5 Weird asi Nhengo Dzinobatsira Dzakabatwa neMishonga Inodhaka

Dzimwe nguva zvinodhaka zvinodhaka zvisingadiwi

Izwi rokuti "side effect" rinowanzowana rap yakaipa. Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti migumisiro yechirwere yemishonga inenge yakaipa. Zvisinei, maererano neAAA Manual of Style , rutivi rwomugumisiro runongova "chikonzero chechipiri chekurapa (kazhinji zvinodhaka-zvinotengeswa) zvinoshandiswa kururamisa mamiriro ezvinhu ehutano" uye zvinogona kuva zvakakosha kana zvinokuvadza. Kune rumwe rutivi, "zvinokanganisa," "zviitiko zvinotambudza," uye "kutendeuka kusina kunaka" mhinduro dzakaipa dzerapi.

Zvichida hazvifaniri kushamisika kuti mishonga yakawanda inoguma yakasiyana nedzakashandiswa. Mushure mezvose, kana zvichishandiswa, zvinodhaka izvi zvinopararira mumuviri wose uye zvinoratidzwa kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvehutano, kusanganisira kubuda kwepachiviri, kuporesa, uye zvirwere zvekutya.

Heano zvinhu zvishanu zvisingazivikanwi uye zvinobatsira zvinowanzoitwa nemishonga inowanzopiwa.

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Proscar uye Kukura Kwebvudzi

Proscar imishonga inoshandiswa kurapa benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) . BPH ndiyo chirwere chepachirwere umo prostate gland (inowanikwa mumarume) inodzivisa urethra uye nokudaro kubuda kwemuti. BPH inenge isina kunaka, inokonzera zviratidzo zvekuvhenekera, zvakadai sokutengesa kwekuvhenekera, kusazeza, kukurumidzira uye kuderera kwemvura.

Proscar inhibits 5a-Reductase, intracellular enzyme inoshandura testosterone ku dihydrotestosterone. Mukuita kudaro, Proscar inoderedza hukuru hwe prostate munguva yemwedzi uye inoderedza zviratidzo zvekuvhara urinary.

Izvo zvinoshandiswa muPrescar is finasteride, iyo inosanganisira iyo inoshandiswa muProtepia, chirwere chinotorwa kuti chikurudzire kukura kune avo vane mazhenje evarume . Mune mamwe mazwi, murume ane mhanza anotora Proscar kuti arape BPH anogonawo kuona hura hukura.

Zvinonzwisisika, kuiswa kwepinaripiti muProscar kunonyanya kukwirira kudarika kuiswa kwayo muPropecia. Mune mamwe mazwi, vanhu vanotora mari yekugadzirisa mari yeBPH vanotora mairi 5 mg pazuva pazuva kwemwedzi yakawanda; asi, avo vanotora mari yemari yekurasikirwa nevhudzi vanotora inenge 1 mg pazuva pazuva.

Ndapota taura nechiremba wako usati watora Proscar, Propecia kana imwe mishonga yemishonga. Chiremba wako achaziva kuti zvii uye zvirapa, kana zviripo, zvakakunakira iwe.

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Baclofen uye Heartburn Relief

Baclofen isumbu inosuruvara inosvibisa iyo inhibits kutapurirwa kwemafungiro ari pamwero wepelinha. Iyo inoshandiswa kurapa musimba kupisa . Kusarura kunosanganisira kupesana kusingaperi uye kusingadikanwi kweimwe kana mamwe mapoka emasumbu. Kunaka kunokonzerwa nokukuvara kana kutukwa (somuenzaniso, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis kana kuti chirwere) kune uropi kana musana weropa.

Kuoma kwepasticity kunoita kuti mutambo wacho uve munyoro uye unongotambudza kune hukuru uye kusagadzikana. Maitiro makuru anogona kutungamirira kune zvibvumirano, kusagadzikana, uye kubata (AKA zvinosuruvara zvironda kana kusuruvara kwechiremera).

Zvakakosha kubata chirwere chakashata nokuti chiitiko ichi chinogona kukonzera marwadzo, kukanganisa mafungiro, kukanganisa kurara uye kukanganisa kufambisa pamwe chete nekuvhiringidza kukwanisa komunhu kugoverana mumabasa ezuva rega rega, sehutano hwekuchengetedza, kushandisa shambiso, kupfeka, nekudya. Kukundikana kubata chirwere chepasticity zvakanaka kunogona kutungamirira kukuora zvachose, kana kugadzirisa maradaptive, kusanganisira chibvumirano chematon uye zviduku zvishoma uye kupfupisa kwemisungo.

Mukuwedzera pakurapa zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri wezvisikwa, zvakadai sekuora, kuputika, uye kupera, baclofen inogonawo kuwedzera zviratidzo zvegastroesophageal reflux chirwere (GERD) . GERD inokonzerwa nokusununguka kusinganzwisisiki kwepasi esophageal sphincter (LES), iyo iri pakati pekuvhara uye mudumbu uye inobvumira kudengenyeka kwezvokudya pamwe nemutsara wepamuviri. Apo soro reesophageal sphincter rinodzokorora zvisiri izvo, zvirwere zvemuviri zvinenge zvichinyatsofuratira zvinodzoka zvakare muhuputi zvichiita kuti zviratidzo zveGERD, zvakadai sokuputika, kuora, kurwadziwa, kurwadziwa kwepfupa uye kuoma kunomedza.

