Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) yakashanda kwenguva yakareba kuti iongorore zvinetso zveuropi, musana, masangano, uye dzimwe nhengo dzakamira. Mumakore achangopfuura, nekuda kwemaitiro matsva, MRI iri kuratidza kubatsira kwazvo pakuongorora nhengo dzinofamba-mwoyo nemidziyo midzi yeropa.
Chii chinonzi MRI?
MRI inzira yekufungidzira inoshandiswa pachokwadi chokuti mamwe atomic nuclei (munyaya iyi, iyo proton imwe chete inoumba nucleus yeatomu ehydrogen) ichadengenyeka, kana kuti "kuratidzira," kana ichinge ichinyatsobudisa magnetic energy.
Apo iyo hydrogen nuclei resonate inopindura kuchinja mune magnetic field, iyo inobudisa simba rehuwandu hwemhepo. Iyo MRI inoshandisa simba iri rinobudiswa, uye rinoshandura iyo kuva mufananidzo.
Hydrogen nuclei inoshandiswa nokuti maatomu ehydrojeni aripo mumvura mamolekyu (H2O), uye naizvozvo aripo mumarudzi ose mumuviri. Mifananidzo yakawanikwa neMRI scanning inoshamisa uye inonzwisisika. Nemichina yeMRI yemazuva ano, zvifananidzo izvi zvinoumbwa sezvirongwa zve 3-D.
Uye kamwe kamwe mufananidzo we-3-D weMRI unowanikwa mufananidzo iwoyo unogona "kutetwa" uye kuongororwa zvakadzama, uye mune imwe ndege, soda kufanana nekuita chirongwa chekuongorora pane kombiyuta.
Uyewo, kusiyana kwezvinyengeri mumatomu e-hydrogen pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezviviri-kusiyana kwakakonzerwa, somuenzaniso, nekusiyana kwekuyerera kweropa kana muhupenyu hwehutachiona-kunopa simba rakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinogona kusiyaniswa zvinogona kuenzanisirwa nemarudzi akasiyana paMRI kuratidzwa.
Saka, somuenzaniso, MRI inopa nzira dzekuona nzvimbo dzomukati mutsvuku dzisina kubuda ropa (sezvinonzi coronary artery disease - CAD ) kana iyo yakave yakakuvara (seyo myocardial infarction ).
Chii Chinogona Kuita Miridi MRI Ino Nhasi?
Nemhaka yekufambira mberi kwekambanikiti, MRI yakave yakakosha zvikuru mukuongorora kwehutano hwemwoyo yakawanda.
Ikufambira mberi kwakanyanya kukurudzira mwoyo weMRI yakashandura magetsi, izvo zvinopedza zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwemwoyo; uye kushandiswa kwegadolinium, muparanisi akaenzaniswa muropa, iyo inobatsira MRI kusiyanisa zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana mumoyo nemidzi yeropa.
MRI inowanzoshanda mazuva ano kuti iongorore zvinotevera:
Aortic Disease: Nemhaka yezviri pachena uye zvakajeka mifananidzo inogona kubudiswa, MRI yakashandura kuongororwa kwezvirwere zve aorta. Izvi zvinosanganisira aneorysm aortic , aortic dissection , uye kubatana . MRI kuongorora kunenge yava tsika uye inenge iripo inokosha inobatsira pakugadzirisa kugadzirisa kwezvinetso zve aorta.
Myocardial Disease: MRI inogona kubatsira kuratidzira mararamiro uye huwandu hwezvirwere zvemutsipa wemwoyo (myocardium), zvakadai sechirwere chemoyo . Inogona kubatsira kuziva kana chirwere chemyocardial chinokonzerwa neIschemia , kuvhuvhuta, fibrosis, kana zvimwewo zvakadai seamyloid kana sarcoid . MRI inogonawo kubatsira kuongorora huwandu uye mararamiro e hypertrophic cardiomyopathy .
Kumwe kushandiswa kwemuviri weMRI uri kuwana kugadziriswa uri mukuongororwa kwe "hibernating myocardium," mushumo wemwoyo unobatwa nechirwere chetachiona chinotarisa chakafa, asi icho chinogona kugadzirisa basa racho mushure mokuvhiyiwa.
