Maonanoma yeziso, kana kuti macan meloma, inoratidzika isiri yekenza inoita mukati meziso. Mazhinji e melanomas anokonzera ganda, asi dzimwe nguva melanoma inogona kukura muziso. Kana chironda chinowedzera mukati meziso, inonzi kanhi yekenza yeziso. Kana chironda chinotanga kune imwe chikamu chemuviri uye chinopararira kune ziso , chinonzi kenza yechipiri cheziso.
Maonanoma emaziso anowanzokonzera kuvea, nzvimbo yemaziso pakati pe retina uye chikamu chitsvene cheziso.
Zviratidzo zveEyes Melanoma
Dzimwe nguva, ziso rema meloma rinokura pasina zviratidzo zvakajeka kana zviratidzo. Zviitiko zvakawanda zveziso relapanoma zvinowanikwa panguva yekuongorora maziso. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kukura zviratidzo zvishomanana zvinosanganisira chiratidzo chisina kumira, chiedza chinopenya kana nzvimbo dzine rima mukuona kwavo. Zviratidzo zvinotevera zvingave zvakabatana nekenza yeziso:
- Nzvimbo iri kuwedzera ine rima pane iris yeziso
- Kuona kupenya kwechiedza
- Mvura, yakatsamwa meso
- Blurry chiratidzo
- Kurasikirwa kwepachiviriro mune imwe kana maziso ose
- Kusaradzika kwekuiswa kweziso mukati meziso reziso
- Kubudirira kwemavara uye maruva
- Dzimwe nguva, kurwadziwa mukati kana kumativi eziso
Zvakawanda zvezviratidzo nezviratidzo zveziso remaonomoma hazvina kufanana nechirwere chacho. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vazhinji vanovaka mavara uye maruva , kunyanya sezvavanenge vachikura. Mazhinji maziso ari maziso mashoma emaprotheni anonzi collagen anoputika kubva kune vitreous uye akabatana pamwe chete, zvichiita kuti zvioneke mumutsara wezviratidzo.
Kazhinji yenguva, maruva nematombo anenge asingabatsiri, asi dzimwe nguva anokonzerwa nedzimwe zvirwere zveziso. Pain mukati kana kumativi eziso haimbowanzo chiratidzo cheziso remaziso. Kana iwe uine humwe humwe zviratidzo zvekenza yeziso, nguva dzose iri pfungwa yakanaka yekucherechedza chiremba weziso rako.
Zvinokonzera uye Zviitiko Zvengozi
Vanachiremba havazivi kuti chii chinokonzera kenza yeziso.
Inofungidzirwa kuti genetics inobatsira mukuvandudzika kwemaziso e-melanoma. Masayendisiti vari kutsvakurudza mamwe maitiro ekugadzirwa kwemashoko anogona kuita kuti masero eziso ave nekenza. Chirwere chinonzi maranoma chirwere chekenza chinowedzera mukati memasero anopa ruvara kumeso ako, ganda, uye bvudzi. Aya marudzi emasero anogadzira pigment inozivikanwa se melanin. Chirwere chinowanzowedzera mumasero eganda, asi dzimwe nguva inoitika mukati meziso.
Sezvakangoita nekenza yeganda, vanhu vane bvudzi kana bvudzi rutsvuku, ganda rakanaka, uye mavara-mavara zvinowanzoita kuti ive nehanamoma yeziso. Kunyange zvazvo zvirwere zvakawanda zveganda zvinopindirana zvakananga nekusvibiswa nemirairo ye ultraviolet, hazvisi pachena kana UV ray exposure inobatana nemeso e-melanoma. Vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi atypical mole syndrome (dysplastic nevus syndrome) vanoita seine ngozi yakawanda yekuita melanoma yeganda pamwe nemaziso. Atypical mole syndrome inokonzera kupfuura 100 moles kuti ione mumuviri. Vanhu vane chirwere ichi vanofanira kuongororwa zvakadzama sezvakawanda zvema moles zvinokura nemaumbirwo asina kunaka uye masimba.
Mikana yako yekuvandudza maziso e-melanoma inowedzera nehuwandu hunokonzera ngozi:
- Chiedza cheziso chemaziso: vanhu vane mavara ebhuruu vanowanzove nekenza yeziso kupfuura vanhu vane maziso madema kana mavara.
