Kudzokorora kwekutanga, zvakare kunonzi ROP, chirwere chinokanganisa retina yeziso. ROP inobata mishonga yeropa pane retina mumaziso e-preemie, uye ndeimwe yezvikonzero zvinokonzera upofu hwehuduku.
Overview
Munguva yepamuviri, mishonga yeropa mumeso emwana inotanga kukura kunenge mavhiki makumi mapfumbamwe nemasere. Munenge mavhiki 34 ekuzvitakura, mishonga yeropa muziso yakanyatsogadzirwa zvakakwana zvokuti retina ine ropa rakanaka.
Apo vana vanozvarwa patsva, mishonga yeropa pane retina haina kunyatsogadzirwa. Mushure mokuberekwa, midziyo inogona kutanga kukura nekukurumidza zvokuti kukura kwavo kunokanganisa retina. Kudzokorora kwepakutanga (ROP) ndiro zita rekukura kusina kunaka kwemidziyo yeropa pane retina uye kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekukura ikoko.
Mune vavengi vakawanda vanosimbisa ROP, kukura kwemitambo yeropa re retinal kunoderera pasi payo, uye chiratidzo chichakurumidza kuitika. Vamwe vana vasati vasvika, kunyange zvakadaro, vanokura zvikuru ROP.
Nhanho
Kudzoka kwepakutanga kwepakutanga kunotsanangurwa maererano nezvikamu zvakasiyana. Nhanho dzepamusoro dzeROP dzakaoma zvikuru, uye zvinowanzokonzera upofu kana matambudziko ekuona kwenguva refu. Zvikamu zvezasi zveROP hazvina zvishoma; vazhinji vana vane chirwere chepakati I uye II ROP vachavandudza pasina kurapwa uye vachava nemaonero ezvakanaka.
- Nhanho 1: Kukura kwakanyanya kusina kusimba kwemidziyo ye retinal. Kazhinji zvinowedzera zviri nani pasina mushonga uye hachina nguva yakareba.
- Chikamu chechipiri: Kukura kwemidziyo ye retinal kunonyoresa. Kazhinji zvinowedzera zviri nani pasina mushonga uye hachina nguva yakareba.
- Nhanho yechitatu: Kukura kwemidziyo ye retinal kwakaoma zvikuru. Vana vacheche nechitambo 3 ROP vangada kurapwa kweROP uye vane ngozi yakakura yezvinetso zvekureba kwenguva refu. Vana vacheche pamwe nehosha, chiratidzo chokuti ROP iri kukurumidza kukurumidza, kazhinji inoda kurapwa panguva iyi.
- Nhanho yechina: Kushanda kwemauto ekupedzisira. Kazhinji zvinoda kurapwa uye zvinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko ekuona kwenguva refu kana kupofu.
- Chikamu chechipiri: Chengetedza chekudzoka. Inoda kurapwa uye inogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko ekuona kwenguva refu kana kupofu.
Kuziva
Kudzokorora kwepakutanga kunotaridzirwa panguva yekuongorora kweziso. Kugadzirira kuongorora, maziso anoshandiswa kuderedza vana vevana. Munguva yekuongorora, an ophthalmologist anotarisa zvakanyatsoona retina kuti aone kana midziyo iri kukura zvakakodzera uye, kana zvisingaiti, chikamu chipi chetina chinoratidza zviratidzo zvekutambudzika.
Haasi vose vana vasati vasvika vachada kuongororwa kuedza ROP. Zvipatara zvinowirirana umo vana vanoongororwa kuROP, asi vana vakawanda vanoberekwa vasati vhiki makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemakumi masere vachiita gestation vachava nemuenzaniso mumwechete wokuedza ROP. Kana kuongorora kusinganzwisisiki kana maziso emwana anoratidza zviratidzo zveROP, zvino kuongororwa kuongororwa kucharongwa nguva nenguva.
Kurapa
Zviitiko zvakawanda zvekudzoka shure kwekushanduka kwekuvandudza zvichava zviri nani pachavo uye hazvitsvaki kurapwa.
Muchikamu chechitatu ROP nepamusoro, kurapwa kunogona kudikanwa kuvhara kukura kwechivi kwemasvipa muropa kana kuti kugadzirisa musasa we retina. Mhando dzekurapa dzinosanganisira cryotherapy, laser therapy, uye retinal chirwere.
