Pane dzimwe tsika dzakasiyana, asi hapana vanhu vaviri vakafanana
Down syndrome inowanzoita chromosomal kusina kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekopi yepamusoro yekromosome 21. Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, inenge imwe yevanhu 700 inoberekwa neArt syndrome.
Kunyange zvazvo vana vane Down syndrome vane maitiro anozivikanwa uye zvinetso zvinowanikwa mune zveutano, zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti vana vakawanda vane Down syndrome vane utano.
Dambudziko ravo rekuwedzera humwe hutano hwezvechiremba, hwepfungwa uye hwepfungwa hungave hwakakwirira, asi kurapwa kunowanzofanana kune zvinetso izvi kana zvikaitika kune vana vane Down syndrome kana avo vasina Down syndrome.
Hazvibviri kutaura kuti zviratidzo zveArt syndrome zvinorevei kune munhu mumwe chete, kune zvimwe zvikamu zvakakwana, zvinetso zvehutano, nekukurumidza kunonoka kunobatsira vanhu vazhinji vane Down syndrome.
Unhu Hwakakurumbira Kune Vane Down Syndrome
Kusvika iye zvino, zvinopfuura 120 zvepanyama, zvirwere, uye zvepfungwa zvinorondedzerwa kune vanhu vane Down syndrome. Vese vacheche nevanhu vane Down syndrome vane zvimwe zviso zvemaziso, zvisikwa zvemuviri, zvinetso zvezvehutano, uye kucherechedza kwekuziva kunonoka kwakafanana.
Zvinhu uye zvinetso zvezvechiremba zvinosangana neA Down syndrome zvinosiyana zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvimwe zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira:
- Short stature
- Kunetseka kwepfungwa
- Kukura kunonoka
- Heart defects
- Matambudziko echitendero
- Akabatanidza misoro neminwe
Vana vane Down syndrome vanowanzotaurirana zvimwe zviso uye zvisikwa zvakadai sechitarisiko chepamusoro chechimiro, chikwidziro chekumusoro kumeso, zvinyorwa zviduku, uye rurimi rukuru kana ruzhinji. Pakuberekwa, vacheche vane Down syndrome vanowanzooneka "floppy" nemhaka yehutano hunoti hypotonia (pasi mutsipa tone).
Kunyange zvazvo hypotonia inogona uye inowanzofambira mberi nezera uye kurapa kwepanyama, vana vakawanda vane Down syndrome vanowanzosvika pakubudirira -kugara, kutamba, nekufamba-mberi kwevamwe vana.
Pakuberekwa, vana vane Down syndrome vanowanzowedzera mashizha, asi vanowanzokura zvishoma nezvishoma uye vanoramba vari vaduku kupfuura vamwe vana vemazera avo. Kune vacheche, kuderera kwematomu kunokonzera kukonzera matambudziko uye kunonoka kwemhepo. Vana vaduku nevana vaduku vangave vanonoka mukutaura uye mukudzidza kwakadai sekudyisa, kupfeka, uye chimbuzi kudzidziswa.
Unhu Hwokuvimbika
Vose vanhu vane Down syndrome vane hutano hwakanaka hwekuremara. Kana mwana wako ane Down syndrome, vanogona kudzidza zvishoma nezvishoma kana kunetseka nekufunga kwakaoma uye kutonga. Vana vane Down syndrome vanogona uye vanogona kudzidza, uye vanogona kukudziridza unyanzvi muupenyu hwavo hwose. Vanongosvika pane zvinangwa pane imwe nguva.
Pane kazhinji kusanzwisisika kwekuti vanhu vane Down syndrome vane "static" kana kukwanisa kugadziridzwa kuti vadzidze. Izvi hazvirevi chokwadi. Vanhu vane Down syndrome vanokura pamazuva ehupenyu hwavo uye vanofanirwa kurapwa zvakakodzera. Izvo zvidzidzo zveunhu ane Down syndrome zvinogona kuwedzerwa kuburikidza kuburikidza nekupindira kwepakutanga , dzidzo yakanaka, zvinotarisirwa, nekukurudzirwa.
