FAQs About Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia mu Premature Vana Vacheche
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, kana BPD, chirwere chepapu chirwere chinosanganisa vana vasati vasvika vaida rubatsiro rwekudzivirira kupora mushure mokuberekwa. BPD inorwara yekusingaperi mapwere chirwere, kana CLD.
Overview
BPD inoshanda kwenguva yakareba yekushanda kwepakutanga inokonzera kuvhiringidza uye kupora mumapapu emucheche. Aya mapapu anochinja anoita kuti zvive nyore kune vacheche neBPD kufema zvakanaka pasina kuporesa.
Kana iwe uine mwana asati asvika muNICU ane mwedzi wemakore kana kupfuura uye achiri kudikanwa kubatsirwa nekufema (nasal cannula, CPAP, kana mechanical ventilation), mwana wako angave ane BPD.
Zviratidzo
Kuramba uchifuridzira kushungurudzika chiratidzo chikuru cheBPD. Vacheche vane BPD vangave vachida kuwedzera oksijeni kuti varambe vaine utano hwakakwana hweokisijeni . Kufema nokukurumidza, kubuda kwemazamu, uye kuputika kwechifuva zvakare.
Kunyange zvazvo BPD inonyanya kukanganisa mapapu, inogona kukonzera zviratidzo kumativi ose mumuviri. Vacheche vane BPD vanofanira kushanda zvakaoma kupfuura vamwe vana vachefema, uye kunwisa kana kupa mabhodhoro kunoita kuti vashande zvakaoma zvikuru. Vanopisa zvakawanda zvekuwedzera kupemha kwekoriori, uye vane nguva yakaoma kudya. Nemhaka yeizvi, ivo vanowanzova nezvinetso zvekudya zvakadai sekushaya uremu hunoita uye vanogona kukurudzira kunyengera.
Mwoyo nemapapu zvakabatana, uye zvinetso mumapapu zvinowanzokonzera mwoyo. Zvinetso zvecardiac zvakadai sokuputika mwoyo kusakatika uye cor pulmonale zvinowanikwa mucheche neBPD.
Kuziva
Usati wamboona kuti mwana wako ane BPD, vanachiremba vachaona zvinhu zvakasiyana. Mwana wako anogona kuonekwa ane bronchopulmonary dysplasia kana iye ane:
- Nhoroondo yekusimudzira kuporesa: BPD inokonzerwa nekukuvara kwemapapu inogona kuitika kana mweya inomanikidzwa mumapapu, kazhinji nemhepo kana kuti kubva pakunakira kuputika (PPV). Oxygen therapy inogonawo kukanganisa mapapu emapapu.
- Kuramba uchifuridzira kushungurudzika: Vana vane BPD vanowanzove nekutapurika kwekutapira kunotora nguva yakareba kupfuura mazuva 28 ekutanga ehupenyu kana kusvika mushure mokunge mwana asvika kumavhiki makumi matatu nemasere. Ivacheche vanofema nokukurumidza, vane mafungiro emvura, vane dambudziko rekuchengetedza maitiro akanaka eokisijeni, kana kutarisa sevari kushanda zvakaoma kufema.
- X-Rays inoratidza BPD: X-ray ingashandiswa kusimbisa kuongororwa kweBPD. Pa-ray-ray, mapapu emucheche ane BPD anotarisa uye ane mapapu anenge akawandisa kupfuura akajairika. Mapapu anotarisa "hazy" uye zvakawanikwa hazviwanike zviri nani munguva.
Kurapa
BPD chirwere chisingaperi, uye nguva ndiyo chete chirwere. Sezvo mwana wako achikura, achakura mutsva, utano hwemapapu ane hutano uye zviratidzo zvichabva zviri nani. Vamwe vana vane BPD vari kunze kwezviratidzo zvose zvechirwere panguva iyo vanoenda kuchikoro, asi vamwe vachave nezvinetso zvemapapu zveupenyu hwose zvakadai sea asthma kana kazhinji zvirwere zvepapu.
Kunyange mwana wako achiri muduku, chinangwa chekurapa ndechekudzivirira zviratidzo apo mapapu anokura uye akakura. Mishonga yakajairika yeBPD inosanganisira:
- Rutsigiro rwemapfupa: Vana vane BPD vangave vachida kuve kuwedzerwa okisijeni kwemwedzi. Ivacheche vangatosunungurwa kubva kuNICU inoda oxygen kumba. Vacheche vakawanda vane BPD vanoda chironga chinonzi nasal cannula kupa oxygen mushure mokunge vaenda kumusha; vamwe vanoda chetracheostomy uye mechanical ventilation yakazara kana nguva.
- Nebulizers: A nebulizer mishonga inoshandura mishonga mumhute inogona kufema kumapapu. Varwere vane BPD vangashandisa bronchodilators inhaled kuzarura mapapu avo, kana kuti steroids inoputika kuti kuderedza kuputika.
