Kukuvadza kwechirwere kunogona kuitika kana pakaoma kana chigadzirwa chemakemikari ichigadzirwa kana kuti chimedzwa, zvichida nechinangwa kana chakaipa. Vana vari pakati pezera remakore 1 kusvika ku3 vanonyanya kunetseka kuti vashandise zvipembenene zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvinowanzoitika. Zvisinei, vana vari pasi pemakore mashanu vanomiririra inenge hafu yezvakaitika. Vanhu vakuru vane kukuvadza kwekukuvadza kunowanzobatana nehutano hwekushanda kana kuedza kuzviuraya.
Kukuvadza kwechirwere chinowanzoitika munharaunda yako yepamusoro yokufema (muromo, muromo, throat kana pharynx, uye izwi bhokisi kana larynx) uye chikamu chepamusoro chekudya (esophagus, stomach, and duodenum). Ngozi yekukuvadza inowedzera yakabatana neyokuti acidic kana kuti yakadini yehuwandu hwe pH (inogona ye hydrogen) ndeyekugadzirwa. A neutori pH ndiyo 7. Pasi pasi pH ndiyo, iyo inowedzera acidic chigadzirwa chacho, nepo pH yakakwirira inonyanya kukosha. Zvinhu zveAlkaline zvinosanganiswa ne70 muzana yemagariro ekunyanganisa; iyo yakasara iyo inowirirwa inomiririrwa nekugadzira michina ye acidic.
Caustic vs. Kurwisa Kukuvadza
Muchidimbu, zvose zvinokonzera uye zvinoparadza zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana. Zvisinei, iwo mazwi anokwanisa kushandiswa kusiyanisa rudzi rwemakemikari yakakonzera kukuvara. Caustic inoreva zvakasimba zvemakemikari zvinogadzirwa izvo zvinokosha kana kuti alkaline. Kukonzera kune rumwe rutivi kunoreva zvemiti yemakemikari yakaoma kwazvo.
Caustic and corrosive agents vanogonawo kunge vane chepfu, zvisinei kwete zvose zvinokonzera uye zvinopisa zvinopisa. Mahomisi anotora nguva yekukonzera kukanganisa, asi zvinokonzera uye zvinogadzirisa zvinogona kukuvadza mhuka yemuviri pakarepo paunobata. Mahomisi kazhinji haabvumiri kukanganisa kwekune imwe nzvimbo, asi kunokonzera kushandiswa kwehutano mumuviri wako.
Sezvakangoita nemabhuku akawanda, tichatarisa kune zvose zvinokonzera uye zvinoparadza se "caustic."
Zviratidzo
Kune zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kutevera kuvhara kwemakemikari. Izvi ndezvikonzero zvepH dzakasiyana-siyana zvezvigadzirwa, huwandu hwekudya, uye nguva yekukurukura nemuviri wemuviri. Kazhinji, kana iwe usina zviratidzo, unogona kunge usina kukuvara kwakanyanya. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti iwe hauna kukuvara uye kutevera-chiremba angave achidikanwa. Kana uri kutarisana nezviratidzo zvitatu kana kupfuura, kukuvadzwa kwakakomba kuhupenyu hwako kunogona kuratidzwa. Iwe unogona kuona zviratidzo pakarepo pakupedza, kana iwe unogona kuona zviratidzo maawa akawanda gare gare. Powdard inowanzoratidza zviratidzo zvishoma pane kuiswa kwemvura inokonzera mvura. Zviratidzo zvaungatora zvinosanganisira:
- Kuputika-chiratidzo chinowanzoonekwa
- Dysphagia (kunetseka kumedza) - 2 ndowakawanda
- Odynophagia (kumedza kunorwadza)
- Kupfupika kwemhepo
- Tachycardia (kukurumidza kwema moyo)
- Chipfuva chepfu
- Marwadzo emudumbu
- Kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemate
Matambudziko akakura anokonzerwa nekukuvadza kunogona kuitikawo kusanganisira chirwere chisingaiti uye chinogona kusanganisira kufa. Nemhaka yehutano hwakanyanya, iwe unogara uchitarisana neChese Control pa (800) 222-1222 .
