Chagas chirwere chirwere chinotapukira chinokonzerwa neTerpanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) parasite. Sezvo chirwere chinopfuudza chinogara kuCentral America, South America, neMexico, iyi ndiyo iyo huwandu hwehutachiona hunoonekwa, kunyange zvazvo dzimwe mamiriro ekupedzisira akangowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kweUnited States. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanenge vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni 8 muLatin America vane chirwere cheChagas, uye vanhu vakawanda vasingazivi nezvehutachiona.
Kana ikasiyiwa isingateereri, chirwere cheChagas chinogona kuva hupenyu hwose uye chinokonzera moyo wakakomba uye zvinetso zvekudya.
Zviratidzo
Chirwere cheCasgas chine zvikamu zviviri: chikamu chakaoma uye chigarire chisingaperi. Pamwe, chirwere chinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvishoma kana kuti zvachose, kana zvinogona kuguma kuva upenyu hunotyisa.
Acute Phase
Chimiro chakaoma chechigas chirwere chinowanzotanga kusvika kumasvondo makumi matanhatu mushure mokunge mave nehutachiwana naT . cruzi . Chirwere cheCacgas chinowanzova chirwere chisina kunaka, kazhinji chisina zviratidzo zvachose kana nezviratidzo zvakadai sechirwere ichi:
- Fever
- Kuneta
- Headache
- Mapundu
- Muscle aches
- Kudzorera lymph nodes
Unogona kuonawo zviratidzo izvi:
- Kufuridzira uko ganda rinokurudzira iwe
- Kudzora mapofu (s)
- Appetite kurasikirwa
- Dambudziko rekugadzirisa zvakadai sokunyunyutira, kurutsira, kana chirwere
Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kupfuurira kwemavhiki kana mwedzi uye kazhinji zvinogadzirisa ivo pachavo, asi chirwere hachibvi pasina kurapwa. Inogona kuenda kune chikamu chisingagumi, ichikonzera matambudziko anouraya upenyu gare gare, ichi chikonzero nei kurapwa panguva yechikamu chakakosha zvakakosha.
Kubatanidzwa Kwemwoyo: Dzimwe nguva chirwere chakaipa cheChagas chinogona kukanganisa mwoyo wako. Vanhu vane hukama hwemwoyo vane zviratidzo zveacute myocarditis (kuvhiringidza kwemwoyo wemisvo), uye vanogonawo kunge vane pureicarditis yakaoma. Zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvekushanda kwemwoyo zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Chipfuva chepfu
- Dyspnea (kukurumidza kufema)
- Kuchinja pane electrocardiogram yako ( ECG )
- Uchapupu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona ( hutachiona hunounganidza mukati memwoyo) pane echocardiogram
Kazhinji kacho, matambudziko emwoyo anoonekwa nehosha yakaipa yeChagas inogadzirisa zvachose mushure memwedzi mishomanana. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vane chirwere chinotyisa cheChagas vachakurumidza kufambira kuhupenyu husingagumi hwekushaya simba kwemoyo , uye vanenge 5 kubva muzana vanofa nehosha yemwoyo panguva yekurwara kwakanyanya.
Chronic Phase
Mushure mechikamu chakaoma cheCargas disease resolves, vanhu vakawanda vasingatendi vanopinda kune izvo zvinonzi chisingagumi chine indeterminate (kana chimiro) chirwere chacho. Chimiro chisina kugadziriswa chechigas 'chirwere chinoratidzwa nekushaikwa kwakakwana kwezvirwere kana zviratidzo.
Kana uine chirwere chinonzi Indeterminate Chagas, unozviratidza uye unonzwa uchitaridzika zvachose, uye une chirwere chepfungwa chemazuva ose, kusanganisira ECG uye echocardiogram. Zvisinei, kuongororwa ropa kunoratidza kuti une chirwere chisingaperi chine T. cruzi . Vanhu vazhinji vanogara muchikamu ichi chisina nguva uye vasina zviratidzo zvehupenyu hwavo hwose.
