Nzira Yokuverenga Nayo Mirairo Yemaziso
Kana iwe wakambotarisa zvakatarisana nemirayiro yako yegirasi, iwe wakangodaro wakashamisika kuti unganzwisisa sei nhamba iyo dzose uye zviratidzo. Kuti zvidudzirwe pasi rose, zvinyorwa zvemaziso zvegoni zvinonyorwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaenzana neanozivikanwa. Hezvino tarisa mutsara wechigadzirwa chemaziso chekuona uye kufamba-kuburikidza nenzira yekuverenga nayo:
Muenzaniso:
OD: -2.00 - 0.50 x 180
OS: +1.00 DS
ADD: +1.75 OU
Chidzidzo muLatin
Mumwe anofanira kutanga atora zvidzidzo zvishoma muchiLatini kuti ave nechinangwa chechigadzirwa chemaziso cheziso. Chirevo chechiLatini chinowanzoshandiswa mukurapa kwehutano kunyora mitemo yezvokurapa nemirairo yegirasi. Izvi zvinyorwa zvishoma nezvishoma zvishoma nokuti mitemo yezvematongerwo enyika nemitemo inotanga kuderedza kuzvidzora pavari.
Tsamba OD inomiririra "oculus dexter" uye inoratidza ziso rakarurama. Tsamba OS dzinomirira "oculus sinister" uye inoratidza ziso rezasi. Tsamba EO inomiririra "oculi uterque" uye inoreva maziso ose.
Numeri, Numeri, Numeri
Mirairo yeOglass ine nhamba - nhamba uye nhamba dzakawanda. Mumuenzaniso wedu pamusoro, nhamba yekutanga kusvika kurudyi yeOD ndeye -2.00. Izvi zvinoonekwa se "sphere" chikamu chechirevo. Nharaunda nhamba inoratidza kuswedera pedyo kana kuti kutarisa . Kazhinji, chiratidzo chiduku (-) chinoratidza lens inotyisa-iyo inoshandiswa kugadzirisa kusatarisa.
Chiratidzo chakanaka (+) chinoratidza lens rakanaka-ine simba rinoshandiswa kugadzirisa mberi.
Nhamba inotevera mune imwe mienzaniso yezvinyorwa zvemaziso ndeye -0.50. Iyi nhamba inomiririra "cylinder" chikamu chechirairo. Imwe izwi ye cylinder is astigmatism uye inomiririra musiyano mukuputika uye simba pakati pepfungwa mbiri paziso, rakaparadzana ne 90 degrees.
Nhamba inotevera x 180, iverengwa se "axis 180." Nhamba iyi inoratidzira ma angle kubva kune 0 kusvika ku 180, inomiririra nzvimbo ye-positive meridian mune ziso iro rine astigmatism kana rakanyorwa mumusana wechidimbu chechimiro, sekumuenzaniso uri pamusoro apa.
Neziso rezasi, iwe uchaona kuti "sphere" nhamba iri pamwe chete (+1.00) DS. Tsamba DS dzinoreva " diopters sphere" uye dzinoratidza kuti kururamisa kweziso kweseri kwese kwakasikwa zvakasikwa uye hakuna maitiro astigmatism. Mune mamwe mazwi, cornea yeziso yerudyi ingave yakagadzikana zvishoma, uye chikamu chekupedzisira cornea chiri pedyo zvikuru nekuve zvakakwana kumativi ose. Zvakajairika kunyora SPHERE kana DS semunhu ane nzvimbo munzvimbo ye- astigmatism kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti muverengi wechiremba anoziva kuti chiremba haana kukanganisa kukanganwa kuvhara cylinder kana astigmatism kururamisa.
Pakupedzisira, ADD nhamba ye +1.75 inomiririra simba rinofanira ku "kuwedzerwa" kure nemirairo yekupa murwere zviratidzo zvakajeka pamusana pezvidzidzo zvekuverenga uye pedyo nenzvimbo. Nhamba iyi inowanzosipo mune zvinyorwa zvemajeri ezvidiki. Nepo vamwe vechidiki vanogona kutanga kuswedera pedyo nekuisa zvinetso uye vanoda "kuwedzera" simba, zvinowanzoratidza kuti murwere anoda simba rinobatanidzwa sezvaanotanga kusunungurira kuswedera kwekutsvaga kwake (chinetso chinowanzotanga kukura sezvatinosvika makumi masere. )
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga zvisiri izvo kuti +1.75 isimba rinodiwa pakutengesa magirasi ekuverenga . Zvisinei, iwe unofanirwa kuita kashanduro shomanana kuti uwane simba rose rinodiwa kwemairazi ekuverenga ari oga. Mumuenzaniso wepamusoro, iyo -2.00 +1.75 = -0.25. Saka chirevo chekuverenga magirasi eziso rakarurama raizove -0.25 - 0.50 x 180. Neziso rekuruboshwe, kuverenga kuri +1.75 +1.00 = +2.75 DS
Cherechedza kuti vanhu vazhinji vane mitemo yakasiyana nemuenzaniso wakaratidzwa pamusoro uye kazhinji vane nhamba dzakafanana musimba maziso ose. Uyu muenzaniso wakasarudzwa kuratidza musiyano pakati pezvinyorwa zvisingatariswi uye zvakatarisa uye kuti nhamba idzi dzinobata sei maverengero anowanzoitwa nevarapi vezvechirwere, maitiro uye ophthalmologists .
Zvimwe Zvinyorwa
Izvozvi ndezvimwe zvishomanana mamwe mavhesiro aungasangana nawo pazvinyorwa zvako zvemaziso:
- SVD - Single Vision Distance, kana magirazi ari kure
- SVN - Single Vision Near, kana magirasi ekuverenga chete
- Sphere - Simba rine simba rine simba rakafanana mune meridians rose
- Sirivha - Simba rinogadzirisa rinogadzirisa astigmatism uye rinomiririra musiyano mune simba guru reziso uye simba risina simba reziso, rinowanzoparadzaniswa ne12 degrees.
- Axis - inoratidza majeko (mumadhigiri) pakati pemamiriyeri maviri eziso rinotarisa
- PD - (kureba kwepupillary, kana kure pakati pezvikoro zvevadzidzi vaviri pakati pemeso) Ichi chiyero chinokosha pakugadzira magirazi anononoka kupfeka uye optically akakwana.
- Prism - Prism haisi inowanzotaurwa. Inowanzonyorerwa kuti ibvise mufananidzo mune imwe nzira kune varwere vane-eye- strabismus kana imwe misi yeziso kana kuti zvinotarisa matambudziko.
Sezvaunogona kuona, kuverenga tsamba yako yegoni rinogona kuvhiringidza. Zvisinei, nekudzidza zvishomanana nekudzidzira, iwe uchakwanisa kuverenga murairo wako wegirasi reyeshini sep pro kana iwe unenge uchida.
Kunobva:
Eskridge, J. Boyd, John Amos naJimmy D. Bartlett. "Zvirongwa zveKliniki MuOptometry." Copyright 1991 neJB Lippincott Company, Chitsauko 18 - "Monocular Subjective Refraction" naPolasky Michael, peji 174-188.