Chickenpox inopararira zvikuru uye inogona kupararira kuburikidza nehutano nemunhu ane hutachiwana, pamwe chete nemhepo inodzivirira kuputika (madonhwe anotapurirwa mumhepo kana mumwe munhu achinyunyutira kana kukokera). Kutora matanho ekugadzirisa kushamwaridzana nevaya vane chickenpox kunobatsira mune zvekudzivirira, asi nzira chete (yakakwana) inofungidzirwa kuti irege kutapukirwa nechirwere chevaricella chinokonzera chirwere ichi kuburikidza nekuwana chirwere chechickenpox.
Kudzivisa
Sezvo vanhu vane utachiona vari kupararira kwemazuva maviri kusvika maviri vasati vaita kukurumidza, zvinoita kuti vaonekwe kune mumwe munhu ane chickenpox vasati vatomboziva kuti vanorwara. Muchiitiko ichocho, pane pachena kuti hausi zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita maererano nekuderedza kusvibiswa kwako-kunyange, chokwadi, nguva dzose iri pfungwa yakanaka yekutevera maitiro ehutano hwehutano hwekudzivirira hutachiona nemhando ipi zvayo yehupembenene, sekugeza maoko ako kazhinji.
Kana zvasvika pakurongedza zvakajeka nezvehutachiona hwechickenpox kana uchiziva kuti uri kutenderera uye iwe usati wambove uchiripo kana wapora vachipikisana nawo, pane zvimwe zvingwarira zvaunofanira kutora:
- Gara kure nevarume vanorwara nehukupupox kana shingles, kana zvichibvira.
- Kupfeka kushandiswa, kwete-latex magirafu paunobata zvinhu kana zvisikwa zvingave zvakatarisana nehutachiona.
- Pazvikepe zvekutya, vashandi vane chickenpox vanowanzorayirirwa kuti vafukidze sleeve refu uye bhuruku refu refu kuderedza nhamba yemablister vamwe vanhu vangave vakazarurirwa. Funga kushandisa zano iri paunenge uchipfeka mwana ane chickenpox.
- Funga kuumba "imba inorwara" inofadza kune imwe nhengo yemhuri ine chickenpox-nzvimbo inofadza yaanogona kuzorora kunze kwekunzwa sega iri kure nevamwe vose.
- Usapindira makapu, ndiro, kana midziyo yekudya nemunhu ari kurwara wemhuri. Shamba chero zvinhu zvakadai zvaanoshandisa mumvura yakashambadzirwa kana mumoto wakatsva, soapy.
- Shandisa maitiro asingagadziri (nzvimbo dzinogadziriswa, matoroki, dhivhari, zvimwewo) nemiti yakagamuchirwa neAvironment Protection Agency yekuuraya zvipukanana zvakadai semavirusi. Chlorine bleach (muchiyero chekota imwe kapu pamarita emvura) ichaita zvinyengeri, asi dzimwe nzira dzisina-bleach dzakachengeteka. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvipembenene zvinoshandisa bluach alternatives yakadai seokisijeni bleach kana hydrogen peroxide.
- Usatsvoda munhu ane chickenpox: Kutaurirana zvakananga nema blisters, kunyanya chero chipi zvacho chisati chapera, iko kukukoka kune utachiona.
Vaccination
Sezvo chirwere chevaricella chakatangwa muna 1995, kune ngozi shomanana yekurwara nehuchipopox. Pane zvirwere zvishomanana zvino zviripo.
Varivax (varicella virus vaccine iri kurarama) ndiyo inonyanya kusarudzwa inoshandiswa. Nhamba yekutanga inopiwa kuvana vane mwedzi inenge gumi nemashanu panguva imwecheteyo semasikisi akazvimirira, mumaspipe, uye rubella vachengeti (MMR). Chipiri chechipiri che Varivax chinopiwa pamakore emakore mana kusvika kumatanhatu, zvichida nemumwe muro weMMR kana sechikamu chechirwere chakabatanidzwa chinonzi ProQuad (MMRV).
Shingles (herpes zoster) inogona kukura apo varicella yehutachiona inogadziriswa makore mushure mekutanga chickenpox. Zvirwere zvinopesana neizvi zvakakosha pakudzivirira kurwisa shingles, asiwo chickenpox: Kunyange zvazvo mumwe munhu asingakwanisi kupfuura shingles pachake, mumwe munhu ane dambudziko rinogona kupinza hutachiona, izvo zvinogona kukonzera chickenpox mune vanhu vasina kumbobvira vaine iyo kana kuti vachengetedzwa naro.
Kune vanhu vakuru, kune zvirwere zviviri zvokufungidzira. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa, Zostavax (zoster vaccine inorarama, kana ZVL), inopiwa sechirwere chimwe chete pazera remakore makumi matanhatu kana kupfuura. Chinhu chitsva, Shingrix (recombinant zoster vaccine, kana RZV) inonzi inoshanda. Inoumbwa nehuwandu hwehutachiona hunouraya uye hunokurudzirwa kuvanhu vakuru vane makore makumi mashanu kana kupfuura. Inowanzopiwa mumatare maviri-dose, uye wechipiri kupurwa kunopiwa miviri kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekutanga.
Mishonga yakagadzirwa nehutachiona pachayo (Varivax, Zostavax) yakararama asi yakagadziriswa shanduro dzevaricella. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti hutachiwana hwave husisina kusimba pane zvaungawana kune mumwe munhu ane utachiona.