Chirwere chisingaperi chine chirwere cheChagas chinokanganisa 20 kusvika kune makumi mapfumbamwe kusvika ku30 muzana yevanhu uye inogona kuonekwa yakawanda semakore gumi kana makumi maviri mushure mokunge mave nemukondombera, zvigara kwemakumi emakore. Zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvisingagoneki chirwere cheChagas chave chakanyanya uye chinogona kutyisa upenyu chinogona kusanganisira zviratidzo zvemuviri zvinotaurwa pamusoro apa, uyewo:
- Kusagadzikana kwepfungwa
- Heart failure
- Moyo kuwedzera
- Kuwedzera kweColon, iyo inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakanyanya uye kurwadziwa mumimba
- Kuwedzera kwemasimba ako, izvo zvinogona kukonzera marwadzo uye kuoma kukumedza
- Kungoerekana kwafa
Kana iwe uri muchirwere chisingagumi chechirwere cheChagas, ngozi yako yehupenyu yekukudziridza imwe kana yakawanda yemwoyo iyi kana zvinetso zvepamuviri inenge inenge 30 muzana. Chagas chirwere chemoyo chinowanzoonekwa makore mashanu mushure mekushaya chirwere, uye zvinogona kunonoka kwenguva refu kupfuura iyo. Chagas chirwere chemoyo chinetso chakakosha uye chinowanzokonzera rufu kana kuremara kwakakomba.
Ichokwadi, pedo nehutachiona hwehutano, chirwere cheChagas ndicho chinokonzera kukanganisa kwemoyo muLatin America.
Zvinokonzera
Chagas chirwere chinokonzerwa neTrypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) parasite, inowanikwa mumakanda emakumbo ematatu eSouth America, Central America, neMexico. Utachiona hunowanzoonekwa mumaruwa, kunyanya mudzimba dzakagadzirwa neAdobe, dope, uswa, kana chechi, uye kudya nyama yevanhu nemhuka. Chagas chirwere hachijairika kune vagari vomuguta uye kazhinji hachikwanisi kumaruwa eLatin America, kunyange zvazvo kune mamiriro ayo munyika yose.
Vanhu vazhinji vanopinda chirwere ichi pavanorohwa ne-triatomine bug inotora chirwere ichi kubva kune munhu ane utachiona kana mhuka. Zvirwere zvinonzi Triatomine zvinosvibisa uye zvinowedzera kuruma chiso chako usiku apo iwe uri kurara, ndicho chikonzero ivo vanozivikanwa se "kutsvoda zvibhakera." Vanozvidzivirira pakarepo mushure mekukurumai, saka sarasi yakasara paganda rako iyo inogona kupinda mukati memuviri wako kuburikidza nekuruma, kana nekusaziva zvisingazivikanwi mumaziso ako, muromo, kana kutemwa kana kucheka.
Iwe unogonawo kuwana chirwere chaChagas nenzira dzinotevera:
- Mu utero (amai vane utachiona vanogona kuendesa kune vacheche)
- Kugamuchira chirwere chetachiona kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwepachikafu
- Kuwedzerwa ropa kubva kune munhu ane utachiona
- Kudya zvokudya zvakasvibiswa izvo zvinoputirwa kana zvakasvibirira
- Kujekesa mu laboratori
Kuziva
Kana iwe uchifunga kuti unogona kuva nechirwere cheChagas, chiremba wako anotanga kukupa kuongorora kwemuviri ndokuzokubvunza pamusoro pezviratidzo zvako uye zvingaita kuti iwe uone kuT. cruzi parasite. Iye angangozoita kuongororwa kweropa kuti aongorore zvirwere zvepachirwere, izvo zvinogona kusimbisa kana kutonga kana kana usina Chagas chirwere . Kana kuongorora ropa kwako kwakanaka, chiremba wako anogona kuedza kuongororwa kuti aone kana uri muchikamu chinoshanda kana chisingaperi uye kana wakagadzirisa chero matambudziko. Iyi miedzo yakawedzerwa inogona kusanganisira echocardiogram, electrocardiogram, X-ray muchifuva, X-ray yemimba, kana kuti endoscopy yepamusoro.
