Indaneti Kufambidzana, Kusachengetedzwa Kwepabonde uye Kurapa Kwepabonde
Vanhu vokuAmerica vanoshandisa nzvimbo dzekufambidzana dziri paIndaneti nemapurogiramu kupfuura mamwe mapoka evanhu. Kune matani ekudyidzana kwemaIndaneti nemapurogiramu kunze uko, kusanganisira Match.com, eHarmony, Tinder, uye Adam4Adam. Nzvimbo imwe neimwe yekufambidzana inoita kuti zvive zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, eHarmony inozvidzivirira pakugadzira nguva refu yekubatana pakati pevashandisi; asi, Tinder inonyanya kuzivikanwa nekuda kwekugadzikana-hook-up.
Uyezve, Adhamu4Adam is online gay dating site.
Vanhu vazhinji vanofarira kusangana nevamwe paIndaneti, uye kufambidzana kwepamberi kunounganidza vanhu avo vangave vasati vasangana. Kune nhoroondo dzakawandisa dzevanhu vanosangana nevechazouya nemumwe wako kana kuti zvimwe zvakakosha paIndaneti yekufambidzana.
Kunyange zvakadaro, kune rumwe rutivi rwemafambidzani ekufambidzana neInternet: Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinozvidya mwoyo pamusoro pehuwandu hwehutachiwana hwekuita chirwere chepabonde (STI) chinosangana nekusangana nekambani yekutsvaga paIndaneti. Izvi zvinonyanya kutaurwa pakati pevarume vane unhu husina kudzivirirwa nevamwe varume vasingashamwaridzani-unhu hunozivikanwa se "barebacking." Kutaura zvazviri, nyanzvi dzinobatanidza kuchangobva kubuda mu gonorrhea, chlamydia uye syphilis zvichikwira pakudzokorora kwekusabata. A
Nzvimbo Dating Dating Sites Dzinoshanda Sei?
Vashandi vanotanga kuisa purogiramu yemunhu paIndaneti. Nzvimbo yepaIndaneti inogona kuva nezvimwe zvinotevera:
- sociodemographic info
- munhu anoda
- munhu asingadi
- zvinodiwa
- mhando dzevadzidzi vanoda
- mhando dzehukama hunoda
- zvepabonde
- zvepabonde uye zvisingadi
Mushure mokuverenga purogiramu, vashandisi vanogona kuratidza kufarira kune mumwe nemumwe-somuenzaniso, mudzidzi anogona "shandura kurudyi" paTinder kana "wink" paMatch.com. Kana kufarira kuri pamwe, vashandisi vanogona kuramba vachitaurirana kuburikidza neInternet dating platform uye kana vachienderera mberi neukama paIndaneti kana kusangana munyika chaiyo.
User Characteristics
Nyanzvi dzehutano hwehutano uye vanachiremba zvakafanana zvakanyanya kunetseka nezvepabonde risina kudzivirirwa uye kutapurirwa kweHIV pakati pevanhu vanoshandisa nzvimbo dzeInternet dating uye mapurogiramu zvepabonde chete. Ndapota zivai kuti idzi nyanzvi hazvifungi nezvevanhu vanoshandisa teknolojia yakadaro kuti vadzike hukama hwemakore akawanda.
Indaneti inogona kuva nzira inokurumidza uye inobudirira yekubatanidza. Kutanga kutsvakurudza kunotipa mufananidzo wakajeka wevanhu vanoshandisa Indaneti nzvimbo dzekuita zvepabonde zvakananga. Vashandisi ava vanowanzova varume vanoita zvepabonde avo vanosarudza kurara nemukomana. Vanowanzova nehuwandu hwehupenyu hwepabonde hwepabonde kupfuura vanhu vasingashandisi Indaneti kutsvaga zvepabonde. Zvinofadza kuti vanhu vakawanda vanoshandisa Indaneti nekuda kwepabonde vanogona kushandisa kondomu; zvisinei, nhamba yakawanda haiti, iyo ndiko kunotanga kunetseka.
Nhoroondo, vakadzi vanoshandisa nzvimbo dzeIndaneti dzekufambidzana kuti vagadzire hukama hwepabonde dzinowanzova dzakachena uye dzakwegura. Vanowanzoshandisa makondomu uye vanoedza nguva dzose zvezvirwere zvepabonde.