Products to Avoid
Alkaline Products
Mishonga yakawanda yekuchenesa misha ine alkaline kana makemikari anokosha. Mishonga yemumba iyo inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwechirwere kana inorowa iri muhutachi hwep-11 kusvika ku14, kunyange zvakadaro michina ine pH ya 8-10 inogona kukuvadza vamwe. Zvinhu zvekunze zvaunofanira kumira kunze kwekusvika kwevana zvinosanganisira:
- Kushambidza zvakachena: Liquid Plumr uye Liquid Drano
- Oven cleaners: Easy-Off
- Tsitsi dzinovaraidza: Revlon Creme Relaxer
- Amoniya cleaner: Lysol All-Purpose, Windex
- Laundry detergents: Tide, Purex
Chimwe chinhu chinowanzobatanidzwa mukuchenesa zvinonzi sodium hydroxide. Lye uye soda sodha mamwe mazita e-sodium hydroxide, asi anogonawo kushandiswa se potassium hydroxide.
Sodium hydroxide inoshandiswa uye ine simba yekuchenesa agent.
Kukuvara kwechirwere kunowedzera kusanyanya zvakanyanya nemakemikari e-alkaline nokuti dumbu rako redu rinogona kukonzera kana kuenzanisa mamwe emaraki. Mumuromo uye panopa, zvisinei, zvigadzirwa zvealkaline zvinobva zvangoerekana zvakuvadza mhuka yacho kusvikira mvura inenge iri mukati medu inogadzirisa zvakakwana chigadzirwa chinokonzera. Kukuvadza kunokonzerwa nemishonga yealkaline inonzi sequefactive necrosis , zvinoreva kuti kuora kunouraya masero kunoshandura mamwe mavara kuva fomu yakasvibiswa.
Aicdic Products
Kukuvadzwa kwechirwere kunowanzoitika zvishoma kudarika sezvo michero ye acidic inowanzokonzera marwadzo kana iri mumuromo. Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswawo zvekare zvinowanzova zvishoma, zvinoita kuti zvishoma zvikuvadze zvachose kune sopu sezvo mvura inosvika mudumbu nokukurumidza. Dumbu rezasi (iro rinozivikanwawo se "antrum") ndiro rinowanzoita kukanganisa kwakakura kunoitika sezvo kuyerera kwezvinhu zvinogadzika zvamira pano. Zvokudya mumudumbu zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza kukanganisa kunoitika sezvo zvokudya zvinogona kutora asidi. Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa ne pH pasi pe2 zvinonyanya kuipa. Mishonga yaunofanira kuchengeta kubva kune vana inosanganisira:
- Muchengetedzo wembiya yewaini: Lysol, Kaboom
- Kushambira hosha yakachena
- Rust removers: CLR (Calcium, Lime, Rust), Evapo-Rust
Zvishandiso zvinogadzirwa zvinokonzera kukanganisa kunonzi inonzi neagrosis necrosis , iyo inoumba mazamu uye zvisikwa zvitsvuku panzvimbo yekukuvara. Zvinotendwa nokuti nekuda kwechigadzirisa uye zvishoma zvishoma zvinowanzokonzerwa nekuda kwekutambudzika kwechigumbu mumuromo kuti zvishoma zvachose zvinokanganisa zvinoitika nekuisa kweAicid kana zvichienzaniswa nea alkali.
Zvakadini NeBheach?
Bleach is a caustic alkaline agent, however, it is usually misused as causing serious injuries. Bleach inowanzotengeswa sekusatenderera pH product (zvinoreva zvakapoteredza pH ye7). Nemhaka yepH kusapindira mune zvematongerwo enyika, bleach inowanzoonekwa sechinhu chinopesana kupfuura chinhu chinokonzera. Kazhinji, kuwedzerwa kwe bleach kunoda kungocherechedza zvakanyanya zviratidzo zviri pamusoro apa. Izvo zvinongorongedzerwa sehutsinye hunopesana, hufema nemimwe migumisiro inokuvadza inogona kuitika kana kuwanda kuri kukwana kana kuputika kunoitika.