Kurapa
Kurapa kwechirwere cheCasgas kunosanganisira kuuraya chirwere cheT. cruzi uye kurapa zviratidzo nezviratidzo zvingangodaro zvinetso zvakadai sekushaya mwoyo kwemwoyo kana chironga chemwoyo, pamwe nekushanda kudzivirira kufa kamwe kamwe. Nyanzvi dzinobvumirana kuti zvakakosha kuporesa varwere vane chirwere chakanyanya chaChagas, uye zvichida nehutachiona hwekutanga hweChagas, ine antiparasitic drug therapy inotarisirwa naT . cruzi .
Iyo mishonga miviri iyo inogona kuva yakakunda neT. cruzi inonzi benznidazole uye nifurtimox. Zvose izvi zvinodhaka zvinowanzokonzera kushaya simba, uye chete benznidazole inogamuchirwa kuti ishandiswe neDain and Drug Administration (FDA). Zvisinei, uye hazviwanikwi muma pharmacy eUnited States, vanachiremba veAmerica avo vanoda kurapa murwere kuna T. cruzi vanofanira kuwana mishonga iyi zvakananga kubva kuCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Kana zvakatorwa kare zvakakwana, mishonga iyi inenge inenge zana muzana inoshanda mukurapa chirwere chaChagas.
Icho uchapupu hushoma kuti kubata vanhu vakuru vane indeterminate kana mikukutu maitiro eCagas chirwere chinorwisa antiparasitic chinogadzirisa zvinogumira. Zvisinei, vanachiremba vanopa mishonga iyi kune vanhu vari pasi pemakumi mashanu uye vane hutachiona husingaperi kana husingaperi hwechirwere cheChagas nokuti zvinodhaka zvinogona kuderedza zvinetso izvo chirwere chinogona kukonzera, kunyange zvazvo vasingagoni kuchirapa.
Kudzivirira chirwere cheChagas hachisi chekuda kwevaAmerica, kunze kwekuti vari kurarama kana kuenda kumaruwa rweLatin America nyika. Kune avo vane hanya, mazano anotevera anogona kubatsira:
- Ngwarira kuchengetedza zvokudya uye kushandisa
- Chengetedza nzvimbo yako yekurarama, kunyanya muimba yako yekurara, yakachena (iyo inotora nzvimbo dzekugara kwemhuka, zvakare)
- Ita yako yekugara yakaputirwa nemishonga inouraya nekuparadzanisa unyanzvi
- Iva nechokwadi chokuti mapofu kana zvipfigiro mumba mako zvakazadzwa
Shoko Rinobva
Kana iwe ukasangana nechirwere chaChagas, usanetseka. Zviitiko zvakawanda hazvidi kuti zvipatara uye kana ukawana mushonga pakarepo, chirwere chinogona kurapwa. Kunyange kana iwe usingazivi kuti une chirwere ichi uye unopedzisira uri muchigarire chisingaperi, kurapwa kunogona kubatsira uye iwe unopfuura makumi manomwe kubva muzana mukana wekusava nekugadzirisa chero matambudziko zvachose. Kana iwe une dambudziko, zviratidzo zvako zvinogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya, hutano hwako hunogona kuvandudzwa zvikuru, uye kuponesa kwako kunogona kuwedzerwa apo utsinye, maitiro ekurapa emazuva ano anoshandiswa.
> Sources:
> Bern C. Chagas 'Dendaase. The New England Journal of Medicine . July 30, 2015; 373: 456-66. doi: 10.1056 / NEJMra1410150.
> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Chagas Disease: Detailed FAQs. Dhipatimendi reUnited Health Health and Human Services. Yakapedzwa musi waDecember 19, 2017.
> Gali WL, Sarabanda AV, Baggio JM, et al. Mushonga weCardioverter-Defibrillators for Treatment of Sustained Ventricular Arrhythmias muVachipatara NaChagas 'Heart Disease: Kuenzanisa Neboka Rinodzora Rakatarisana NaAmiodarone Pamwechete. Europace. May 2014; 16 (5): 674-80. doi: 10.1093 / europace / eut422.
> Kirchhoff LV, Rassi A. Chagas Disease uye African Trypanosomiasis. Muna: Kasper D, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine , 19th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015.
> Mayo Clinic Staff. Chagas Disease. Mayo Clinic. Yakapedzwa musi waOctober 3, 2017.