- Cryotherapy : Cryotherapy inoshandisa kutonhora kunotonhora zvikamu zvetina zvinokonzerwa neROP, iyo inomisa kuwedzera kwemidziyo yeropa isina kunaka mumaziso.
- Laser therapy: Sezvakaita cryotherapy, laser therapy inoshandiswa kumira kukwira kwemidziyo isina kunaka pane retina. A laser inoshandiswa kuita zviduku zvishoma pamativi e retina akabatwa neROP. Laser therapy inowanzova nemigumisiro yakanaka kupfuura cryotherapy uye inoshandiswa kakawanda, asi cryotherapy inogona kushandiswa mune dzimwe nguva. Kuti kuchengetedza zviratidzo zvepakati, imwe yeruzivo rwepakati inogona kurasikirwa nezvose cryotherapy uye laser kurapwa.
- Kuvhiyiwa kweRetinal: Muchitsauko 4 ne5 chetinopathy chekutanga, retina yakatanga kudzivisa kana kuti yakanyatsodzivirirwa kubva muziso. Kushanda kwemauto mashoma kunogona kuwedzera zviri nani kana kuti kungada kuvhiyiwa. A retina yakadziviswa zvachose inoda nguva dzose inoberekwa.
Mhedziso Yenguva refu
Kusvika kusvika ku90% yevana vakaberekerwa masvondo makumi matatu nemasere vangavaka imwe nzira yeROP. Zviitiko zvakawanda zveROP zvine unyoro uye hazvive nemigumisiro yenguva refu. Vana vanotambura neROP semucheche vanogona kuswedera pedyo, kana kuti vangave vane strabismus kana amblyopia.
Muzviitiko zveROP zvakanyanya, kurasikirwa kwemaonero ose kunogona kuitika. Zvipatara zviri nani zvikuru pakutsvaga nekurapa ROP zvisati zvaita kuti mapofu avepo, asi mhosva dzakaoma dzeROP dzinogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwemaonero.
Oxygen Kushandisa uye ROP
Izvozvo zvinowanzoshandiswa nemushonga wekupemha kubatsira kuchengetedza ropa romwana weakisijeni kuisa muviri pahutano hwakanaka. Vakuru nevana vacheche vanofanira kuchengetedza kukwikwidzika kweokisijeni mumakore ekuma 90 kuti varambe vakagwinya, asi vana vasati vasvika vakasiyana.
Kana vana vasati vachangotanga kutarisira vakatanga kuva teknolojia, zvichida, vanachiremba uye vanamukoti vakashanda zvakaoma kuchengetedza vavengi ve 'oxygen saturation' paizova yehutano hwevanhu vakuru. Mushure mekunge vadzidza zvakawanda, zvakaonekwa kuti vana vane oxygen yekusimudzirwa yakachengetedzwa zvakakwirira vaiva nemukana mukuru wekuvaka ROP. Vanachiremba uye vanamukoti vanogona kuchengeta zvakachengetedza okisijeni maitiro ekuchengetedza oksijeni kudimbisa pasi zvakaderera se 83% muvanotanga, vachibatsira kudzivirira ROP.
Sources:
Capone, Antonio naQuiram, Polly. "Kunyatsonzwisisa Kwemazuva Ano uye Kutungamirirwa kweRetinopathy yeChitatu." Ikozvino Maonero muOfthemology 2007; 18, 228-234.
Coe, Kristi et al. "Chirongwa Chekutanga CheOxygen Targeting (SPOT): Chirongwa Chekuderedza Kusvibiswa Kwepfungwa Mumucheche neRetinopathy ye Prematurity." Nyaya Yekuchengetwa Kwavanoita Utano November 2005; 21, 230-235.
National Eye Institute. "Chokwadi Pamusoro peRevinopathy yePakutanga (ROP) http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/rop/
Sears MD, William, Sears MD, Robert, Sears MD, James, Sears RN, Martha. The Premature Baby Book: Zvinhu Zvose Zvaunoda Kuziva Nezve Mwana Wako Usati Watanga Kubva Kuberekwa kusvika kuHera Rimwe . Little, Brown uye Co., New York, 2004.