Cuba inobereka cigar, rum uye ... zvirwere zvekenza.
Apo vazhinji veAmerica vachifunga nezveCuba, vanofungidzira Fidel mune fatigues, zvisingabatsiri zvidzanga, yummy rum uye jerry-rigged maAmerica mushure motokari inenge muna 1960. Pasinei nemaonero akadaro, Cuba, iyo ndiyo mutungamiri wenyika mukutsvakurudza kwezvokurapa uye kubudirira zvikuru kuumba zvirwere. Nyaya dzinofanirwa kutarisa dzinotarisa chero chinhu chipi zvacho chinokonzera kugadzirisa kwezvimotokari zvingave zvichienderana nehutachiona hwehutachiona kana hwehutachiona kana zvimwe zvirwere zvakadai sekenza.
Kwemakore makumi maviri apfuura, vatsvakurudzi veCuba's Center for Molecular Immunology vave vachidzidza CIMAvax EGF, chirwere chinotora chinangwa pachikwata chepamusoro chisina duku chekenza yemapapu emapapu (NSCLC). Kunyanya, chirwere ichi chinoita kuti muviri wechirwere chemuviri uwane maitiro ekurwisana ne-epidermal-growth-factor (EGF), kukura kwezvinhu zvinowedzera kuwedzera mumarara masero. CIMAvax EGF yakagamuchira zvakawanda zvemashoko uye ichakurumidza kutora makiriniki muUnited States netariro yokuti chirwere chinogona kunyatsodzivirira kenza yemapapu.
Kuwedzera kune CIMAvax EGF, vatsvakurudzi veCuban vanewo zvakaoma kubasa pane chirwere chakasiyana chinonzi Racotumomab-Alum Vaccine (Vaxira) iyo inoshandiswawo panguva yekupedzisira-NSCLC. Nezvo mupfungwa, regai tiongorore zvatinoziva pamusoro pemushonga weRololtumomab-Alum.
Chii chisati chiri chiduku chekenza yemapapu emapapu (NSCLC)?
MuUnited States, mukenza wemapapu unouraya varume nevakadzi vakawanda kupinda chero hupi hupi hupi hwekenza.
(Iri dambudziko guru muCuba, uyewo - muchikamu nokuda kweiyo yose yeCigan cigar.) NSCLC (kusiyana nekenza yemukomana wemapapu duku) ndiyo yakawanda yemhando yekenza yemapapu, inotarisa 75 muzana yematambudziko ose. Zvinosuruvarisa, zvinenge makumi manomwe kubva muzana zvevanhu vanoziva kuti vane NSCLC chete mushure mekunge chirwere chave chave chiri mberi kana kuti metastatic.
Sezvo vazhinji venyu munoziva, kenza yemapapu inokonzera kukohwa, kupfupika kwemhepo, kuora muviri, kusava nesimba uye pakupedzisira kufa. Mushonga wemapapu wemamapatendi unogona kupararira kumapfupa, chiropa, uye uropi uye zvinokonzera zvimwe zviratidzo zvinotyisa.
Apo NSCLC inobatwa pakutanga, kuvhiyiwa ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa. Sezvambotaurwa, zvisinei, vanhu vakawanda vane NSCLC vanoongororwa pane zvikamu zvekupedzisira ne chemotherapy sezvo ndiyo yakanakisisa yekurapa kwekutanga. Kamwe chemotherapy kana radiotherapy yakaratidza kubudirira zvikuru mukuwedzera hupenyu kune avo vane NSCLC. Uyezve, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofunga kuti tingave takarova rusvingo rwezvidhinha maererano nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwekupona nguva yakagadzirwa nemagadzirirwo emuplatinum-based chemotherapy.
Nekubatsirwa chemo kana mushonga wokutanga muNSCLC inogona kunge yakagadzirirwa, vatsvakurudzi vakafarira zvikuru mukurapa kwechipiri. Kunyanya, vatsvakurudzi vave vachinyanya kutaura nezvekuchengetedza chirwere kana kushandura chirwere . Kurapa kwekuchengetedza kunoreva mutsika yekuenderera mberi kwekutungamirirwa kwepakutanga chemotherapy mishonga kusvikira kenza inopera uye ichifambira mberi. Shandura remishonga inoreva kushanduka kune avo vakasiyana-siyana mushure mekutanga chemotherapy regimen; Mumwe muiti akadaro ndiye mushonga we racotumomab-alum.
Racotumomab-alum vaccine yemukenza wemapapu
Mushonga wemukenza weCuban lung muropa racotumomab uye CIMAvax EGF zvose zviratidzo zvekudzivirira muviri. Ne immunotherapy, vatsvakurudzi vanosarudza maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere zvekuzvidzivirira kurwisa kenza uye dzimwe zvirwere. Kazhinji, miviri yedu hairwi nekenza masero asi inogona "kunyengedzwa" kuti iite saizvozvo nemishonga pamwe nemamwe maitiro e immunotherapy.
