazve chirongwa chokuvhiya.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti kufa kwaive kwakakwirira pakati pevana vaive nekuvhiya kwevhiki kwepamusoro kupfuura kwaiva pakati pevana vaive nekuvhiya kwevhiki. Uyezve, vana vakagamuchira kuvhiyiwa panguva yekupera kwevhiki vakanga vari pangozi yakakura yokurasikirwa neropa uye kuwedzerwa ropa, mavanga ekuvadzwa, kuputika kwechirema (zvinokuvadza dehiscence) nemimwe migumisiro yakaipa. Sezvimwe nedzimwe ongororo dzinoongorora Mazuva Ekupedzisira, izvi zvakawanikwa zvakasununguka kune zvimwe zvirwere uye zvirwere zvezvipatara.
Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti rufu rwechipiri nekuvhiya kwevana haruwanike muUnited States nedzimwe nyika dzakabudirira. Zvisinei, migumisiro yechirongwa ichi ine chirongwa chechirongwa chekuchikoro nokuti Weekend Effect ichiri kubatanidzwa nekawanda kerufu, uye rufu rwakadzivirirwa rwemwana mumwechete kurasikirwa kukuru kumhuri, shamwari, uye munharaunda.
Weekend Effect uye Emergency Department
Pakupera kwevhiki uye dzimwe nguva dzenguva, dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira ndiyo nzvimbo iyo vakawanda varwere vechirwere vanobvumirwa kubva. Mune chidzidzo che2013 chakanzi "Usatora Kurwara Kwemavhiki Ekupedzisira: Kuongororwa Kwemazuva Ekupedzisira Kwekufa Kwevarwere Vanoshanyira US ED," vatsvakurudzi veYunivhesiti yeMichigan vakatsvaka humwe humwe hutachiona hweMazuva Ekupedzisira pakati pevarwere vanobvumirwa kuchipatara nenzira dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira.
Muchidzidzo ichi chekudzorera, 4 2 25973 mhosva dzinomiririra 20 muzana yekubvumirwa kwevose kuitika nenzira yebazi rekukurumidza muna 2008 rakaongororwa. Mavhiki ekupedzisira akaonekwa muzaniso iyi, uye vanhu vakawanda avo vakabvumirwa mukati mevhiki vakapera kune avo vakabvumirwa pamasikati. Izvi zvakagadziriswa zvichiratidzirwa pasinei nemari yekuwana mari, nzvimbo yehushuwarisi, huwandu hwezvipatara (hurumende kana hupfumi), nzvimbo yekudzidzisa zvipatara uye kuverengera mukamuri yekukurumidza. Uyezve, Weekend Effect yaive ichiratidzwa pachena pakati pezvirwere gumi zvinowanzozivikanwa, zvakadai sitiroko, kurwisa kwemwoyo, kukuvadza uye kukuvadza musoro, zvichiratidza kuti chinhu ichi chakanga chisinganyatsozivikanwi kune chimwe chinorwara.
Zvatisingazivi
Kunyange zvazvo kuderedzwa kwevhiki kwevashandi kunofungidzirwa sarudzo yakajeka yeWedend Effect, hatisi chokwadi chechikonzero chaiicho chechiitiko ichi. Semuenzaniso, hatizivi kana nyaya idzi dzebasa dzinosanganisira vanachiremba, nyanzvi, vanachiremba kana mamwe masangano. Isu hatizivi kana kuwedzera kwechipatara ichigara uye kutapiswa kwemakore ekupera kwevhiki kwakaita basa. Zvinonyanya kukosha, kuchinja kwevhiki kwevhiki kushanduka kunotaridzirwa kunogonawo kuita kuti izvi zviitike.
Pakupedzisira, zvidzidzo zviripo zvinoongorora Weekend Effect zvakakosha kuburikidza nekudzoka kwavo (kwete randomized-control) kugadzira, nekuwedzera kutsvakurudza kunofanira kuitwa kuratidza mamwe mazano chaiwo. Panguva ino, ingangove pfungwa yakaipa kusarudza kusarura kana kukaramba mari inobata basa kune zvipatara.
Zvose Izvi Zvinorevei?