Kutsvakurudza Zvakawanikwa
Zvitsva kubva kuongororo dzinobatanidza inhare dzeInternet dzekufambidzana uye zvirwere zvepabonde zvinosanganiswa Uyezve, kunyange nyaya iyi inonyanya kunetseka pakati pevakawanda, pane zvakawanda zvisiri kutsvakurudza pamusoro pehurukuro.
Mubvunzo umwe mukuru wekuremekedza sangano ndewokuti vanhu vanofarira kusangana pabonde vasina kudzivirirwa-kunyanya, kurara kwepabonde kusina kudzivirirwa kana kusununguka-vanoshandisa Indaneti kuti azadzise chido ichi kana kuti nzvimbo dzeIndaneti dzekufambidzana ivo pachavo dzinosimudzira chiitiko ichi.
Muhurukuro yekuongorora ya2008 yakanzi "Varume Vanoroorana Nevanhu uye Vanowana Bareback Sex Partners paInternet: Zvinokonzerwa neHIV neHIV Prevention and Client Education," munyori Christopher W. Blackwell anotaura kuti varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume vanowanzoshandisa Indaneti kuti kutsvaga nyore nyore vashandisirwe vasina barebacking. Zvinoshamisa, vazhinji vevarume ava vanotsigira kuchengetedza zvepabonde zvakachengeteka pamapato avo.
Munyori anoenderera mberi achiratidza kuti imwe nzira yekuderedza kusangana kwakadai ndeyekubatanidza hutano hwehutano hwehutano munzvimbo yeInternet dating site. Kupindira kwakadaro kunogona kutora mukana wekuparidzira, kutaurirana, matanho emabhanisi uye kusikwa kwezvikamu zvekudzidzisa zvakakwana.
Migumisiro inobva kuDutch huru yekudzidza yakabudiswa muna 2016 inoratidza kuti pakati pevarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume, hakuna hukama huripo pakati pekushandiswa kweInternet dating sites uye nekudzivirirwa kwepabonde isina kudzivirirwa. Nemaziso, vatori vechikamu mukudzidza vakanyoreswa pamakiriniki eTV muAmsterdam.
Mukutsvakurudza uku kweDutch, vatsvakurudzi vakanyatsoona kuti kusava nekushamwaridzana kwakananga pakati pevarume vasina HIV. Pakati pevarume vane HIV, kwaiva neshamwari isingabatsiri pakati pekufambidzana neIndaneti uye unzenza husina kudzivirirwa. Pakupedzisira, pakati pevarume vasina chokwadi nezvehutachiwana hwavo hweHIV-chidiki chiduku chevatori vechikamu-kurara kwepabonde kusina kudzivirirwa kwaiwanzoitika kune vamwe vakawana paIndaneti pane zvaiva nehukama hwekusava nehana.
Vatsvakurudzi vakawana zvakare kuti kuwirirana kwehutachiona hweHIV kwaive kutarisa kwehupombwe husina kudzivirirwa. Mune mamwe mazwi, vatori vechikamu vakangwarira kuti vangangova nehupombwe vasina kudzivirirwa nevarume vaiva nehutachiwana hweHIV. Izvi zvakakosha nokuti mishonga inopesana nemishonga inogona kupararira pakati pevanhu vane HIV. Mukutaura zvakajeka, munhu ane HIV anokwanisa kurapwa ne antiretroviral therapy anogona kuenderera mberi kuti ave nehutachiwana neumwe hutachiwana hweHIV huri kurwisana nehutano hwakadaro nokudaro boding mugumisiro wakaipisisa. Sezviri pachena, varume vari muchidzidzo ichi vanoongorora mumwe nomumwe kune kuti ndeapi matambudziko anotakura (chiito chinonzi serosorting ) vasati vasununguka.
Zvinokurudzira
Mushure mechirwere cheAIDS chema1980, varume vakawanda vakamira vasinabacking uye vakatanga kushandisa makondomu. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, zvakadaro, chiitiko chacho chinodzokorora uye chakanyorwa nezvekuwedzera kwemajaya pakati pevarume vemavara, vemauto neLatinino vanogara muNew York City, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Miami uye mamwe maguta makuru eU.S. Uyezve, varume vemazera ese vari kuve nekurara kwepabonde vasina kudzivirirwa, kusanganisira varume vemazana emakore vanogara kuburikidza nehosha yeAIDS uye vanoshandisa kondomu kwenguva refu mushure mechirwere.
