Gore roga rega muUnited States, vechidiki vanenge 750 000 vanova nepamuviri, uye vazhinji vavo vane pamuviri havasi kurongwa. Kuti rubatsiro rwekuberekwa rubudirire, vechidiki vanoda zvingasarudzwa zvavanokwanisa kushandisa nyore nyore. Vechiduku vane mikana yekuramba vachishandisa nzira dzekudzivirira kubata kwenguva refu, dzakadai seIUD yekuberekwa kwevana kana Nexplanon . Vaya vechidiki vanoita zvepabonde uye vanoshandisa kubata pamuviri vanowedzera kushandiswa kusingaenderani.
Izvi zvakaita kuti American College of Obstetricians uye Gynecologists (ACOG) vaone kana zvichibatsira kupa chirongwa chekuberekwa kweIUD kana Nexplanon yevechiri kuyaruka.
Zvinosuruvarisa, kuongororwa kwevechiri kuyaruka muUnited States kunoratidza kuti vechidiki vanoziva zvishoma zvishoma nezveIUDs. Imwe tsvakurudzo yevanasikana makumi manomwe nemasere kubva pakati pemakore gumi nemasere kusvika gumi nematanhatu yakaratidza kuti kunyange zvazvo 74 muzana vakanga vachishandisa kubata pamuviri, 19 chete muzana vakanga vambonzwa nezveIUDs. Mushure mekunge vadzidziswe pamusoro pekudzivirira kwekuzvarwa kweIUD, vazhinji vechidiki vakati vaifarira chokwadi chokuti IUD inoshandisa :
- Haana kukuvadza gare gare kubereka
- Inoda kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva
- Hazvina kudiwa nega yega yega
- Wakanga akangwara
Vechidiki vanofanira kudzidziswa kubudirira kwakanyanya kwekuita kwenguva refu yekuita zvekudzivirira nzira dzekudzivirira sezvinoitwa IUD kudzivirira vana, pamwe neNexplanon.
Zvinodini Madaktari?
ACOG yakangodzokorora Its Practice Bulletin kuti igadzirise kudiwa kwekuita kwenguva refu kushandiswa kwekudzivirira nzira dzekudzivirira kwevechiri kuyaruka.
Maererano neAACOG, Nexplanon uye IUD kushandisa chirwere chekuberekwa kunogona kubatsira vechidiki. Kunyangwe izvi zvinoshandisa mirayiridzo zvitsva, tsika chaiyo yekuisa IUDs uye Nexplanon muvechiri kuyaruka haisi. Vazhinji vevechiri kuyaruka vakatove vakagadzirirwa kusarudzwa kwekuberekwa kwekuberekwa, saka maitiro emitemo akazopedzisira apinda kune izvo vekurapa vave vachiita kwemakore.
IUD Birth Control Shandisai Vari Kuyaruka
ParaGard , Skyla , Kyleena , uye Mirena - idzi IUDs dzinosarudzwa pasi peChikamu 2 cheUnited Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvibatsiro zvekushandisa nzira idzi dzekudzivirira dzinowanzopfuura zvinetso. Kushandisa kwekushandisa kwakagamuchira chikamu chechipiri pamusana pekunyanya kunetseka pamusoro pengozi yekudzingwa (apo IUD zvishoma kana kuti zvichinyatsobuda mukati mechibereko), izvo zvinogona kukonzerwa nehulparparity (isina kuberekwa), pamwe nehutachiona hweHIV kubva kune kuipa kwepabonde kunowanzoonekwa mumapoka ezvidiki. Kushandiswa kweNexplanon muvechiri kuyaruka kwakagamuchira chikamu cheChikamu 1 - izvi zvinoreva kuti hapana mubvumo wekushandiswa kwekudzivirira kwekuzvarwa.
Zvinotsvakurudzwa neUtsvakurudzo
Zvinosuruvarisa, pane mabhuku mashomanana pamusoro peNexplanon kana kuti IUD yekuberekwa kwekuberekwa kwekushandisa kushandiswa muhuwandu hwevechiri kuyaruka, nekudaro tsvakurudzo dzakawanda dzinodiwa kuti zvive nani, mhinduro dzakawanda. Izvo zvataurwa, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinowanikwa, uye mhinduro dzavo dziri kuvimbisa.
