Zvinenge zvese zvokudya zvinogona kusvibiswa uye zvinokonzera kudya chepfu.
Zvizhinji zvekudya, chero bedzi iwe uchiita zvekudya zvakakwana zvekuchengetedza zvokudya, zvakachengeteka kuti munhu wega wega adye.
High-Risk Foods
Pane zvimwe zvekudya zvakanyanya kune ngozi zvokuti hakuna munhu anofanira kuidya, kunyange zvakadaro, zvakadai se:
- Mukaka wakawanda
- Mazai makuru
- Unpasteurized fruit juice
- Nyuchi isina kubvamburwa uye isina kubikwa, yenguruve, uye huku
- Zvipfeko zvisingashandurwi kwemaawa anopfuura maviri
- Raw cookie dough
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti panogona kuva E. coli munyama yemombe uye Salmonella mukuku, saka vashomanana vanogona kudya hamburger isingawaniki kana chibage chisina kuputika. Iwe haufaniri kumirira chiyeuchidzo chekudya kuti uzive kuti hazvina kuipa kudya zvidyo izvi usingabateki zvakakwana.
High-Risk Foods uye Zvokudya Zvakaipa
Pamusoro pezvokudya zvine ngozi kune munhu wose, zvimwe zvekudya zvinogona kuva dambudziko kune mamwe mapoka makuru ane ngozi, kusanganisira vakadzi vane pamuviri, vanhu vane utachiona hwakasimba hwemasimba, vanhu vakwegura, uye vana vaduku zvikuru.
Nenzira yakawanda, vanhu vari mumapoka akakanganisa havafaniri kudya zvidya zvakanyanya kune ngozi, kusanganisira:
- Uncooked shellfish (raw oysters, nezvimwewo)
- Mazaya anomera
- Inotorwa, runny mazai (funga kushandisa pasteurized mazai)
- Cheese iyo inogadzirwa nemukaka usingagadziriswi, iyo dzimwe nguva inosanganisira soft cheeses (feta, Brie, Camembert, nezvimwewo), maruva-veined cheeses, uye marisi akawanda echiMexico (queso blanco, queso fresco, queso panela)
- Imbwa dzinotonhora, yakabikwa kana yakaoma, nyama dzinodya nyama, kutonhora kunotonhora, zvimwe zvokudya zvinopisa (semuenzaniso, bologna), kunze kwekuti ivo vatanga kupisa kusvikira vapisa kana kupisa mukati mekunze kwe 165 F
- Refrigerated pâté kana nyama inopararira
- Firiji yakasvuta maruva ezvokudya
Zvokudya izvi zvinogona kuva chinyorwa cheListeria , Salmonella , uye mamwe mabhakitiriya.
Zvokudya Zvikuru-Zvokudya zvevana
Imwe yemuenzaniso unonyanya kuzivikanwa wezvokudya zvakanyanya kune ngozi kune vacheche ndiyo nyevero yekupa uchi kune vacheche uye vacheche vasati vava nemwedzi gumi nemaviri nekuda kwengozi ye botulism.
Iwe unogonawo kubatsira kudzivirira mwana wako kubva pakuwana chikafu chekudya nekuita chokwadi kuti haanwi mvura yakasara, mukaka, kana juisi kubva mubhodhoro kana mukombe kana yakasara kunze kwamaawa maviri.
Chekudya chekudya kwevana chinogonawo kuva mungozi yekutya chepfu, ndicho chikonzero nguva dzose chiri chirevo chakanaka chokudyisa mwana wako kubva mundiro, panzvimbo yepamusoro kubva mubhodhoro. Iwe unogona kuchengeta chirongo chakazaruka chekudya kwevana, chero bedzi mwana wako asina kudya zvakananga kubva muhari, kwemazuva matatu. Kana iwe ukamwisa mwana wako zvakananga kubva mumubhodhoro, iwe unofanirwa kukanganisa kunze kwezvose zvakasara.
Panewo mazano ekutora nguva yakawanda sei kuchengeta mukaka wepumped wakachengeteka.
High-Risk Foods uye Choking
Zvimwe zvekudya zvine ngozi kwete nokuti zvinokonzera kudya chepfu, asi nokuti vana vaduku vanogona kuvhunga.
Choking ndiyo inokonzera rufu rwevana vaduku, kunyanya vacheche, vaduku, uye vaduku vevana vari pasi pemakore mana, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive zvakakosha kudzivirira zvikafu zvakanyanya kune ngozi kusvikira vana vakwegura:
- Uncut hotdogs
- Hard candy
- Peanuts / nuts
- Mbeu
- Mazambiringa ose
- Makaroti mavara
- Apples
- Popcorn
- Chunks of peanut butter
- Marshmallows
- Bhabhurigamu
- Sausages
Kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zvezvokudya izvi zvakashata, zvakadai sekucheka gum, mashizha akaoma, uye marimu, zvinofanira kungorega kudzivirirwa kusvikira mwana wako akwegura, vamwe vanofanira kungotemwa kusvika mu2 1/2 inch-bite-size zvidimbu kuitira kuti vasapfuure choking hazard.
Zvimwe Zvimwe Zvokudya-Zvimwe Zvokudya
Hove inogona kuva imwe zvokudya zvakanyanya kune ngozi kune vana.
Kwete kwete nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwebhakitiriya, kunyange-hove inogona kusvibiswa ne mercury.
Ndicho chikonzero EPA yakaronga miganhu yehuwandu hwehove dzinodyiwa nevamwe vanhu, kusanganisira vakadzi vane pamuviri, vana vanoyamwisa, vakadzi vanogona kutora pamuviri, uye vana vaduku.
Ihove uye mercury nyevero zvakakonzera kukurudzirwa kuti mapoka aya ane ngozi zvikuru:
- Dzivisa kudya hove dzine mazinga akawanda e mercury, akadai sa shark, swordfish, King Mackerel, kana tilefish.
- Idya dzimwe hove dzakadzika mu mercury kusvika kaviri pavhiki (inenge 12 ounces / 2 miviri yezvokudya), dzakadai semashiri, makonheni anovhenekera tuna, salmon, pollock, uye catfish, kunyange zvazvo vachifanira kungodya albacore tuna kamwe kamwe pavhiki kubva inogona kuva ne mercury kupfuura yekwanisi chiedza chekona.
- Tarisa mazano emunharaunda usati watya hove dzinobatwa munzvimbo yako nemhuri kana shamwari uye urege kudya iyo hove kune imwechete imwechete iyo inoshumira kana iwe usinganyatsozivi nezve mercury yehove yehove yako.
Kufanana nezvimwe zvekudya zvakanyanya kune ngozi, kune zvakakosha kudya hove, saka usarega ichi chinyorwa cheproteine uye omega-3 mafuta akawanda acid - chete tevera mitemo iyi iri nyore kuti iite ngozi shoma.
Sources:
American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement. Kudzivirirwa kweKubata pakati pevana Pediatrics 2010 125: 601-607.
Yenguva refu: Maitiro uye Maitiro eZvepabonde Zvirwere Zvinopindirana Revised Reprint, 3rd ed. Saunders; 2012.