Pamwe pane chikonzero chimwe chete chinoita kuti varume vasarudze kuva nehupombwe husina kudzivirirwa. Pane kudaro, izvi zvinetso zvakaoma uye zvinokonzerwa nekubatanidzwa kwezvinhu.
- Varume vane bareback vanoona kuti tsika yacho inokurudzira, inofadza uye inofadza.
- Indaneti yakaita kuti zvive nyore kuwana shamwari dzisinganzwisisiki dzinobata unhu husina kudzivirira. Kune zvivako zvakatsvakwa pakuwana vasinabacking shamwari, uye vashandi vanogona kusarudza vamwe zvichienderana nehutachiona hweHIV.
- Kushungurudzika kunogona kuva chiratidzo chekusununguka kwepabonde, kupandukira, nekugonesa.
- Varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume havachaoni HIV sehosha inouraya. Pane kudaro, vanozviona sechirapa. Nekutyisidzirwa kwekufa kusisati kwasvika pakakwirira, varume ava vangave vasisina hanya nezvengozi yekutapukirwa neHIV, uye funga kuti kana vakawana HIV, vanogona kuwana mishonga. Izvi zvinokanganisa nokuti (1) haisi dzose zvinokonzerwa neHIV zvinorapwa uye (2) chirwere chisingaperi chisingabatsiri chinotapukira, kusanganisira kushungurudza, kusvetuka, kuputika kweganda, chirwere uye chirwere chepurojekiti.
- Kushandisa mapiritsi emishonga-akadai se-ecstasy, GHB, ketamine, uye crystal meth-yave ichibatanidzwa nechisimba.
- Kushungurudza kunogona kushandiswa kurarama nekuzvidya mwoyo nekuzvidya mwoyo. Uyezve, kuora mwoyo kungaitawo kuti tive netsika iyi kune vamwe.
- Kufungidzira kwemuviri, kuzvidzora, uye kuzvidzora kunogona kuita kuti barebacking. Kunyanya, varume vanobvumirana nemitambo iyi vangaita sekunakidza kune umwe wepabonde.
- Varume avo vakadzokera kumutambo wekusununguka pashure pemakore ekushandisa makondomu vanotaura "kuneta kwepabonde rakachengeteka."
- Vechiduku vaduku vevarume vanoita zvepabonde vasina kumboona chirwere cheAIDS vangave vasingaone kuti kudyidzana kwacho kuduku kudarika sei kushandiswa uye kusanyanya kuderedza makondomu uye kuvimba kwekudzivirira hutachiona hweHIV. Zvizvarwa zvakwegura, vanoyeuka denda reAIDS, vanofara kubhadhara mutengo muduku uyu kuti varambe vachirwara pasina.
- Kuenzanisira kwekusava nemubhedha kungave kuti nekuve nehutachiwana hweHIV, munhu asina hutachiona hweHIV angaderedza AIDS kushungurudzika. Mune mamwe mazwi, hakuchazovi nechikonzero chekutya nezvekuwana HIV kana uchitova nazvo.
- Mune imwe nyaya yakanzi "Kuita Zvepabonde Zvisina Kuita: Gay Men, Barebacking, uye Kukuvara Kunokuvadza," munyori Michael Shernoff anonyora zvinotevera: "Kupindira kwevanhu vanoita zvekuita vana vanogona kuita kuti vanhu vasava nehanya nekugadzira pfungwa dzisinganzwisisiki kuti murume gayana haakoshi uye haasisina basa, nekudaro anowedzera pfungwa yake kuti iye anoshandiswa, uye ndizvo zvavari varume vaanoita zvepabonde uye avo vaanoda rudo nekugutsikana. "
Pamusoro pezvinhu zvose zviri pamusoro apa, rufaro uye ukama hwekuita zvepabonde zvisina ngozi zvinogona kurira dzimwe zvikonzero zvose zvekutora chikamu mumusana wepabonde asina kudzivirirwa. Zvisinei, kungotaura kuti kusava nemunhu kune zvaanoda ndiko kunoderedza. Zvisarudzo sokunge kuti iwe uite chikamu mumutambo uyu kune zvakawanda zvakanyanya.
