Chikungunya iri kutora ruremekedzo rwakanaka kwazvo kuburikidza nemarwadzo ayo uye zvinokonzera kukanganisa. Icho chiri kutorawo pasi. Yakawanikwa kare muAsia neAfrica, yakapararira kuCaribbean muna 2013 uye yava kuNorth uye South America. Utsi hunoruma kune zvikamu zveFlorida neTexas zvinogona kuparadzira Chikungunya.
What is Chikungunya?
Chikungunya (chik-en-gun-ye) utachiona hwehutachiona hunokonzera fivhiri uye marwadzo akabatana anopararira kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu nekurumwa kwemumonyo.
Zita rinoreva "izvo zvinokwira" mumutauro weMakonde MuTanzania apo chirwere chacho chakatanga kuonekwa muma1950. Zita racho rinoreva kuti avo vane utachiona vanoonekwa sei: vakakomberedzwa nekurwadziwa pamwe chete.
Chikungunya inopararira sei?
Utachiona hunopararira nekuruma kubva kunekadzi Aedes aegypti kana Aedes albopictus mutezo. Kurumuka kunofanira kuitika mushure mekunge utsi hwacho huchimedza mumwe munhu ane chirwere Chikungunya. Vanodzoka vanofambisa havazoparadzi zvirwere kana vasinganzwisisi neimwe yemaiyi.
IAedes aegypti muteu inowanikwa munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba kweFlorida, Texas, neArizona pamwe chete nemativi mashomanana eCalifornia. IAedes albopictus mutezo yakapararira mberi nechekuchamhembe mumakore gumi apfuura, ichienda kuChicago neNew York City . Zvisinei, huwandu hwemumumyo huri hwakareba sezvikamu zveCaribbean uko chirwere chacho chakapararira nokukurumidza. Central America pamwe nenzvimbo dzeSouth America, zvikurukuru kuVenezuela, dzave dzakanyanya kukwirira.
Epidemics inowanzoputika munzvimbo dzisina kutapukirwa kare - kunyanya munharaunda dzenharaunda dzine huwandu hwemhutu hwevanhu. Vanopfuura 1 pavatatu vakapararira mune zvirwere zvakapfuura (Reunion Island, Cambodia).
Iyi utsi hunoruma zuva rose, kunyange zvakadaro panguva yemasikati. Vanowanzomira mumba uye vanogona kuruma gore rose mumhepo inodziya.
Dzinobereka mumvura ine simba, yakadai seyo yakawanikwa mumabhakiti, chimbuzi, uye matairi.
Amai vane utachiona vanogona kudarika utachiona kumwana wavo pakuzvarwa. Zvisinei, pamuviri anowanzove ane hutano kana hutachiona hunoitika zvakanaka asati aberekwa. Zvirwere zvinogona kupararira nekuwedzerwa ropa.
Mune mamwe marudzi eChikungunya anopararira nokukurumidza kupfuura vamwe?
Hungu, nerufaro, dambudziko iro rawanikwa ikozvino muAmerica haisi dambudziko rinopararira nekukurumidza kuburikidza nemhutu hunowanikwa kazhinji muNorth America, Aedes albopictus . Kune matambudziko matatu - West Africa, East / Central / South Africa (ECSA), uye Asia. Zvimwe zveEcsa strains zvine mutation (inonzi A226V, mukati meprotein ye E1) iyo inobvumira Aedes albopictus kuparadzira Chikungunya nokukurumidza.
Ikoko kwapararira kupi?
Chikungunya yakawanikwa kare muAfrica neAsia. Yakapararira kuReunion Island muna 2005, kuIndia muna 2006, uyewo kuItaly neFrance kuburikidza nekufambisa ndege. Zvisinei, gore ra2013 risati rasvika, rakangowanikwa mukudzoka kune vanofambira muWestern Hemisphere. Chikungunya kutanga kupararira mukati meyi hemisphere muna 2013 apo yakawanikwa muSt Martin. Yakazopararira muCaribbean yose, kusanganisira kuPuerto Rico, Haiti, neDominican Republic. Yakapararira kuFlorida uye yakawanikwa mumumucho muTexas uye kune varwere muMexico.
Ikozvino inenge inenge nyika dzose muCentral nekuchamhembe kwenyika kuSouth America, uyewo muSouth Pacific.
Dambudziko rakasvika muCaribbean rinoita sokuti rakabva kuAsia. Iri dambudziko rinowirirana zvikuru nekudzvinyirira kubva kuPhilippines pamwe chete neakawanikwa muChina (Zhejiang) neMicronesia.
Ndinozvidzivirira sei ini?
Mhinduro yakajeka: ngwarira manyoko. Mazororo kune dzimwe nzvimbo nemumhutu naChikungunya angaisa vafambi panjodzi. Kana pane mhutu neChikungunya, zvakakosha kudzivirira kunyorera uye kubereka misiki. Utsi hunogona kubereka mune chero chipi zvacho chisina kuvharwa mvura.
Usarega mvura ichigara mumatairi kana mabhakiti. Empty containers. Pfekai micheka yakareba uye mabheji kuti usadzikama. Shandisa zvipembenene zvinodzivirira, zvakadai seDEET. Shandisa zvikwiriso mumahwindo nemasuo, kana zvichibvira.
Vaya vari febrile uye mumavhiki ekutanga ehutachiona vangada kurara pasi pemambure emumonyo panguva yekudzivirira utsi hwemuchetu pakuparadzira utachiona.
Ndichati ndichitambanudzire kumusha here?
Zvichida kwete kana iwe uchigara munzvimbo yakaoma. Utachiona hunowanzo "kutengeswa" kuburikidza nekudzoka vafambi vasina kupararira utachiona kune vamwe. Zvikamu zvizhinji zveUnited States neKanada hazvina utsi hunoda kuparadzira chirwere chacho. Mushonga unoda kuruma munhu ane utachiona ndokubva waruma mumwe munhu kuparadzira utachiona (kunze kwekuwedzerwa ropa kana kuberekwa). Kuruma kunofanira kuitika apo hutachiona huchiri mumunhu ane hutachiwana ropa. Utachiona hunowedzera pamasikati matatu, kazhinji huripo mazuva 8, asi kwenguva refu (mazuva gumi nemashanu). Vanhu vazhinji vanodzoka pamwe chete namaoko aches vangangodaro vasina kupindira masvondo matatu pashure pezviratidzo zvatanga.