Iyi virus isina simba inokonzera masero uye inodzokorora muropa, iyo inokonzera maitiro ezvirwere zvekudzivirira zvirwere kuti ave nehutachiona hunorwisana nawo.
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, utachiona huno hahudziri zviratidzo. Kana munhu akapora achiwana chickenpox, chirwere chacho chinonyoroka 95 muzana yenguva. Nguva yakareba iyo ma antibodies inoramba ichibudirira inokakavadzana, asi zvinoita sekuti kupemha kunopa hutachiona hunogara kwenguva refu.
Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nechirwere chechickenpox zvinowanzova zvinyoro uye zvinosanganisira pasi-gwara fever, kusuruvara kwakanyanya pane nzvimbo yekudzivirira, uye kurwiswa kwechinguva (zvitatu kusvika kune zvishanu) panzvimbo yekudzivirira.
Ndiani Anofanira Kuwana Chirwere Chickenpox?
Maererano neCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, vanhu vane hutano vasina kumbobvira vaine chickenpox kana vaimbove vachakemerwa vanofanira kuwana chirwere maererano nezvinodiwa zvinotevera:
- Vana vanofanira kuwana miviri miviri yejokupu yekukuya-yekutanga pamwedzi 12 kusvika ku15 uye yechipiri pakati pemakore mana kusvika kumatanhatu.
- Vechidiki (13 uye vakuru) uye vanhu vakuru vanofanira kuwana miviri miviri, mavhiki mana kusvika masere.
Haisati yakazivikanwa kwenguva yakareba sei varicella vachengetedzo inodzivirira, asi zvidzidzo zvemazuva ano zvinoratidzira hutachiona hunotora makore makumi maviri.
Ndiani Asingafaniri Kuwana Chickenpox Vaccine
Ikoko chickenpox vaccine yakachengeteka uye inobudirira, asi kune mapoka mashomanana evanhu hazvina kuchengeteka. Heano mamwe mazano:
- Vanhu avo vanorwara, kunyange kunyatsotarisana, kana vakagadzirirwa kuwana pfuti vanofanira kugara vakamirira kusvikira vadzoka.
- Vakadzi vane pamuviri vanofanira kumirira kuti vawane chirwere chechickenpox kusvikira vana vavo vaberekwa. Saizvozvowo, zvinokurudzirwa kumirira kwekunenge mwedzi mushure mokunge utanga kupfura musati waedza kubata pamuviri.
- Munhu wose ane HIV / AIDS kana chimwe chirwere chinokanganisa maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri; ave achitora mishonga inobata maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri, zvakadai steroids, kwevhiki mbiri kana kupfuura; ane chero mhando yekenza kana iri kurapwa nekenza nekemotherapy kana kuti mazairo haafaniri kuwana varicella vaccine pasina kutanga kutarisa nachiremba ari kuvabata.
- Vanhu avo vachangobva kuwedzerwa kana kupiwa dzimwe mishonga yeropa vanofanira kutaura nachiremba wavo pamusoro pemishonga vasati vawana.
- Vanhu vaimbova nehupenyu hunopisa chirwere chegelatin, chirwere che antibiotic neomycin, kana kuti chirwere chekare chechickenpox hachifaniri kuvharwe kana kufanirwa kubvunzurudza chiremba wavo kutanga.
Vamwe vanhu avo vachengeti vayo vacharamba vakachengeteka vakasarudza kuti varege kuzvipfura, vachifunga kuti kana vachienda mberi uye vachirwara ivo chete vanofanira kutsungirira kushungurudzika kamwe chete uye vacharwisana nehutachiona hunoenda mberi, sezvo miviri yavo vakasika chirwere chekuzvidzivirira. Saizvozvowo, munguva yakapfuura, pave nevabereki vakasarudza kuzarura vana vavo kune varicella chirwere pane izvo zvinonzi "mapoka enyama".
Asi kutaurira chinangwa varicella hazvina kunaka kune ani zvake. Kana kamwe varicella chirwere ichibvumirwa mumuviri, hachisiyi, kunyange mushure mokunge zviratidzo zvipi zvinokonzera zvakapera. Pane kudaro, hutachiona hunotora hurumende, iyo inogona kurara kwenguva refu kwemakore emakore uye pakarepo inoshingaira zvakare muchimiro chechirwere chinonzi shingles.
Shingles inokanganisa 10 muzana yevanhu vanopfuura makore 60, maererano neCDC. Inokonzera kuputika kunorwadza kunorwadza, kunetseka, uye kusatarisa uye kunogona kusiya kupera kusingaperi. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvekushongedza zvinogona kusanganisira misoro, kushungurudzika kune chiedza, uye general malaise.
Ichi chakaitika hachina kufadza. Kana usina kumbobvira uine chickenpox kana kuti uine vana vaduku, iwe unogona kuzvidzivirira nekutsvaga nechingoro chiduku.
Sources:
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Nhungamiro Yekutengesa Ngarava pa Varicella (Chickenpox) Management. July 14, 2016.
> CDC. Shingles (Herpes Zoster): Clinical Overview. Feb 21, 2018.
> CDC. Varicella Vaccine Kuchengetedzwa uye Kuongororwa. Apr 5, 2012.
> Environmental Protection Agency. Green Cleaning, Sanitizing, uye Disinfecting: A Curriculum For Early Care and Education . 2013.
> Medline Plus. Varicella (Chickenpox) Chirwere. Oct 15, 2012.