Zvinetso Zvoutano
Kunyange zvazvo vana vakawanda vane Down syndrome vasina matambudziko makuru ekurapa, vamwe vanogona kuwana zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekurapa zvinoda kutarisirwa zvakanyanya. Somuenzaniso, vanenge 40 muzana yevana vose vakaberekerwa neArt syndrome vachava nemoyo wakakwana wechiremera t . Zvimwe zvezviremera izvi zvinyoro uye hazvitsvaki kurapwa uye dzimwe dzakaoma uye dzinogona kuvhiyiwa nekurapa. Zvisinei, yeuka kuti kana 40 muzana yevana vane Down syndrome vanozvarwa vane urombo hwemwoyo, zvinoreva kuti 60 muzana yevana vane Down syndrome havana matambudziko emwoyo.
Zvimwe zvehutano zvinogona kuitika kakawanda muvana vane Down syndrome zvinosanganisira zvinetso zvehutachiona , hutachiva husina kunaka, hutambudzi hwekutora, matambudziko ekuputika, nharo dzinorema, uye njodzi yakakonzerwa nehucheche hwemucheche (anenge 1 muzana).
Musoro wemutsipa usina kukwana ( atlantoaxial instability ) dzimwe nguva inowanikwa uye inofanira kuongororwa nachiremba. Nenzira yakanaka, dzakawanda zvezviitiko izvi zvinoporesa uye kurapwa kwakafanana kune vanhu vane uye vasina Down syndrome.
Kunzwa uye Kuona
Inenge hafu yevana vose vane Down syndrome vanewo matambudziko nekunzwa nekuonekwa. Kunzwa kurasikirwa kunogona kukonzerwa nekusiyana kwechimiro chemukati mafupa mapfupa kana nekuda kwezvirwere zvekunzwa . Zviratidzo zvinetso zvinosanganisira kutarisa maziso, ziso rinosviba, pedo nekuona zviri mberi, uye kuwedzera kwengozi yehutachiona. Nguva dzose kuongororwa nenyanzvi yevanhu uye an ophthalmologist zvakakosha kuti aone uye agadzirise matambudziko chero api asati agadzirisa unyanzvi hwemutauro uye ruzivo. Mishonga inowanzo magirazi uye manzwiro ekunzwa.
Unhu, Maitiro uye Mafungiro ePfungwa
Zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kukurukura maitiro anowirirana maitiro anowanikwa kune vanhu vane Down syndrome vasingatauri vanhu ava. Zvisinei, vabereki vakawanda vane vana vane Down syndrome vachataura kuti vana vavo vanofara, vanobatana navo uye vanobuda. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvingave zviri zvechokwadi, zvakakosha kuti usafananidza vanhu vane Down syndrome. Vanowana huwandu hwemanzwiro evanhu uye vane maitiro avo, simba, utera, uye michina. Hapana vanhu vaviri vane Down syndrome vane humwe humwe hunofanana.
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vane Down syndrome vangave vasina "unhu hwemhando," vanowanzogovana maitiro mamwe maitiro kana kugadzirisa matanho. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vazhinji vane Down's syndrome vanoda kugara, kurongeka, uye kunyanya iyo ndiyo nzira yavo yekugadzirisa zvinetso zvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Izvi zvinoshandiswa purogiramu dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuonekwa sekuoma. Imwe tsika inowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane Down syndrome "kuzvitaurira." Kuzvitaura ndicho chiito chokutaura zvinonzwika iwe pachako uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vane Down syndrome vanoshandisa kuzvidzora sematauriro ekugadzirisa mashoko nekufunga zvinhu kuburikidza .
Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vane Down syndrome vangave nemafungiro ega uye vanobata nzira dzakafanana, vanotarisanawo nehuwandu hwehumwe hwemamiriro ekufunga. Kuwedzera kwehutano hwekuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, uye kukanganisa-kusagadzikana kwepfungwa kunokonzerwa neArt syndrome. Kurapa kwezvinetso izvi kuvanhu vane Down syndrome zvakafanana nevanhu vasina Down syndrome uye vanosanganisira kuchinja maitiro, kupa mazano uye pamwe nemishonga.
> Sources
> Kurasika-Gunderson, K., Vana vane Down Syndrome - Vabereki Vatsva Vanotungamirira , Woodbine House, 1995.
> Chen, H., Down syndrome, Emedicine , 2007