Pasi Pasi
Kana uri kushandisa nzvimbo dzekufambidzana dzeInternet kuti uise hukama hurefu kwenguva refu nemumwe munhu, dambudziko rekugadzirisa zvirwere zvepabonde zvingave risina kukura pane kusangana nemumwe munhu angave ari pamwe naye paIndaneti.
Kana uri kushandisa nzvimbo dzekufambidzana dzeInternet kuti uwane zvepabonde chete, tapota chenjerera zvikuru uye shandisa makondomu uye uongororwe zvirwere zvepabonde nguva dzose. Kunyanya, kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti vazhinji vanoita zvepabonde uye varume vanoita zvepabonde vanoshandisa zviitiko izvi vachitsvaka mikana isina kubhadhara, uye vamwe vevarume ava vane HIV.
Kunyange zvazvo zvisingaiti kuti munhu mumwe nomumwe angapararira HIV nechinangwa kune mumwe murume, vanhu vakawanda vane HIV havazivi kuti vakagadzirirwa. Ndapota usanzwa uchinetseka kuti ushandise kondomu uye usaramba wakangwarira mukusimbisa kwako kushandisa kondomu nemumwe munhu ane zvepabonde ane chimiro chisingazivikanwi. Yeuka kuti kunyange zvazvo tine hutano hwakanaka hweHIV, uye chirwere ichi hachiri mutongo wekufa kamwechete waimbove uripo, ichiri chirwere chisingagumi uye chakakomba chinoda kuti kurapwa kwehupenyu hwose huve kusinganzwisisiki uye dzimwe nguva kukanganisa migumisiro yakaipa.
Pamusoro pekupedzisira, nekuda kwekuti hutano hwehutano hwevanhu hune hanya zvikuru nezvekushamwaridzana pakati pepaIndaneti kushamwaridzana nenzvimbo dzepabonde nevarume vanoita zvepabonde mune varume vanoita zvepabonde, tapota usafunga kuti vakadzi havasi pangozi, zvakare. Kutaura zvazviri, mitero yeHIV yakakwirira kwazvo pakati pevakadzi vemavara.
Vakadzi vanotsvaka kusangana kwenguva pfupi dzepabonde vanofanira kuomererawo pakudzivirirwa uye kuongororwa nguva dzose. Kutanga, njodzi yeHIV uye dzimwe zvirwere zvepabonde zvinogara zviripo nemhando ipi zvayo yekusagadzikana kwepabonde. Chechipiri, zvepabonde zvinotonhora, uye vanhu vakawanda vanoshandisa nzvimbo dzekutsvaga paIndaneti nekuda kwekukanganiswa kwevamwe vanhu vanoita zvepabonde. Vanhu ava vanogona kupa mungozi kune vakadzi vanoita navo zvepabonde kubva kune vamwe vakadzi chete asiwo nevamwe varume, zvakare. Uye zvakare, kutsvakurudza kwakawanikwa kunoratidza kuti pane huwandu huwandu hwevarume vane hutachiona hweHIV vanoedza kubvisa zvishuvo zvepamusoro paIndaneti, vazhinji vevasingazivi kuti vane HIV.
> Sources:
> Blackwell CW. "Varume Vanoita Zvepabonde Nevarume uye Kuwana Bareback Sexual Partners paInternet: Zvinokonzerwa neHIV neHIV Prevention and Client Education. " American Journal of Men's Health ." 2008; 2: 4.
> Bolding G et al. Gay Varume Vanotsvaka Zvepabonde paInternet: Pane Pane Zvimwe Zvakawanda zveHIV / STI Njodzi Nevashandi veIndaneti? "AIDS. 2005: 19.
> Couch, D. "Kuroorana nekubatana: Kushandiswa kweIndaneti Kuonana Nevamwe Nezvepabonde" (Thesis). November 2008.
> Heijman T et al. "Kufambidzana Kwepabonde Kunotungamirira Kune Njodzi Yakakwirira Yepabonde B ehaviour? Chidzidzo cheMuchinjikwa-Chikamu Pakati peSMM muAmsterdam, kuNetherlands. " BMC Infectious Diseases . 2016; 16: 288.
> Shernoff M. "Kuita zvepabonde zvisina kukodzera: Varume veGay, Kutarisana, uye Kukuvadza." Basa reMagariro . 2006; 51: 2.