Kazhinji kenza yemhando ine tumarara zviratidzo izvo zvakananga kwavari. Chii chaizvoizvo chinorehwa nemarara? Kumhanyira zvipfeko zvinhu zvinowanikwa muropa zvakakura zvakanyanya kudarika izvo zvingawanzova zviri kupararira. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kubva kune mapuroteni, amino acids, hormones, uye enzymes. Kunyange zvazvo vasingakwanisi kushandiswa zviri pamutemo kuti vaongororwe nekenza ivo pachavo, vanogona kutamba mabasa akawanda anokosha mukuongorora nekurapa kenza.
Chirwere chepachivande chine 3 chinowanzoshandiswa tumor markers: AFP, hCG, uye LDH. Izvi zvinokonzera maronda zvinogona kana kuti zvingave zvisingasimudzi zvichienderana nemhando yekenza yemukenza.
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)
Sezvo zita racho rinoratidza, AFP iprotini inobatsira panguva yekukura kwevana. Basa rayo kune vanhu vakuru harina chokwadi asi rinoramba riripo pazvinowanikwa. AFP inokosha mukenza yepamusoro nekuti inogona kushandiswa kusiyanisa pakati pezvikamu zviviri zvekenza chepenestoma: pure seminoma uye nonseminoma. Aya majekesti ane majekesheni akasiyana uye marapirwo, saka zvakakosha zvikuru ruzivo rwekunge uine chekuita chekenza yepenticular. Pakupedzisira, chirwere chinonzi subtype chinotsanangurwa nehutachiona hunotsvaga masero pasi pe microscope pamwe chete nedzimwe mimwe miedzo inokosha. Zvisinei, AFP inoramba ichikosha kune chimwe chikonzero chikuru: seminoma testicular kenza haina kubudisa AFP. Izvi zvinorevei?
Zvinoreva kuti kunyange kana chirwere chinoratidzira kemukoma chepeminoma testicular kana AFP ichikwidziridzwa, haisi seminoma yakachena uye haigoni kurapwa saizvozvi. Kana AFP ichionekwa, pane nonseminoma masero anouya pane imwe nzvimbo, kunyange dai vakanga vasina kuonekwa nekuongorora kwechirwere.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
hCG zvichida inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuda kwebasa rayo pakuberekwa.
Iyo inowanzobudiswa nemasero mukati memascenta uye inokura panguva yekuzvitakura. Ndiyo hormone yakawanda inoshandiswa pakuedzwa kwepamuviri, kusanganisira mimba yekuzvidzivirira pamuviri pamwe nekuongororwa kweropa kuchiitwa kuhofisi yechiremba. Masero emukenza anokwanisa kubudisa hCG uye anogona kuonekwa muzvikamu zviviri zvikuru zvekenza. hCG inozivikanwa nokuda kwekuti inogona kukonzera kuwedzera mazamu ekukura muvarume vanozivikanwa segynecomastia, iyo inogona, naizvozvo, kuva chiratidzo chekenza chephenyo.
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)
LDH ndiyo inonyanya kujekesa yemarara. Mune mamwe mazwi, kune dzakawanda zvirongwa, kunze kwekenza yepenticular, iyo inogona kuita kuti iwedzere. Semuenzaniso, zvose zvirwere zveropa uye red red cell sekuparadzwa zvichaita kuti zvive zvakakwirira. Inogona kukwidziridzwa mumashure maviri makuru emukenza we testicular.
Kushandisa uye Kukosha
Zvirwere zvinokonzera maronda zvine zvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana munguva yekuongorora, kurapwa, nekutevera. Mukuongorora, vanogona kubatsira kusiyanisa pakati peminoma uye nonseminoma testicular cancers . Kana zvirwere izvi zvinoramba zvichiri kukwira pakutevera kushandiswa kwekupararira kwechirwere chekenza, rinogona kuratidza kanhi rekugarisa kune dzimwe nzvimbo uye chemotherapy, chirwere chinowedzera kana chirwere chemaawa chingaratidzwa.
Mushure mokurapa, kukwirira kwechirwere chechirwere kunogona kuva chiratidzo chokutanga chekudzoka kwekenza, zvikurukuru mu nonseminoma kanzira.
Icho chinoyeukwa kuti zvipfeko zvinokonzera matumbo pachavo hazviwanzokosha zvakanyanya. Vanoda kuongororwa pamwe nedzimwe nhoroondo dzakadai sezviratidzo, zviratidzo uye zvidzidzo zvekufungidzira, zvakadai seC CT scans. Kumbira zvikwangwani kunofanirwa kuve nekunyatsonzwisisika munyaya yakarurama yezvinhu zvakawanda. Izvi zvakanakisisa zvakaitwa neoncology professionals kusanganisira vanachiremba oncologists, urologists, uye radiation oncologists.