Intravenous, Percutaneous, uye Zvose Mimwe Nzira dzekutarisira Mishonga
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzemishonga yekurapa (nzira iyo mushonga unoiswa mumuviri). Kubva pane mishonga chaiyo inoshandiswa, chiyero chekudya chinoshandiswa, uye nzvimbo chaiyo yekuita (apo mushonga unoda kuva nemigumisiro) chiremba wako kana mhizimisi achakudzidzisa iwe nzira yekutarisira inoda iwe.
Zvizhinji zvekushandisa zvinodhaka zvinogadzirwa nenzira imwechete yehutungamiri uye inofanira kushandiswa sekurondedzerwa nekuchengetedza .
Routes of Mishonga Administration
Muzvizhinji, mapoka maviri emishonga ekurapa aripo: parenteral uye nonparenteral. Izvozvi mapoka maviri anoonawo kuti kana kwete here mishonga inoramba iri mune imwe nzvimbo yemuviri (munzvimbo yemaitiro) kana yakagadzirirwa nehutachiona hwehurumende kuti igoverwe kune miviri yemaviri (systemic effect).
Parenteral
Iyi nzira yekushandisa inosanganisira mishonga iyo inorohwa mumuviri chero kupi zvako kunze kwemu muromo kana kuti zvokudyaaryary canal (iyo yose ndima iyo zvokudya zvinopfuura nemuviri kubva mumuromo kusvika kune anus) zvinosanganisira denga, dumbu, uye matumbo).
Kazhinji, parenteral ndiyo nzira yakatendeseka, yakananga uye yakakurumbira yekupa mishonga. Izvi zvinoshandiswa apo zvimwe zvakakwana zvakazara uye kuwedzerwa kushandiswa kwechirwere kunodiwa.
Inotsanangura chero mishonga inorohwa mumuviri nenzira dzinotevera:
- Intradermal (injecting drug in the first layer of the skin)
- Subcutaneous (injecting directly into fatty tissues under the skin)
- Simba (injecting directly into muscle)
- Intraarterial (injecting a drug directly into artery)
- Intracardiac (injecting directly into the heart)
- Intravenous (injecting directly into a vein)
- Intrathecal (injecting into the canal spinal)
- Epidural (injecting into epidural nzvimbo yemutsipa weropa)
- Intraperitoneal (injecting directly in the stavity cavity)
Nhanho yekudzivirira inopesana ne parenteral administration, asi inokurumidza kupfuura kunyora mumuromo , iyo inonzi nonparenteral route. Zvimwe zvisingabatsiri zvekushandisa parenteral nzira ndezvokuti kune ngozi shoma yehutachiona, kukuvadza kwemaviri, kurwadziwa uye / kana kushushikana kwevamwe varwere.
Nonparenteral
Nonparenteral ndiyo nzira iyo mishonga yemuromo (mapiritsi, capsules, syrups), mishonga yemasikirwo (mafuta, mazamu akafanana ne nitro), uye suppositories (vaginal uye rectal) inoshandiswa. Iyi nzira inosanganisira:
- Muchirevo (mishonga inotorwa nemuromo uye inogadzirirwa muitiro kuburikidza nekugadzirisa chirongwa.Kubvumira kunonoka .. Mishonga inoshandisa sarudzo iyi haigone kushandiswa kana kurutsa kuri kuitika.)
- Zvinyorwa zvinyorwa (mishonga inowanikwa pasi porurimi kuti inyorerwe nemuviri)
- Nyaya dzepamusoro (dzinoshandiswa zvakananga kune chikamu chemuviri)
- Transdermal (zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa kuburikidza neganda rekugadziriswa kwemuitiro. Mienzaniso inosanganisira patdermal patches)
- Ophthalmic (inoshandiswa kuburikidza neziso, kazhinji iri mumhando yemadonhwe)
- Otic (inoshandiswa kuburikidza nenzeve)
- Nasal ( inotungamirirwa nemhino)
- Rectal (inobatwa nechitsipa chepasi chekudya)
- Vaginal (inoshandiswa kuburikidza nemudzimai)
- Mucosal (mishonga inowanikwa kuburikidza nemhino kana inhaled uye inoshandiswa kuburikidza nemucheka mumasasa kana kuti bronchioles, pamwe chete. Mishonga yemishonga yemishonga inoonekwawo mucosal.)
- Mishonga inoshandiswa (mishonga inoshandiswa zvakananga kuburikidza neganda kusvika muropa.) Mimwe mapiritsi ekuberekwa uye hormone kushandiswa kunoshandiswa nemakumbo anowanikwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye nenzira yakafanana kuburikidza neganda, somuenzaniso.)
Kubatsira kwekushandisa nzira idzi dzisiri dzenzira ndeyekuti zviri nyore uye zviri nyore kune vakawanda.
Zvinosuruvarisa, kana iwe uchinetseka, kurutsa, haugoni kumedza, kana kuva nemukaka, kutora mishonga kuburikidza nehutachiva hwemuviri hahukurudzirwi.