- Diuretics: Pulmonary edema, chiratidzo cheBPD, rudzi rwekuputika mumapapu anowanikwa apo mvura inowedzera mumapapu emapapu. Kuwedzera kwemvura mumapapu kunogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoma kufema uye zvinogona kuita kuti BPD iwedzere. Kupa diuretics (dzimwe nguva kunonzi "mvura mapiritsi") kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kusviba mumapapu uye kuita kuti zvive nyore kufema.
- High-calorie foods: Nokuti kudya kwakaoma kune vacheche vane BPD, havakwanisi kutora makirogiramu akakwana kuti uwane uremu. Vanachiremba vanogona kupa mhando yepamusoro ye preemie formula nemamwe makoriki kupfuura yenguva dzose yevana kana kuti amai vanogona kusimbisa mukaka wavo wepamu nemamwe maoriki kuitira kuti zvive nyore kune vacheche neBPD kuti vawane uremu.
Migumisiro Yenguva refu
Vakawanda vacheche vane BPD vane kunze kwezviratidzo uye vanozotora nguva refu, hutano hupenyu. Pakazosvika makore maviri, bronchopulmonary dysplasia inowanzogadziriswa uye vana vaduku vane chirwere chepapu chinoshanda.
Vamwe vana, zvikuru avo avo vane zvimwe zvinetso zvehutano zvakabatana nehutano husati hwavapo, vanogona kuva nematambudziko emakore emapapu kwenguva refu. Vacheche vane BPD vanogonawo kunge vari pangozi yakanyanya yekutora nguva yakareba yehutachiona husati hwasangana nemapapu. Zvinetso zvehutano zvakadai sekuremara kwekudzidza, cerebral palsy , uye kunonoka kwekukura kunowanzoonekwa kune vose vacheche vane BPD.
Post-Treatment Home Care
Kana mwana wako ane BPD, chinangwa chako chikuru mushure mokunge chipatara ichibudiswa ndechokumubatsira kuti arambe akaine utano. Nokuva nechokwadi chokuti mwana wako anowana chikafu chakanaka uye anoramba uine hutachiwana pasina, iwe uchabatsira mapapu emwana wako kukura.
Utachiona hutariro huru kumwana ane BPD. Kunyange kutonhora kunogona kuchinja kuva chirwere chinotapukira mumapapu, saka iva nechokwadi chokuti munhu wose anosangana nemwana wako anoshambidza maoko ake. Kumbira chiremba wako kana mwana wako akakodzera kugamuchira Synagis kudzivirira RSV , uye kurega kubva munzvimbo dzekuchengetwa kwevana kwemadiki kwenguva yakawanda sezvaunogona.
Kuchengetedza kudya kwakanaka kunokosha zvakare kumwana wako. Kana iwe uchiyamwisa, chengetedza iyo kwenguva refu sezvaunokwanisa. Zvichida bundu rako kana rekupa mabhodhoro, iva nechokwadi chokuti mwana wako anowana zvakakwana zvekudya zvakakwana sezvinobvira.
Tsvaga kupindira kwepakutanga pazviratidzo zvekutanga zvekukurumidza kunonoka kana matambudziko emagariro. Kupindira kwepakutanga kunogona kubatsira kubata zviratidzo zvakajeka zvokuti mwana wako angasave achirova muviri kana pfungwa mupfungwa panguva, uye anogona kubatsira mwana wako kuti atore kune vezera rake.
Kudzivirira
Munguva yakapfuura, vazhinji vaidzingwa vaiva neBPD muchipatara kubudiswa. Kuonga kubudirira mune nzira iyo vanachiremba vanochengetedza vana vasati vasvika, muyero weBPD wakanyanyisa kudarika makore makumi maviri adarika. Vanachiremba vari kubatsira kuchengetedza BPD nekushandisa zvakaderera zvinokonzera ventilator, kuburikidza kushandisa CPAP pane ventilator chero nguva zvichibvira, uye nekushandisa miviri yakadzika yeokisijeni. Kutarisira kuberekwa kwevana vanoramba vachienderera mberi, uye netariro, chiyero chechiitiko ichi chakakomba, kwenguva refu chekusununguka nguva isati yasvika chicharamba chichienda.
Sources:
> Gracey, K., Talbot, D., Lankford, R., naDodge, P. "Family Teaching Toolbox: Chii chinonzi Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?" Kufambira Mberi Mukurera Neonatal. Dec. 2002. 2: 339-340.
Romanko, E. "Kuchengetera Vana neBronchopulmonary Dysplasia muIndaneti." Home Healthcare Nurse. Feb. 2005. 23: 95-103.
Tropea., K. naKristuou, H. "Ikozvino Pharmocologic Nzira Dzokudzivirira uye Kurapwa kweBronchopulmonary Dysplasia." International Journal of Pediatrics . Nov. 4, 2011. 2012: 9 mapeji.