Kunyanya, racotumomab (mune an alum adjuvant) inonzi monoclonal antibody inofananidzira mutsara we ganglioside uri muNeuglycolyl (NeuGc), glycolipid inowanikwa mumatomu masero chete. Saka raotumomab inogadzirisa mhinduro yomumunondo apo muviri unorwisa masero emukenza ane Neuglycolyl.
Zvimwe zvisingaiti, Neuglycolyl kazhinji inoshanda semusimba unomunomodulator unoita kuti simba rekudzivirirwa mumuviri ridzivirire.
Kusvika iye zvino, tsvakurudzo pamusoro pe racotumomab yave ichishandiswa kuChikamu II uye Phase III mishonga yemakiriniki. Kunyange zvazvo zvisingakwanisi mune simba uye marefu, migumisiro inobva midzo iyi yave ichikurudzira. Mune rumwe ruzivo, kupona kwemazuva ose kwakaparidzirwa kusvika kumwedzi 8.23 kune vanhu vane NSCLC vakakurumbira avo vaiwana chirwere ichi semutsara wechipiri. (Chekutanga-mishonga kurapwa kwaiva chemo.) Zvisinei, muvatsvakurudzi vatsva vanowana nzvimbobo (boka rinodzora), nguva yakareba yehupenyu hwemazuva yakave 6.8 mwedzi. Uyezve, kupfuurira-kusununguka-kusununguka kwakange kwave kwemwedzi 5.33 kune avo vanogamuchira chirwere chinopesana nemwedzi 3.90 muboka re placebo.
Mukuwedzera pakupa humwe rubatsiro rwekufa, tsvakurudzo inoratidza kuti racotumomab-alum vaccine yakachengeteka nemigumisiro yakaipisisa inongowanikwa kunorwadza panzvimbo yejojo kana kurwadziwa kwepfupa. Uyezve, chirwere chacho hachina mari, uye kubva muna 2011, hurumende yeCuban yave ichirwisa vanhu vane NSCLC kwepasi peadhora dose.
Ichokwadi, kutora mwedzi miviri yeupenyu hwakawedzerwa kumunhu ane mutapu wemapapu angaratidzika seasina basa. Kunyange zvakadaro, tinofanira kuyeuka kuti kune vanhu vane chirwere chemapapu chemapapiro, mwedzi miviri yekupona-kunyanya kupona-kusununguka-kusununguka-kunopa mukana wekushandisa nguva yakawanda nevadiwa uye kugadzirira zvinhu zvega. Kuwedzeresa, kunyange zvazvo kuwedzerwa kwemukati munguva yekupedza nguva inenge mwedzi mitatu (yeuka kuti miviri ndeyekati), vanhu vazhinji vanowana chirwere che racotumomab-alum vanogara kwenguva yakareba kupfuura iyi - kunyanya vanhu vane simba rakasimba re IgM uye IgG antibody immune response.
Nguva bedzi uye nekudzidza zvakanyanya kucharatidza huwandu hwekuti racotumomab ichava nehupano hwemapapu emapapu. Semuenzaniso, hatina chizivo kana mushonga uyu unogona kushandiswa kare mukurapa kwechirwere pane kuti uwedzere kurwara-mutsara. Kunyanya kukurudzira, imwe tsvakurudzo yekutanga inoratidza kuti chirwere ichi chinogona kushandiswa kwete nekenza yemapapu kwete chete nekenza yekenza uye melanoma, zvakare.
Nekupesana kwezvematongerwo enyika pakati peUnited States neKubha kuve nekugadzirisa uye kuwirirana pakatarisana, hatigoni kutarisira kungotangazve kwekutengeserana asiwo kuchinjana kushandiswa kwemashoko. Cuba inopa upfumi hunoshamisa hwechiremba, uye kutsvakurudza kwezvokurapa kwave kuri hurumende yeCastro kwemakumi emakore. Nezvo dzimwe nyika dzakaita zvishomanana kupinda mu immunotherapy, Cuba yakabatsira kutungamirira munda. Kufunga, Cuba yakagadzirisa zvinhu zvakadaro mukati mezvinetso zvakaoma zvebhajeti shoma ... bhajeti inoita mari yakaoma yakawanikwa yeNIH mari inoratidzika sejotori windfall.
Sarudzo Sources
Chinyorwa chakanzi "A Randomized, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial ye Racotumomab-Alum Vaccine seChinch Maintenance Therapy muZvinyorwa Zvisingatauri Zviduku Zvimwe Zvirwere Zvokurwisa Kanzera" naS Alfonso uye vanyori vanyori vakaparidzirwa muChitemen Research Cancer mugore ra2014. / 22/2015.
Chinyorwa chakanzi "Kuchengetedzwa uye Kubudirira kweRucotumomab-Alum Vaccine seType-Line Therapy for
Yakafambiswa Kwete Nemadiki Masero Anonzi Lung Cancer "neE. Santiesteban yakabudiswa mu International Journal of Clinical Medicine muna 2014. Yakasvika musi wa5/22/2015.