Mune vamwe vanhu vane GERD, baclofen inogona kuvandudza zviratidzo zvechiitiko ichi nokuti inodzivisa kutapudza kweL LES kuzorora (TLESRs), kunyanya mushure mekudya (postprandial). Kutsvakurudza kwakawanikwa kunoratidza kuti ichi chirwere chinoderedza nhamba yeTLESR ne40 muzana Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvine chokuita, kurapwa kweGERD ne baclofen iri kunze kwemavara uye inowanzochengeterwa vanhu vasingagamuchiri (vanoramba vachiratidza) kuvhiringidza neproton pump inhibitors ( PPIs) .

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kunyange zvazvo gastroenterologists dzacherechedza mukuita kuti GABA-B agonist baclofen inobatsira nezviratidzo zveGERD, mukuedza kuongororwa, izvi hazvina kunyatsojeka. Munguva yapfuura, makambani matatu emishonga akaedza kuvaka GABA-B agonist mukurapa GERD: AstraZeneca, Xenoport uye Addex Pharmaceuticals. AstraZeneca's lesogaberan yakaita kuti ive yakanyanyisa mukuongororwa kwekliniki; zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti mishonga iyi haina kubatsira neGERD.

Pachinyanya kuongororwa, vatsvakurudzi vakaratidza kuti chikonzero chekuti lesogaberan haina kuratidza kuti chirwere chinoshanda mumakiriniki emu AstraZeneca ndechokuti chikwata chevarwere chekudzidza chakasiyana zvikuru. Vatsvakurudzi vakaedza lesogaberan kune vanhu vakasiyana-siyana vane GERD refractory kune PPIs. Pane kudaro, vanhu vazhinji vanogona kuratidzirwa nezviratidzo zvavo zvinowanzovapo (somuenzaniso, kuchema, kukanganiswa kana kuputika); saka, vatori vechikamu vanofanira kunge vakangosanganisira avo avo vainyanya kutambura nekuramba vachiratidza, kana kudzokerazve, vakawana TLESs sechikonzero chekutsvaira uku, uye vairambidza kurapwa nemaPIs.

Mune mamwe mazwi, vanhu vane GERD yekare iyo kushungurudzwa kwechepasi kweesophageal sphincter nguva dzose iri pasi, zvichida hazvibatsiri zvakanyanya kubva mukurapa ne baclofen. Pane kudaro, baclofen inogona kubatsira vanhu vane reflux yakakura vanoona TLESR mushure mokudya. Aya maTLES anogona kunge ari kukonzera dhesi mucheperegeal esophageal sphincter, iyo inogona kuderedzwa nekushandisa baclofen.

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Viagra uye Improved Heart Chibvumirano

Isu tose tinoziva kuti Viagra (sildenafil) inobatsira varume kuita zvepabonde. Kunyanya, inowedzera ropa richiyerera kusvika muchirume nekuzorodza musingafadzi. Mukuwedzera pakugadzirisa zvirongwa, Viagra inogonawo kuva nemigumisiro inobatsira zvikuru yekuvandudza utano hwemwoyo.

Migumisiro inobva muna 2014 meta-analysis yakabudiswa muBomC Medicine inoratidza kuti phosphodiesterase aina 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, seViagra, ine zvinhu zvisingatauri uye inogona kukurudzira kushushikana kwepfungwa (inotropism). Ava vanotsvakurudza vanofungidzira kuti Viagra nedzimwe PDE5 inhibitor zvingabatsira mukurapa mwoyo hypertrophy uye kutanga kwekutanga mwoyo kusakundikana .

Nyaya, tinenge tine zvakawanda zvokunzwisisa pamusoro pemigumisiro ye PDE5 inhibitors pamweya wehutano. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvinonakidza kuona kuti zvinobatsira zveViagra zvinogona kupfuurira mberi kwekamuri.

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Mishonga yemakemikari mapiritsi uye mazinya anovandudzwa

Vasikana vaduku vazhinji vanoona kuti maitiro avo anowedzera zviri nani mushure mekunge vatora mishonga yemishonga inobata pamuviri (OCPs) kudzivirira kubata pamuviri. Iko kukuvandudza hakusi kwechiitiko uye kunokonzerwa nemahomoni anowanikwa mukuzvarwa kwepiritsi-estrogen uye progesterone.

Muna 2012, vatsvakurudzi veCochrane Collaboration vakatsvaga zvidzidzo zvakaongorora kushandiswa kweOCPs kumakemikari. Kubvunzurudzwa kwavo kwakaguma nekusanganisira zvidzidzo makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe nevarwere 12,579. Kuongorora kwaiva kwakasimba uye "kuenzanisa marudzi maviri ekuberekwa kwepiritsi mapiritsi, mapiritsi uye placebo kana 'dummy,' kana mapiritsi uye mamwe maitiro ekurapa."

