Zvamunoda Kuziva Nezvemishonga Kuchengetedza mari
Mutungamiri Trump akaita zvivimbiso pamushandirapamwe wokuchengetedza Medicare. Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu aizoderedza Medicare kubatsira. Nhamo, kusvika ikozvino, mazwi ake haasi maererano nezviito zvake. GOP ine Medicare neMedicaid mumakona ayo uye iri kutora matanho ekuderedza mari kune izvo zvinoona sezvirongwa zvekodzero. Izvi ndizvo zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro peMedricare mari inoenda muna 2018 uye mberi.
Chii Chine Mvumo?
Vanhu vazhinji havaoni Medicare se "kodzero". Mushure mezvose, vanobhadhara mitero muMedareti Trust Fund kuburikidza nemitero yavo yemitero pamwe nechivimbiso chekuwana rubatsiro rwehutano hwakakwana kana ivo vakwegura kana vachifanira kunge vakaremara.
Zvisinei, kunyange shoko iro rine kodzero rine zvinyorwa zvinyorwa mumamwe mapoka, Medicare neMedicaid ndeyezvikodzero zvekunzwisisa. Maererano neduramazwi reMerriam Webster, chikwereti chirongwa chehurumende chinopa rubatsiro kune nhengo dzeboka rakatsanangurwa kana kuti mari inotsigira kana kuparadzirwa nehurongwa hwakadaro.
Kunzwisisa Medicare Trust Fund
Kune mairi maviri e Medicare mari. Yokutanga ndiyo Medicare's Hospital Insurance [HI] Trust Fund, inotumidzwa kune imwecheteyo sechirongwa che Medicare Trust Fund. Iyi mari inopa mari yako ye Medicare Part A , iyo inogara iwe muchipatara ichigara, musha wenguva pfupi yekuchengetedza inogara mushure mekugara kuchipatara, kutarisirwa kwehutano hwemusha, nekuchengetwa kwevana.
Iyi mari ndiyo inobhadhara mari yako yebhadharo mari.
Zvinosuruvarisa, Chipatara Cheshuwarisi Inotarisira inotarisirwa kuve yakasvibiswa ne2029 . Izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvizove nemari yakakwana yekubhadhara mabasa ose aanoita mazuva ano. Panguva iyoyo, inogona kungokwanisa kupa 88 muzana yevhisi iyo.
Yechipiri Medicare fund ndiyo Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) Trust.
Ichi chivimbo chinobva pamishandiraimari iwe unobhadhara Medicare Part B uye Chikamu D. Izvi zvikamu zveMedicare zvinobhadhara mabasa eropa, kushanyira vanachiremba, zvidzidzo zvekufungidzira, muviri / basa remabasa / kutaura, mishonga yemishonga, kudzivirira kuvhara, kuvhiyiwa (dzimwe nzira), uye mamwe mabasa ekufambisa.
Medicare, The Federal Deficit, uye 2018 Imari Yebhadharo
Muna 2016, maZimbabwe Health Expenditures (NHE) akabhadhara madhora 3.3 triliyoni, achienzanisa ne17,9 muzana yeGross Domestic Product (GDP).
Medicare kushandisa mari inodhura $ 672.1 mabhiriyoni, inomiririra 20 kubva muzana yeHNHE uye 3.58 muzana yeGDP. Medicaid yokushandisa yakawana $ 565.5 mabhiriyoni, 17 muzana yeUHE, uye 3.03 muzana yeGDP.
Iko GOP iri kutarisa kuderedza kushandiswa kweGDP yakawanda pamusoro pekodzero dzezvirongwa.
Kusvika pakupedzisira, US House of Representatives yakagadzirisa chisarudzo chebhajeti gore regore ra2018 munaAugust 2017. Muvhoti yemutambo, GOP yakagadzira $ 487 mabhiriyoni mukucheka kune Medicare, kuwedzerwa kweMurengeti wekugadziriswa kwemakore kubva pa65 kusvika ku67 makore emakore, uye kushandiswa kwegaMedare nehurumende nepurogiramu ye voucher. NezveMedicaid, zvipo zvehurumende zvingashandurwa kusvika kumitero yepamusoro kana kubvisa zvipo , zvichideredza zvikuru mari kune purogiramu inenge madhora $ 1 trillion.
Sarudzo yebhajeti yakabva yatungamirirwa kuSeneti iyo yakapera musi waOctober 19. Senate-yakagadziriswa version ndokudzoka kuImba iyo yakapera musi waOctober 26. Parizvino, kuchinjwa kunoratidzirwa kumapurogiramu akakodzera haisi kuiswa mumatombo nokuti hapana mimwe mitemo inofanirwa kuigadzirisa. Izvozvi GOP inoronga zvirongwa zvekutarisana nemitemo pamatambudziko aya mugore idzva. Pane kudaro, izvo gore ra2018 rezvemari rebhadha rakaitwa raive rakagadzirisa hurongwa hweGOP Imitemo.
Mutemo Wemitero yeGOP
Gwaro ReMitero yeGOP, iyo inozivikanwawo seThe Tax Cuts uye Jobs Act, yakakonzera kukakavara kukuru pamusoro pekukwanisa kutengesa mitero kune vapfumi veAmerica pamusoro pevarombo uye pakati peboka.