- Dzinza revanhu: vatsvene, vanyoro-bhenekera vanogona kunge vaine maziso anonzi melanoma kupfuura vanhu vane ganda rakasviba.
- Zera: mikana yekuvandudza maziso e-melanoma inowedzera paunokura.
- Ultraviolet chiedza exposure: kutarisana zvakananga ku-UV chiedza, kusanganisira zuva, kunogona kukonzera njodzi yakawanda yekuvandudza mamwe melanomas.
- Kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwema mole: vanhu vane atypical mole syndrome vanoita kunge vane ngozi huru yekuva nekenza yeziso.
- Genetic predisposition: zvimwe zvromosomal zvisiri izvo zvakapfuudzwa kubva kumubereki kusvika kumwana zvinoita kunge zvichiwedzera mukana wekuita melanoma yeziso.
Ramba uchifunga kuti kuva nehumwe njodzi zvinhu hazvireve kuti iwe uchava nehutachiona, kana kuti kusava nehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinoreva kuti iwe hauzove nechirwere.
Kuongorora Maziso eMeanoma
Sezvimwe nezvimwe mhando dzekenza, kuonekwa kwekutanga uye kuongororwa kwemaziso e-melanoma zvakakosha pakugadzira hurongwa hwekurapa. Kwose kuongorora kweziso kunobatsira chiremba wako wekuona pakuona chirwere chacho. Kuongorora kweziso (dilate) kunobvumira chiremba wako kuti aone zvakajeka mumaziso ako. Chiremba wako achakwanisa kutarisa kuburikidza ne lens reziso rako kuona hutano hwemakamuri emukati akadai se retina uye nhengo dzep optic.
Mitezo inotevera inogona kuitwa apo maziso ari kuwedzera:
- Ophthalmoscopy: Chiremba wako achashandisa chimbo chinonzi ophthalmoscope kuti uone mushure meziso rako. Mwenje inokudza ichashandiswa kutarisa retina uye neropa re optic.
- Slit-lamp biomicroscopy: Chiremba wako achakwanisa kuona retina, nhengo dzemagetsi uye dzimwe nhengo dzeziso rako nekushandisa chiedza chakasimba uye microscope.
- Gonioscopy: Chiyero ichi chichabvumira chiremba wako kuti aongorore chikamu chekutanga cheziso pakati pekonoa neyris.
Kana chimwe chekuongorora chichiratidza kuti chinogona kuve chepanamoma, chiremba wako achaita biopsy kuti abvise masero kana mishonga kuti ionekwe pasi pe microscope kuratidza zviratidzo zvekenza.
Treatment Options
Kurapa kweziso remalambe kunomira pane zvimwe zvinhu. Nzvimbo, ukuru uye rudzi rwechiremera chinotarisa rudzi rwemishonga ruchabudirira zvikuru. Radiation therapy inogona kushandiswa kuwana uye kuparadza mazita ekuberekwa kwemasero emukenza. Mishonga inoparadza masero anotyisa uye anovadzivisa kubereka. Kuchengetedza kunotorwa kuti kuve nechokwadi chokuti miviri haigoni kuparadza masero ane utano mukati meziso. Kunze kwemazizi, chiremba wako angasarudza kurapa melanoma nekuvhiyiwa. Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokuvhiya dziripo dzinosanganisira kubviswa kwezvikamu zvezvivako zveziso izvo zvine kenza.
Shoko Rinobva
Inofungidzirwa kuti vanenge 3 000 mitsva itsva yeziso remaziso rinowanikwa gore rega rega muUnited States. Kenza yemaziso inowanzova chirwere chechipiri, zvinoreva kuti inowanzobva kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri. Kutaura zvazviri, 9 kubva pa10 maziso e-melanomas anotanga muganda. Kana akaonekwa kare, kurapwa kwerinoma yeziso kunogona kubudirira chaizvo. Maererano neAmerica Cancer Society, kana kenza inobata ziso rimwe chete, 80 muzana yevanhu vachapona makore mashanu mushure mekunge vaongororwa. Kana akabatwa vasati vapararira, maziso akawanda anonzi melanomas anogona kurapwa kubudirira.
Kunobva:
Porter, D. Chii chinonzi Ocular Melanoma? American Academy of Opthalmology, 2 Aug 2012.