Vatsvakurudzi vakawana kuti OCP inoshanda pakuderedza kusuruvara uye kusina kuvhiringidza zvipembenene zvechipiri kune zviso zvemaziso. Uyezve, vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti, zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzeesrogen uye progesterone iri mukati mavo, vamwe veOCP vakanaka kune vamwe mukurapa mazino. Somuenzaniso, mapiritsi aiva ne cyproterone acetate mukati mavo akashanda zviri nani kune avo vane levonorgestrel.

Ndapota fungai murangariro, zvisinei, kuti isu tisati tinyatsoziva kuti mhando dzipi dzemahomoni dziri muOCP dzakanakisisa pakubatsira nemagne, uye chero chirevo chekuti OCP imwe inobata hupenzi huri nani kudarika vamwe, sekunge zvakadaro, isina humwe.

Mune mamwe mazwi, kana mumwe muumbi weOCP achiuya kuzozivisa kuti OCP yayo inoshanda zviri nani kudarika OCP muiti wepamberi, zvino, sekusvika ikozvino, kudai uku hakusi kwehupupuri hwezvesayenzi hunogutsa. Zvimwewo, kana mumwe munhu akakuudza kuti ikozvino OCP iyo inotora inobatsira zvakanyanya nemaketeni kupfuura OCP yapfuura yaakatora, hapana chikonzero chezvino chesayenzi chemashoko aya, kana. Kutarisa mberi, zvingava zvinonakidza kuongorora kuti ndeapi maOCPs anobatsira nezviratidzo zvemakwenzi akawanda.

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Levodopa nekusika

Muzvinyorwa zvemabhuku ekurapa, kune nhoroondo yakareba inobatanidza neuropsychiatric mamiriro nekugadzirwa. Vanachiremba vane nguva refu vakacherechedza kubuda kweimwe itsva tarenda yekusika mushure mekuona foreotemporal dementia, kurohwa kana kuipa kwenguva.

Vanachiremba, zvisinei, vakangotanga kuongorora sangano pakati pevanhu vanotora levodopa nedzimwe dopamine agonist yePaleston's disease uye kubuda kwekugadzirisa zvitsva. Kufarira uku kunowanikwa neakaverengwa yevanhu vane chirwere chePasinson avo vakanga vasati vanyora kubudisa mabhuku uye nhetembo dzakaenderera mberi kugadzira kunyora magwaro. Uyezve, vanhu vane chirwere chePasinson avo vakanga vachitora dopamine agonists (Levodopa) vakacherechedzwa kuti vanyatsogadzira mifananidzo yakajeka mumifananidzo yakajeka.

Chimbofunga ndima inotevera kubva pamusana pebhuku ra2013 yakabudiswa muBehavioral Neuroscience , iyo inofungidzira nezvebasa rekuita dopamine semagadzirirwo ekugadzirisa zvinhu:

"Zvechokwadi zvinoshamisa kuti vose vanonzi PD [Parkinson's disease] vane zviratidzo zvekugadzirwa kwepamusoro zvakarapwa ne dopaminergic agents kusanganisira levodopa uye dopamine agonist. Kunyange zvazvo vamwe vanyori vakaratidza kuti basa revanhu vakagumburwa, zvinhu zvakafanana zvakaitika zvakare ne-nonergots. Izvozvo zvinoita sechidimbu chinodikanwa chematareji matsva aripo kana kuti kukurudzirwa kwechiripo chiduku; [sic] ndiko kuvapo kwePP uye kusvikirwa kwevavodopa uye dopamine agonist. "

Pachirevo chekupedzisira, chekucherechedza kuwirirana pakati peLevodopa nekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa kuchiripo, panguva ino, kunyatsofungidzira. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kunge zviri kutamba, zvakare, kusanganisira nzira dzehutachiona hwePasinson pachake, zvakadai sekudzivisa kana kuwanikwa kutsvaga.

Kunyange zvakadaro, pane imwe nzvimbo yekufungidzira kuti kurapwa kwechirwere chePasinson, chirwere chinoramba chichiwedzera chehurongwa hwenheyo iyo zvishoma nezvishoma inoderedza munhu wekufamba, inogona kukurudzira murwere kuti aumbe unyanzvi hwakaisvonaka. Uyezve, kukanganisa kwakadaro kunogona kuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu uye kupa chirwere chakakosha chebasa kune avo vane chirwere chaPasinson.

> Sources:

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> Kahrilas PJ, Boeckxstaens G. Kusakwanisa kwe reflux inhibitor mumakiriniki: miipi yakaipa kana varwere vakaipa? Postgrad Med. (89): 111-119.

> Mushonga weMosby's Drug Reference yeVashandi veHurumende 2nd Edition. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier; 2010.

> Rabow MW, Pantilat SZ. Kuchengetedza Kwepfungwa Nokurwadziwa Kwepfungwa. Mu: Papadakis MA, McPhee SJ, Rabow MW. eds. Kurapa Kwazvino Kwemishonga uye Kurapa 2017 . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2016.