Kuongorora kwakadzika kwakatarisa kushandiswa kweIUD muvechiri kuyaruka kwakawana kuti kubudiswa kwemajeri kwakapararira zvikuru - kubva pa5 kubva kuzana kusvika 22 muzana. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichinyengedza zvishoma nokuti mitero inoratidzika seyakakanganiswa nezera rako uye kana iwe usina kumbove wakabata.
Kunyanya, tsvakurudzo iripo inoratidza migumisiro isina kukwana. Somuenzaniso, zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti vakadzi vasina kumboberekwa vane mamwe maitiro ekudzingwa kweIUD, asi dzimwe dzidzo dzinoratidza kuti avo vakapa mushumo wokuberekwa vakakwirira mazinga ekudzingwa. Hapana chimwe chezviongorori izvi chakafunga kuti kusanganiswa kwezera uye kuberekwa kwenhoroondo kungave kwakakonzera mhinduro.
Vechiduku vanewo mikana yekupfuurira nekushandisa IUD kushandiswa kwekuzvarwa kune dzimwe nzira. Nhamba yevechiri kuyaruka iyo ichiri kushandisa IUD pa1 gore yakakwirira (kubva pa48 kubva pazana kusvika 88 muzana), uye IUD yavo inoshandisa zvishoma kudarika kwenguva.
Vechidiki vanoenderera mberi nekushandisa kwavo kushandisa IUD panguva imwechete kana kunyange yakareba kupfuura vechidiki vanoshandisa mapiritsi ekuberekwa .
Kuberekwa kwakange kusingawanzoitiki pakati pevechiri kuyaruka vechidiki chekuberekwa kwekuzvarwa kwevana. Chimwe chekuenzanisa kufanana nemakore ekuyaruka kwevechiri kuyaruka kwakawanikwa kuti (mushure mekunge mwedzi makumi maviri nemana ekupfuurira kushandiswa), vechidiki vachishandisa mhangura yeIUD (ParaGard) vakanga vauya vasina kutora, asi zvikamu zvitatu zvevechiri kuyaruka ekuberekwa kwepilisi vashandi vakava nepamuviri. Chimwe chidzidzo chakawana kuti kuberekwa kwevechiri kuyaruka kwakasimuka kubva pamapiro maviri kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu yeIUD iko kusvika ku11 muzana pamwedzi 48 yekuve muIUD.
Imwe yekupedzisira ine hanya iyo tsvakurudzo yakaratidza pamusoro pehutano hwekuberekwa kweIUD mumakore ekuyaruka kurwadziwa. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti zvinorwadza kana zvakaoma IUD kuisa ndicho chinonyanya kukoshesa vechidiki. Izvi zvinogona kuva nokuti wechidiki haana kumboberekwa kuberekwa. Pane zviito izvo vanachiremba vanogona kutora kuti vabatsire kusunungura zvimwe zvekutambudzika uku, asi nzira idzi hadzina kuratidzirwa kuti dzinogara dzichipa kuponeswa kunorwa munguva yeIID kuiswa. IUDs idzva idzva Iike Skyla naKyleena vane zviduku zviduku zvinopinza, saka kuisa marwadzo kunogona kunge kusina zvishoma nezvisarudzo izvi.Research zvakare akaratidza kuti kurwadziwa uye kubuda ropa ndizvo zvinowanzoita kuti vechidiki vave neParaGard IUD yavo yakabviswa. Chimwe chidzidzo chakajekesa kuti vamwe vashandi veIUD vechidiki vakanyunyuta sei pamusoro pematambudziko ekubuda ropa pane ivo vashandi vepiritsi vachiri kuyaruka.