Mutemo uyu unofungidzirwawo kuwedzera kukanganisa kwenyika ne $ 1.5 triloni kupfuura makore gumi.
Zvamunoda kunzwisisa ndezvokuti mutemo unobata sei Medicare. Pakutanga, sangano yemutero weSenate haisi kudhura zvakananga Medicare kushandisa. Iwe haugoni kuwana mazwi iwayo akanyorerwa mumutemo. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvicharamba zvichiita kutengesa kwe $ 28 mabhiriyoni kubva kuMedare gore negore pamusoro pemakore gumi anotevera.
Ita mhosva paPAYGO.
Mutemo we "pay-as-you-go", mutemo we bipartisan wakagadzwa sechikamu cheOnibus Budget Reconciliation Act ya1990, yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kukanganisa kwacho. Inoshanda nenzira iyi. Apo Congress inodarika chero zviyero zvinowedzera kukanganisa kwemakore mashanu kusvika gumi asi izvo hazvisanganisi kukanganisa mari, PAYGO inopikisa mukati. Kutungamira kunotarisirwa kutanga kupedza kushandiswa kwevamwe vasati vasiri bato mapurogiramu (Medicare, Agricultural Subsidies and Supports , Affordable Care Act's Risk Adjustment Program, Operations and Support for Customs and Border Patrol, Gwaro reMari yeVashandi, uye mamwe mapurogiramu). Chisarudzo pamusoro pokuti kunyatsochera mari kudini kwaizoitwa mumutambo.
Zvinosuruvarisa, ndizvo chaizvo zvatiri kutarisa neGOP Imitemo Bhiri:
PAYGO inoda kuti Congress igadzirire kushandisa mari mugore ra2018 ne $ 136 mabhiriyoni. Mari iyo inobvumidzwa kuti iparadzwe kubva kune zvisingabvumirwi kutora zvirongwa zvehurumende inofungidzirwa kuva $ 114 mabhiriyoni. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti mari yakazara inogamuchirwa inogona kuderedzwa kubva kumapurogiramu ose, kusanganisira Medicare.
PAYGO inobvumira mamwe mapurogiramu kuti aparwe ne100 muzana asi Medicare ine chitupa. Cuts to Medicare inongororerwa kusvika 4 muzana yemari yepurogiramu. Nokuti 2018 iyo yaizova $ 28 biliyoni. Pakazosvika 2027, kuburikidza nekuwedzera kwezvinhu uye kuwedzerwa kwekurapa kwekurapa, kuti 4 muzana yehutengo inotarisirwa kuwedzera kusvika $ 56 bhiriyoni pagore.
Sezvo GOP yakanga yatotanga kukohwa kweMedarere mu 2018 Mari yeHurumende, hazviiti kuti hutungamiri hwaizotarisa kuvhara matanho aidiwa pasi pePAYGO. Kunyange dai vaida, havana kukwanisa kuchinja kana kusiya hurumende yePAYGO mukugadzirisa kwebhajeti. Vaizofanira kuchinja mutemo wePAYGO pachawo. Panguva ino, hapana mhinduro dzokuti hurumende inoda kuita saizvozvo.
Shoko Rinobva
Pasinei nezvipikirwa zvinopesana, hurumende yeTrump ine mitemo panzvimbo iyo ichadhura mari kuMedare. GOP yakaronga zvirongwa zvekuchinja Medicare sezvatinoziva. Gore ra2018 Mari yeHurumende inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kuderedza Medicare mari, kuwedzera kukodzera kwezera rekuchengeta, nekuisa purogiramu purogiramu uchishandisa purogiramu ye voucher. Gwaro ReMitero yeGOP richapedza Medicare mari ne $ 28 mabhiriyoni pagore kubva muna 2018.
> Sources:
> Migumisiro yeMitemo iyo Inokwidza Kurasikirwa neInofanirwa $ 1.5 Trillion Pakazosvika 2018-2027 Period. Congressional Budget Office. https://www.cbo.gov/publication/53319. Yakabudiswa naNovember 14, 2017.
> FY 2018 Imba yeBhudha Kugadziriswa uye Migumisiro Yayo kune Vakwegura. Dare reNyika Rinochengetedza Social Security neMedare. http://www.ncpssm.org/PressRoom/NewsReleases/Release/ArticleID/1712/FY-2018-House-Budget-Resolution-and-Its-Effect-on-Seniors. Yakabudiswa musi waAugust 2, 2017.
> PAYGO Mitemo Inogona Kuita Sei Kuchinja Kwemitero? Komiti yeHurumende yeHurumende inotarisirwa. http://www.crfb.org/blogs/how-paygo-rules-could-affect-tax-reform. Yakabudiswa naOctober 18, 2017.
> Medicare Inobhadhara Sei? Medicare.gov. https://www.medicare.gov/about-us/how-medicare-is-funded/medicare-funding.html.
> National Health Expenditure Fact Sheet. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. https://www.cms.gov/research-statistics-data-and-systems/statistics-trends-and-reports/nationalhealthexpenddata/nhe-fact-sheet.html. Yakapedzwa musi waDecember 6, 2017.