Yellow fever inokonzerwa neFlavivirus. Vanhu vanowanzosangana nehutachiona kuburikidza nekurumwa kwemumonyo, uye inowanikwa muAfrica, Central America, uye South America. Zvisinei, kuputika kunogona kuitika kupi zvako munyika. Vanonyanya kunge vari munzvimbo dzine uwandu hwevanhu vakawanda.
Haasi munhu wose anorumwa nemusana ane utachiona acharwara, zvakadaro.
Mamwe mapoka evanhu anowanzobvumirana nehutachiwana hwechirwere ichi.
Zvinowanzokonzera
Kunyange zvazvo kurohwa kwemumukoma ndicho chinowanzokonzera yellow fever, haisi ivo chete chikonzero. Zvinokwanisika kubata yellow fever kana iwe wakarohwa nemukomana ane utachiona kana munhu. Ichokwadi kuti vanhu uye zvibhakana hazvikwanisi kukurira kupfuura mhutu, saka mhuka ine utachiona haiiti pedyo nehuwandu hwehutano.
Mamwe mhuka dzinonyangadza uye zvipembenene hazvisi ngozi nokuti vanhu chete, marangi, uye utumhi vanozivikanwa vane hutachiona.
Uyewo, haasi utsi hwose hunotakura yellow fever virus-chete mashomanana mashoma anozivikanwa kuti atakure. Uyezve, utsi uhwu hunoita kuti huve ngozi kana vakambotanga munhu ane utachiona kana mhuka. Mushure mokunge hutachiona huchipinda muropa remudumbu, rinopera mumaronda ayo. Apo utsi hunotituma, marashi avo anotakura muropa redu.
Zvirwere Zvipararira
Yellow fever haisi kupararira zvakananga kubva kune mumwe munhu kune mumwe, kwete kunyange kuburikidza nehukama hwepedyo-zvinotora chirwere chekutsvaga kuti utarise utachiona zvakananga muropa rako.
Kazhinji, kuputika mumaguta kunotanga nemunhu anoshanyira musango muAfrica, Central America, kana South America.
Munzvimbo idzodzo, yellow fever inoguma munyika 47, iyo inofungidzirwa kuti monkey yevanhu inowanzobatwa nehutachiona. Sub-Sahara yeAfrica iri kumba kune vanenge 90 muzana yezvakaitika zvayo gore negore.
Nemhaka yokuti munhu ane hutachiona haatangi kuva nezviratidzo kwemazuva mashomanana, ivo vanowanzoziva kuti vanorwara pavanodzokera kumba. Zvadaro vanogona kuparadzira hutachiona kumumhutu husina kuenzana kutanga zvishoma firipi isati yasvika uye kwemazuva matatu kusvika mashanu. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko. Zvinokonzerwa nekuputika kunotungamirira kune zvirwere.
Zvisinei, maererano neWorld Health Organization (WHO), mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anofanira kusangana kuti kuitika kuitika kuitika. Nzvimbo iyo munhu ane hutachiwana aripo anofanira kunge ane:
- Misi yemisi inokwanisa kuitumira
- Mamiriro ezvinhu akajeka (kureva, mvura inonaya mvura inonaya mvura, hunyoro hwakanyanya, miviri yemvura ichiri semakungwa)
- Iko muhomwe mukuru wevanhu kuti vatsigire
- Vanhu vakawanda vasingasviki
WHO inofungidzira kuti, munyika yose, tinoona vanenge 200 000 vakatarwa nyaya dze yellow fever gore negore. Vanenge 30 000 vanhu vanofa kubva kune rimwe gore negore.
Izvo zvinongova zviitiko zvinonzi, kunyange zvakadaro. Hatigoni kutaura kuti vanhu vangani vanoburuka nematambudziko maduku nokuti inowanzova yakaoma iyo inorondedzerwa.
Chimwe chekudzidza chakabudiswa muna 2014 chinofungidzira kuti pane imwe nzvimbo pakati pevanhu makumi manomwe nevane makumi mapfumbamwe vanotapukirwa zvinyoronyoro pamhosva dzose dzakashushwa.
Genetics
Vamwe vanhu vangave vanowanzofa kubva kune yellow yellow kupfuura vamwe kubva pamararamiro avo.
Chidzidzo chegore ra2014 chakabudiswa mupepanhau mBio inoshuma kuti munguva yekumazana kwezana remakore rechi19 muUnited States, rufu rwakanga rwakawanda kanomwe kanowanikwa muCaucasians (vatsvene) kudarika kune vasiri Caucasians. Vaifungidzira kuti musiyano wacho wakanga wakaberekwa nehutachiona hwekusiyana mune zvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri wemuviri.
Lifestyle Risk Factors
Inonyanya kukonzera njodzi ye yellow fever iri kurarama kana kuenda kunzvimbo uko yellow fever inowanzoitika.
Zvisinei, njodzi iyo inogona kuderedzwa zvikuru nekupora. Dzimwe nyika umo chirwere ichi chiripo hachizobvumi vanhu kupinda pasina uchapupu hwekuti vane chirwere.
Vacheche uye vanhu vanopfuura makumi mashanu vanowanzoita zvirwere zvakanyanya uye vanofa ne yellow fever.
Zvisinei, kudzivirira kwakakodzera kuderedza zvikuru njodzi yekugadzirisa chirwere ichi. Kune avo vanotapukirwa uye vane zviratidzo zvakakomba, kurapwa nokukurumidza kunokosha.
> Sources:
> Blake LE, Garcia-Blanco MA. Maitiro evanhu ekusiyana-siyana uye yellow fever kufa muma1900 emakore epademics eU.S. mBio. 2014 Jun 3; 5 (3): e01253-14. doi: 10.1128 / mBio.01253-14.
> Johansson MA, Vasconcelos PF, Staples JE. Iyo yose yechando: kuenzanisa kuitika kwe yellow fever virus utachiona kubva kuhuwandu hwemhosva dzakaoma. Zvinyorwa zveRoyal Society of Tropical Medicine uye Hygiene. 2014 Aug; 108 (8): 482-7. doi: 10.1093 / trstmh / tru092.
> World Health Organization. Yellow Fever: Chidimbu Chinyorwa March 2018.