Pakati Mhete Bones Mabhiza Anoendesa Kumbongo
Iko-ossicles yokuongorora ndeyeketani yemapfupa maduku mukati mezeve inotambanudza inzwi kubva panzeve kunze kune nzeve dzomukati kuburikidza nemagetsi ekudengenyeka.
Mazita emapfupa ayo anoumba ossicles audory anotorwa kubva muchiLatin. Manyore anoshandura ku "nyundo," iyo incus ndiyo "chifukidzo," uye stapes ndiyo "shungu."
Pakati pepakati pakunzwa, zvitatu zvemapfupa anoongorora zvinopinda munzvimbo isina chikuru kune mbeu yemaruva.
Nzira iyo Auditory Ossicles Inoshanda
Chinangwa chekuongorora ossicles (iyo inonziwo chishongo chemaosi) ndechokutumira inzwi kuburikidza neketani yekuita kwekudengenyeka kunobatanidza eardrum kune nzeve dzomukati uye cochlea. Kana imwe nguva kudengenyeka kwasvika kune cochlea, hove, segorosi-sekamuri yakazara nemvura, inoshandurirwa mumagariro emagariro ayo uropi huchitsanangurira sezwi.
Iko rinotanga kushandiswa kwemaketani rinotanga kana rwiyo rwuri kusvika kune eardrum (tympanic membrane). Izvo zvinodzvinyirira zvinoshandiswa kune marleus, iyo yakavepa bone inoshandiswa pane imwe yezvisungo zviviri zvekunyora.
Izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinobva zvapfuura kune zvinonzi incus izvo zvinoshandiswa pane imwe sangano risina kunyanya kushandiswa mushure mekuendesa mafungiro kusvika kune stapes, iyo yaro inenge isingarati yakangofanana nekuputika asi ndiyo duku kudarika mumuviri.
Basa rekuongorora mabhuku ossicles rakakwana kana iyo inopinza inopindira inopfuurirwa nechochlea kuburikidza newindo revharo (kuvhura pakati pepakati uye nzeve yomukati).
The auditory ossicles inoshanda basa rinokosha pakunzwa pakuti inoshanduka mafungu emhepo kubva kumhepo kusvika kumhepo yakazara-fukidzana iyo cochlea. Vanonyatsokurudzira kudengenyeka kunenge makumi matatu (30) decibel (dB) kuti vagadzirire kuchinja uku.
Mutemo weZvirevo
Mukuwedzera pakufambisa kunzwa, maossicles ekuongorora anoshanda basa rinodzivirirwa paanoratidzwa nekuenderera mberi, nenzwi guru.
Apo izvi zvinenge zvichiitika, mishonga yeeardrum (inonzi stapedius uye tensor tympani misumbu) ichabvumirana. Iko kunomesa kunoderedza kukwanisa kwe eardrum kudedera, nokudaro kunogadzirisa kufamba kweaicicles chekuongorora uye kukanganiswa kwezwi.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza, zvisinei, izvi hazvisi mhinduro pakarepo. Ikopa iri pakati peeardrum neuropi uye mushure inofanira kutanga inokurudzirwa nenzwi guru risati rasvika. Sezvo zvakadaro, eardrum nekunzwa zvinogona kusachengetedzwa kubva pakarepo kamwe, ruzha rukuru rwemheremhere.
Zera rinogonawo kutadzisa kufamba kweiyo, zvichiita kuti vanhu vakwegura vatambure pakunzwa kuora.
Kushungurudzika kweApriitory Ossicles
Inonzi ossicles yokuongorora inogona kuitika dzimwe nguva, zvose zvakananga uye zvisingaiti. Kukuvadza kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwokunzwa, dzimwe nguva kwakaoma, uye kunogona kusanganisira:
- Otosclerosis , mamiriro ayo mapfupa anoongororwa anokanganiswa uye dzimwe nguva anoda kuvhiyiwa kuti kugadziriswe
- Kusiyana kwemapfupa anoongorora nemhaka yekuputsika, kushungurudzika, kana chirwere chisingaperi
- Cholesteatoma , cyst inokura shure kweeardrum uye inopesana nekufamba kwemafupa anoongorora
- Eardrum kuputika kana utachiona (myringitis) iyo inoderedza mafungiro emagetsi kumapfupa anoongorora
- Utachiona hutachiona hutachiona hunogona kukonzera kushanduka kwemvura kunogadzirisa kuvhenekera bone
- Genetic disorders iyo inopesana nekuvandudzika kwemazuva ose ekunyora ossicles
> Kwakabva:
> Saha, R .; Srimani, P .; Mazumdar, A. et al. "Morphological Variations of Middle Ear Ossicles uye Clinical Implications." J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11 (1): AC01-04. DOI: 10.7860 / JCDR / 2017 / 23906.9147.