Kudzivirirwa Nehutano Hwakanaka
Tose taona zviratidzo muzvikepe zvekudyara zvichiti: "Vashandi vanofanira kushamba maoko avo vasati vadzokera kubasa." Shigellosis, chirwere chekurwara chinokonzerwa nemaabhakitiriya, ndechimwe chezvirwere zvakasiyana siyana zvinogona kudzivirirwa nyore nyore nehutano hwakachena uye kushambidza maoko kakawanda .
Species Names
Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae
Rudzi rwe Microbe
Gram-negative bacteria
Iyo Inopararira
Shigellosis inopararira nemunhu-kune-munhu kuburikidza nefecal-oral path (kana kuiswa kwezvinhu zvakasvibiswa mushure mekufamba kwemuviri). Yakave ichibatanidzwa mumarudzi akawanda emhuka. Zvokudya vanotakura vane uhu hwakachena, zvakadai seavo vasina kushambidza bhakitiriya zvachose mushure mokunge vadziya, vanogona kuparadzira chirwere chacho. Inogonawo kupararira kuburikidza nenhunzi, kushambira, uye kubatana kwemaawa panguva yepabonde.
Ndiani ari pangozi?
Vanhu vose vari pangozi. Kazhinji zviitiko zviri mudiki vasati vakura-vana vane makore, kunyanya avo vanoenda kune vekuchengetedzwa kwemasikati. Izvo zvinowanzozivikanwa muzhizha uye nguva yekuwa. Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, vanenge 14 000 mhaka dzeShigellosis dzinoparidzwa gore negore muUnited States. Iko kune zvingangodaro dzakawanda dzisina kutaurwa. Kusanganisira nyaya dzisina kufanirwa, kune zviuru zvinenge 300 000 gore negore. Munyika dzichiri kusimukira, chirwere ichi chinogona kuva chakakwirira uye chirwere chinogona kuuraya.
Ndiani ari pane zvimwe ngozi?
Kunewo mamiriro eDrug-Resistant Shigella ari kukonzera kushushikana. Izvi zvinowanzosimbiswa ne Cipro (Ciprofloxacin) inowanikwa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Ikoko kunewo Azithro-resistant Shigella. Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa kune vanofambisa kudzokera kuU.S. kubva kune dzimwe nyika kune dzimwe nyika. Inenge hafu yezvirwere zvinopesana nemishonga zvinowanikwa pakati pekudzoka vafambi.
Kazhinji kufamba kune kuSouth Asia. Kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kunobvisa chirwere chekufamba kwemafirimu kunogona kuwedzera mukana wekuunza mabhakitiriya asingagadziri kumusha (zvisinei kwete Shigella). Panewo mhaka dzakapararira pakati pevarume / varume vevarume nevarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume (MSM).
Zviratidzo
Zviratidzo zvakakomba zvinosanganisira fivha, kurwadziwa kwakadzika mumimba kwepasi, uye chirwere chinoparadza ropa nemucheka.
Kuziva
Gram-stain uye tsika yechigaro.
Prognosis
Kazhinji inopera mukati ma5 kusvika kune mazuva manomwe; hospital hospitality is rare.
Kurapa
Kazhinji hazvidiwi, asi maantibayoti anogona kuderedza chirwere chacho. Anti-diarrheal mishonga inofanira kudziviswa sezvo ichidzivirira kuti microbe isabva pamuviri uye inogona kuita kuti vanhu varware. Ndapota chengeta iwe hydrated. Kana iwe, mwana, kana mumwe munhu ari kushaya mvura, unogona kudana unyanzvi hwehutano. Iwe unogona kunwa kunwa mvura inogona kukuita zvakare neshuga uye imwe munyu.
Kudzivirira
Kushamba maoko uye utsanana pakati pevakuru nevana zvakakosha zvikuru. Zvakakosha kuti maoko uye zvokudya zvinoshambidzwa mumvura yakachena. Izvi zvinotenderera pane uko kushanda kwehutano hwemashamba. Hakuna mushonga unowanikwa. Zvakakosha kutevera nzira dzehutsanana mushure mekushandura vana vadiki uye mushure mekushandisa imba yekugezera.
Maitiro Anokonzera Matwere
Kupindira kweShigella kunokonzerwa nekupinda kwebhakitiriya kupinda mubato remukati mudumbu, uko kunowedzera. Zviratidzo hazviwanzovamba kwemaawa 12-96 mushure mokunge zvaratidzwa kune mabhakitiriya. Mushure memazuva maviri kusvika ku7, mabhakitiriya anopinda mumukati mukuru. Mimwe mhando inobereka "Shiga toxin" inokonzera kuvhiringidzika uye kuchengetedzwa kwemukati wemvura. Iyo inopinha inokuvadzawo mararamiro emuviri wemukumbo mukuru uye impso.
Kusurukirwa
Kana kamwe utapukirwa, hazviitike kuti utapukwe nehumwe rudzi rweShigella, nemhaka yehutachiona hwemapurisa. Zvisinei, hutachiona hwemamwe marudzi hunenge huchiripo.
Matambudziko
Utachiona hunogona kukonzera kupera simba. Kana iyo tsvina inokuvadza itsvo, inogona kutungamirira ku hemolytic uremic syndrome. Vanenge 2 kubva muzana yevanhu vane Shigella flexneri vanokura "mushure mekutapukisa arthritis", ine zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kurwadziwa pamwe chete, kuvhiringidza kweziso, nekurwadza kunorwadza. Iwe unofanirwa kutaura nachiremba wako kana mukoti pamusoro pokudzivisa chero ipi zvayo zvinetso zvakakomba zvakanyanya. Chirwere chinokusiya iwe kurwara kwekanguva chinogona kutungamirira kune dzimwe matambudziko ehutano, saka zvakakosha kutaura nemutano wehutano pamusoro pemibvunzo ipi zvayo.
Mune mamwe mazwi, kugeza maoko ako (uye zvokudya) mumvura yakachena kunokosha zvikuru. Iwe haudi chinhu chipi nechipi chinofanira kunge chiri pasi peimba chimbudzi chinoshatisa izvo iwe unodya.
> Sources:
> Shigella spp. FDA Book Bug Bad. Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms uye Natural Toxins Handbook.
> Shigellosis General Information. CDC DFBMD.