Chimiro cheMwoyo Mwoyo Usingaoneki: MRI inogonawo kuwana uye inoratidza hutachiona hwemwoyo hushoma. Uye muvana vane chirwere chepfungwa chinokonzerwa nehuro, MRI inogona kubatsira kuziva uye kugadzirisa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, uye kuronga nzira dzingagadzirwa yekuvhiya.
Pericardial Disease. MRI inogona kubatsira kuyera huwandu hwehuwandu hwemapurisa , uye kuongorora kugadzirisa pericarditis .
Zvimwe Zvingaitika mune ramangwana Mashandiro eCardiac MRI
Mune miitiro yekushandiswa kwemwoyo weMRI uri kuongororwa kuti pakupedzisira inofanira kuwedzera kubatsira kwemhando iyi kunyanya.
Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Kuona acon coronary syndrome (ACS) . MRI ine mikana yekubatsira mukukurumidza kugadziriswa kweAACS apo munhu ane kurwadziwa kwepfupa, kuitira kuti kurapwa kunogona kutanga nokukurumidza.
- Kuongorora ruzivo rwemarita. Kushandisa MRI kufungidzira kuti maronary coronary inobvira, asi pane zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvinodzivisa kushandiswa kwayo nguva dzose nhasi. MRI yakarurama chaizvo pakucherechedza mabheji muzvikamu zvakakura zveyoronary arteries, asi inokanganisa kana kupfuura chirwere chekuongorora zvirwere muzvikamu zviduku. Inyanzvi itsva dzekutengesa dziri pasi pekugadzirisa dzinofanira kuvandudza chigumisiro ichi
- Kuongorora chirwere chemwoyo X (microvascular coronary artery disease) . MRI yakashandiswa kuona kuti ropa risina kujairika richienda kune zvikamu zvemuviri wemwoyo, pasinei nekushayikwa kwe "COD" chaiyo. Izvi zvinopa humwe hunopupu huripo hwekuti chirwere chemwoyo x chiripo.
Ndezvipi Zvakanakira MRI?
- MRI ine mukana wekugadzirisa mamwe maitiro mana emamwe mapikicha emwoyo: echocardiogram , MUGA scan , thallium scan , uye kuongorora mwoyo catheterization .
- MRI hairevi kuisa murwere kuti ionizing (ingangokuvadza) mihizha.
- Mifananidzo yakagadzirwa neMRI inoshamisa, yakanyatsorondedzerwa uye yakanyatsojeka - yakawanda kudarika mamwe mifananidzo yepfungwa yekufungidzira.
Ndezvipi Kukanganisika kweMRI?
- Kuiswa muMRI scanner kunogona kukurudzira zvikuru claustrophobia munenge 5% yevarwere.
- Zvakaoma kutarisa varwere pavanenge vari muMRI scanner - somuenzaniso, ECG inonyangadza zvikuru-saka nzira iyi haina kukodzera kuvarwere vanorwara zvikuru.
- Varwere vane mamwe marudzi emishonga yezvokurapa yakadai seyamapemaker , zvinogadziriswa zvinogadziriswa uye mamwe mavheti emwoyo anenge asingakwanisi kuva neMRI zvakanaka. Zvisinei, mumakore achangobva kupfuura vanogadzirisa vashandi vanogadziridzwa vanobvumira MRI kuongorora.
- Chifananidzo cheMRI chinoshandiswa nesimbi, saka mufananidzo unogona kunge uripo kune varwere vane zvipfeko zvekuvhiya kana stents, somuenzaniso.
- MRI teknolojia yakaoma zvikuru uye inodhura. Kuti MRI ive pasi pekushandiswa kwakapararira, mari inofanira kuwira zvikuru.
Sources:
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Kramer CM, Barkhausen J, Flamm SD, et al. Chimiro chemwoyo magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) mitemo, hutano hwemwoyo yemaginetic resonance: bhodhi yevatrusti basa rezvematongerwo emitemo yakagadziriswa. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2008; 10:35.
American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force kuUtano Consensus Nyaya, Hundley WG, Bluemke DA, et al. ACCF / ACR / AHA / NASCI / SCMR 2010 nyanzvi yekubvumirana kwemashoko pamusoro pemwoyo yemagnetic resonance: mushumo weAmerican College yeCardiology Foundation Task Force paUnited Consensus Documents. Circulation 2010; 121: 2462.