Ngatimboongororei izvo Weekend Effect inorevei kune mumwe nomumwe. Mune zvidzidzo zvakataurwa, izvi zvakaitika zvakaratidzwa pakati pevanhu vachibvumirwa kuenda kuchipatara kune mharidzo yakaoma uye inokurumidza. Nemhaka yokuti idzi dzakanga dziri matambudziko epakukurumidzira, varwere vakanga vasina kutonga nguva yehurukuro uye vakanga vasingakwanisi kusarudza kana kupinda muchipatara pane vhiki yevhiki kana vhiki.
Saizvozvowo, kana iwe kana munhu waunoda akawana chirwere chekukurumidzira, kupindira kunoda kuva nekukurumidza pasinei nezuva. Mune mamwe mazwi, kurwisa kwemwoyo kunowanikwa musi weMugovera hakugoni kumirira kugovera kweMuvhuro. Uyezve, tapota tsunga moyo kuti pasinei nekunetseka pamusoro peWedend Effect, kutarisirwa kunoitwa nehuwandu hwezvipatara zveUnited States hwakanaka uye hunotevera hutachiona hwehutano-hudzivirirwa kufa hazviwanzoitiki kunyange pakupera kwevhiki.
Panzvimbo yekutaura kune mumwe munhu, zvigumisiro zvezviongorori izvi zvinonongedza pane imwe nyaya huru yakatarisana navanachiremba, vatungamiri, vamiririri, nevatsigiri vezvematongerwo enyika: sei kuderedza kufa kusingadikanwi kwakabatanidzana nekusawirirana mune zvekuchengetwa kunowanikwa pakupera kwevhiki uye dzimwe nguva dzenguva. Nezvinotarisirwa nehutano hwekuchengetwa kwehutano, kune zvakawanda zvekutaura nezvekuchera mari. Zvisinei, tinofanira kufuratira rhetoric uye gingerly fungai zvigaro zvinoshandisa kushanda kana kuti hutano hwekuchengetedza muhutano hwehutano.
Kana chipatara chiri kushanda pakupera kwevhiki, iyo inofanirwa kunge inofanirwa kunge iripo. Zvipatara hazvigone kushandiswa kana zvasvika kune zvishandiso uye kushanda. Uyezve, kana shanduko dzichichinja uye kutarisa kwekutaridzirwa kunotamiswa, hakufaniri kuve nekusavhirwa mumabasa anokonzerwa nekushanduka uku. Pakupedzisira, kana chipatara ichikwanisa kupa humwe hutano hwekuchengetedza mukati mevhiki nevhiki, hazvina mubvunzo kana zvichifanira kupa vhiki yekubatsira kune vose. Kunyanya, zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti 24/7 kusvika kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakagadziriswa nedzimwe nzvimbo, zvirwere zvinotambudza, uye vana vehutano hwakasimba-zvirongwa umo kusvikirwa nekuwanikwa kwevashandi nguva dzose zvinogara-zvose zvakaratidza kukwanisa kupedza Weekend Effect.
Nguva inotevera paunonzwa wezvematongerwo enyika achitaura nezvekucheka kwehutano hwehutano, tapota funga kuti izvi zvitsva zvinogona kushandura mumigumisiro inotitambudza isu tose, semusangano weWendend Effect. Chipatara haisi nzvimbo yekutengesa amai-uye-pop apo iwe unogona kumirira kwenguva yakareba kwekombiki kana mapeji emakungu asina zvinetso zvehutano hwako. Chipatara inzvimbo iyo nguva uye ruzivo rwehuwandu hunokosha uye huwandu hwemaminitsi.
> Sources
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> Roberts SE, et al. "Kufa kunotevera Stroke, Weekend Effect uye Related Factors: Record Linkage Study." PLoS ONE . 2015.
> Sharp AL, Choi H uye Hayward RA. "Usarwara pamapera evhiki: kuongororwa kwevhiki yekupedzisira kwekufa kwevatwere vanoshanyira US ED." American Journal of Emergency Medicine . 2013; 31.
> Shi, L, et al. "'Weekend Effect' kana kuti 'Mugovera Effect'? Kuongororwa kwekufa kwezvipatara kune varuviri vane chirongwa cheIschemic Stroke muSouth Carolina. " Kurwisana . 2016; 134: 1510-1512.