Kutsvakurudza paMuchechi Nexplanon Kushandisa ndiko Kunyanya Kupararira
Muna 2010, chidzidzo chakaitwa pamusoro pevechidiki vechidiki (vane makore gumi nemaviri nemakore gumi nemaviri) vakange vangobva kubereka. Yakaenzanisa kushivirira, kuenderera mberi, nekudzokorora mitezo yekuzvitakura mumakore ekuyaruka akashandisa Implanon, pamwe chete nemapiritsi ekuberekwa , Depo Provera , nzira dzokudzivirira (semakondomu uye spermicide ), kana chimwe chinhu.
Pakazosvika mwedzi 24, 35 muzana yevechiri kuyaruka vakanga vatorazve pamuviri. Vashandi vechidiki veNexplanon vakava nepamuviri mushure mekumwe maboka ekudzivirira vana (nekutanga kubata pamuviri pamwedzi 23,8, zvichienzaniswa nemwedzi 18.1 yepiritsi / depo boka uye 17.6 mwedzi yegadziriswe / hapana boka). Vashon veImplanon vaikwanisawo kuramba vachishandisa Implanon pamwedzi makumi maviri nemasere kupfuura vashandi vechidiki / depo.
Pavaya vechidiki vainge vaine Nexplanon vasati vatora mwedzi 24 yekushandisa, 40 muzana vakati kubuda kwemazuva ose kwaiva chikonzero chavo chekumira. Izvo zvichitaura, vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti vechidiki vanosarudza kushandisa Nexplanon havakwanisi kuva nepamuviri uye vakawanikwa vachibatana nehutano hwekuberekwa uku kwenguva refu kupfuura avo vakasarudza imwe nzira yekudzivirira.
Kuongorora Kwokupedzisira
Kunyange zvazvo mabhuku eNexplanon neIUD birth control achiri kuyaruka anoshayikwa, zvidzidzo zviripo zvinoratidza kuti IUDs dzakadai saMirena, Skyla, Kyleena, uye ParaGard, pamwe neNexplanon, ndiwo maitiro anobatsira kwevechiri kuyaruka nhasi. Kukurudzira kushandiswa kwevechiri kuyaruka kwemaitiro kwenguva refu yekuita kuzvidzora kunogona kubatsira kuderedza nhamba yevasikana vasina kurongwa vachiri kuyaruka. Nhamba yakakura yevechidiki vanoomerera kuNexplanon yavo uye IUD vanoshandisa ichivimbisa, uye vechidiki vanogona kunge vachigonesa nzira idzi dzokudzivirira kuzvarwa.
Muitiro wekutungamirira wakagadzirwa neAACOG unoratidza kuti IUDs neNexplanon zvinofanira kupiwa kune vechidiki sekugona kusarudzwa kwekuberekwa kwekuberekwa. Zvakanakira uye zvinobatsira zveParaGard, Mirena, Skyla, uye / kana Kyleena mumakore ekuyaruka zvinowanzopedza njodzi dzinogona kuitika, uye hapana zvibvumirano pakushandiswa kweNexplanon muvechiri kuyaruka. Nemhaka yeizvi, zvinoratidzika kuti izvi zvinoshanda uye zvakasimba zvekuzvidzivirira kwekuberekwa kwekuberekwa kunofanira kupiwa kune vechidiki vari kutsvaga kubata pamuviri mumakiriniki ekuronga mhuri kana mahofisi echiremba.
Sources:
American College yezvipfeko uye Gynecologists. "Practice Bulletin # 121 - Kubata-Kubata Kwekuita Zvokudzivirira Kuberekwa: Implants uye Intrauterine Devices." Obstetrics & Gynecology . July 2011. 118 (1): 184-196.
VaDhean, EI, & Grimes, DA "Intrauterine Devices for Adolescents: Ongororo Yakarongeka." Kubata pamuviri . 2009. 79: 418-423.
Lewis, LN, Doherty, DA, Hickey, M., & Skinner, SR "Implanon seSarudzo Yokudzivirira Vanaamai Vari Kuyaruka: Kufananidza Nezvokuita Zvokudzivirira, Kubvumirwa uye Kudzokorora Kubata." Kuberekwa. 2010. 81 (5): 421-426.
World Health Organization. "Zviratidzo Zvokurapa Zvinogadziriswa Pakushandisa Zvokudzivirira." 4th ed. Geneva: WHO; 2009.