Primary Progressive Aphasia, kana kuti PPA, inofambisa chirwere chinowedzera chinokonzerwa neatrophy yenharaunda dzepamberi, dzeparietal uye dzenguva dzeuropi, kazhinji kuruboshwe. Icho chimiro chekuita kwemangwana chinonyanya kukanganisa mutauro uye kutaura. Munhu anonzi ane PPA kana matambudziko emutauro chiratidzo chinotyisa ichi munhu ane chirwere ichi.
Mumwe munhu ane PPA angasangana nedambudziko nekutaura mutauro, syntax, chinangwa chekutumidza, kana kunzwisisa kwezwi. Hurukuro ndiyo inonyanya kukanganisika kune murwere wePPA panguva yose yekuziva kwavo, asi mamwe mabasa ekufunga angave akaora mwoyo pamwe nenguva. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti munhu haana PPA kana matambudziko emutauro wavo ari mugumisiro wehumwe, urwere husingaregi hutsika kana zvirwere zvehutano, kana kuti iyoasia inogona kuvandudza nenguva. PPA, sezvinoreva zita rayo, chirwere chinopfuurira chinowedzera kukura nenguva, uye kune mitatu yakasiyana-yakasiyana-siyana (inonziwo agrammatic), logopedic, uye semantic.
1. Vasina Simba Vari Vari PPA (nfvPPA)
Izvo zvakasikwa zvikamu zvekusiyana uku ndiko kusakosha kwegirama mumutauro wekutaura uye kumira kana kutaura kushingaira. Mumwe munhu anogona kunge ane imwe chete yechiratidzo ichi uye achiri kuonekwa kuti haasviki.
"Kusina gwaro," munyaya iyi, zvinogona kureva kushandiswa kwemashoko mapfupi, akareruka, sarudzo isina kururama, kana kushandiswa kusina kunaka kwekushandisa. Kuedza kutaura kunononoka, kunetseka, uye kunoshayiwa unhu hwechimiro wekutaura kwakanaka. Munhu ane maitiro akasiyana-siyana anogona kukamanikidzwa kutaura pamutengo wakaderera zvikuru pamusana pekuoma kwavo kuumba mitsara kana kushandisa mishonga inokosha kuti vataure zvavanenge vachifunga.
Vamwe varwere vanogona kurondedzera manzwiro ekuziva zvavanoda kutaura, asi vachikwanisa kuumba mazwi zvakanaka nemiromo yavo nerurimi.
2. Logopenic Variant PPA (lvPPA)
Kufanana nevarwere vasina simba, zvirwere zve logopenic zvingaita sekutaura mukumira, zvishoma nezvishoma, asi izvi zvinomira zvinokonzerwa nezvinetso nemashoko ekuwana. Munhu ane maitiro akasiyana-siyana achamira mukutaura kwavo kwete nokuti vane chinetso chokutaura nekutaura, asi nokuti havakwanise kuonekwa kuti havawani shoko ravanoda kutaura. Ichokwadi, shoko rokuti "logopenia," rinobva kuGiriki, rinoreva "kusava nemashoko." Vanhu vane rudzi urwu rwePPA vanowanzova nehuwandu hwekuyeuka kwepfungwa kupfuura avo vane mamwe maPPA akasiyana. Paunenge uchiita hurukuro duku, chirwere chekutaura chingava chakaoma kuona, asi kana ukabvunzwa kupa mazwi chaiwo kana kupa mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakaoma, mibvunzo yevanhu vanogona kunetseka. Vangatora nzira refu, dzisingabatsiri dzakakomberedza gaka mukugona kwavo kuwana izwi. Chirevo chenguva dzose, zvisinei, chinofanira kuva chakanyanya kuchengetedzwa uye kutaura hakuzovi nemapapiro akajeka agrammatic.
3. Semantic Variant PPA (svPPA)
Zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvechirevo chePPA ndeyekuyeuka mazita ezvinhu zvezuva nezuva nekushaya kwekutaura kweshoko.
Semuenzaniso, mumwe munhu angakwanisa kuva nehurukuro inoratidzika seyakanaka, uye pakarepo inobata shoko rokuti "watermelon" sekunge iri rurimi rwekunze. Mukuwedzera, vanhu vanorasikirwa nechinangwa chechinhu chacho chaizvoizvo-vangave vasina kukwanisa, somuenzaniso, kutaurira kana mavhenekeri akanga akafanana nekantaloupe kana anyezi. Vanhu vane ruzivo rwakadai vanogonawo kuona dyslexia kana dysgraphia (zvinoreva kuti vachanyora mazwi sezvavanonzwika, uye verenga mazwi sefoni sezvazvakanyorwa, sekuverenga "yacht" se "yakasungwa"). Pasinei neizvi, huzhinji hunoziva hunogona kuramba hwakasimba, zvakadai sokuyeuka zviitiko zvehupenyu, kupinda mune zvinodhaka zvinokanganisa, kana kuwana nzira yavo kumativi pasina kusangana.
Kurapa uye Kurapa
Chirwere chisingawanzozivikanwi, PPA inogona kutanga sechinyengeri chekutaura chirwere. Zvisinei, sechirwere chinopfuurira, chichaenderera mberi nenguva, uye murwere angatadza kukwanisa kuverenga, kunyora, kutaura, uye / kana kunzwisisa zvavanonzwa. Kusati kwave pasina mishonga inobvumirwa kubata chirwere chePPA, asi kutungamirirwa kwechirwere kunogona kusanganisira shoko rekuongorora maitiro nemutauri wekutaura kana tsika yekushandisa dzimwe nzira dzekukurukurirana, zvakadai kuburikidza nekukanda kana kuita zviratidzo. Uyezve, vanhu vazhinji vane PPA vanoona zvichibatsira kutakura makadhi eZID iyo inogona kutsanangura mamiriro avo kune vamwe. Vamwe vanoona zvichibatsira kushamwaridzana nevamwe vane PPA, uye mawebsite anobatanidza varwere vePPA vanogona kuwanika paIndaneti. Sezvo kusiyana kwakasiyana kwechirwere ichi kunokonzerwa nezvinetso zvakasiyana mukati meuropi, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kusiyana kwezvinhu zvakasiyana kuitira kuti kuvandudzire nzira dzinogona kurapwa.
> Sources
> Gorno-Tempini ML, Hillis AE, Weintraub S, Kertesz A, Mendez M, Cappa SF, et al. Kuenzanisa Kwekutanga Kwakaitwa Aphasia uye Zvimwe Zvayo. Neurology.2011; 76 (11): 1006-14.