Kuoma Kwekukuvadza
Kuoma kwekukuvara kwechikonzero kunotaridzika zvakaenzana neyoyo imwechete sekutsva. Zvisinei, vamwe vanachiremba vangawedzera chikamu chechina chekukuvara kwakanyanya.
- Kutamba (edema) uye kubwinya (hyperemia)
- Kuchengetedza
- 2a - mavara ehutachiona asina kuchena uye kuchenesa micheche yakachena
- 2b - zvipembenene zvakadzika uye kubuda ropa zvinowedzera kunze kwekukurukurirana
- Matongo akaparara
- 3a - nhamba shomanana yenzvimbo dzakapararira umo mhuka dzafa
- 3b - nzvimbo dzakadzika umo maronda akafa
- Kurohwa - kuputika kana kutsemuka kunotungamirira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzomuviri
Kuwanda kwekukuvara kunogona kutsanangurwa kuburikidza nekuona nzvimbo iyo panguva yekupedzisira inonzi EGD. Mhedzisiro yakanakisisa inowanzoitika kana iwe wakangowana chikwata chekutanga chechipiri kana chechipiri; kugadzirisa zvizere kunowanzoitika. Kana uine chikamu chechipiri chechipiri kana chikamu 3a, iwe unogona kunge une chiremera chisingagumi (maitiro) kune nzvimbo yakakuvadzwa. Chikamu 3b kana 4 chinotakura ngozi yakawanda yekukonzera rufu; inenge 65 muzana. Chimwe chirevo chinopiwa pasi peChirango cheCaustic Ingestion .
Kurapa
- Usati uchinje marara, sezvo asingasungiri zvinhu zvinokonzera
- Usatambisa kurutsa; zvinokonzera kuvharwa kwechipiri chekuyerera, mhepo, muromo, uye mhino kuzvinhu zvinokonzera
Mushure mokucherechedza kuti kuisa kwechirwere (kana kuti chinogona kukonzera) chinhu chakaitika, iwe unofanirwa kugara uchinge uchitaura nePoison Control. Inowanzonziwo yakachengeteka kunwa mvura kana mukaka mushure mekupinza kwechikafu chealkali kana kuti acidic kuitira kuti uwedzere chinhu chacho. Zvisinei, iwe unofanirwa kurega kunwa zvakanyanya nekudzivirira zvinopfuura 15 milliliters emvura inokwana kilogramu imwe (2.2 pounds) yehutemi hwemuviri.
Hapana mubvunzo kuti pfungwa yekutya inokonzera kana wakaziva zvakaitika. Kuziva kuti chii chaunotarisira kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa kutya uye kukumanikidza kuti utore matanho. Ziva kuti zvose zvinoitika zvinoitwa nokuda kwechikonzero-kukubatsira kuti uwanezve uye urambe uchirarama zvakanaka. Kudzvinyirira Chepfu kuchakubatsira kuti uone kana uchida kuenda kuchipatara kana kwete. Zvisinei kana kufema kuchiita kunge kwakaoma, iwe unofanira kugara uchidana EMS - Emergency Medical Services (911 muUnited States), uye tsvaka rubatsiro rwechiremba pakarepo. Kana kukwanisa kwako kuramba uchienda kune imwe nzvimbo kunetseka, EMS kana dhipatimendi rezvekukurumidzira (ED) chiremba achaisa bhuku rinofema (intubation).
Paanosvika padhipatimendi rekukurumidzira, chido chekupedzisira endoscopy (EGD) chichaongororwa. Kazhinji, EGD ichaitwa kana kuvepo kwaitika pakati peawa 12 ne48. Kana kuedzwa kuchiitwa kare kare, kuwanda kwekuparara hakugone kuonekwa zvakakwana. Mushure memaawa makumi maviri uye iwe unogona kuisa pangozi yekukuvara nekukuvadza kuburikidza nekugadzirisa denga racho nehuwandu.
Zvichienderana nekuoma kwekukuvara, unogona kubudiswa, uchicherechedza kwemaawa masere, kana kuti ukabvumirwa kuchipatara kuti uwedzere kutungamirirwa kwekukuvara kwako. Kana kukuvara kwako kwakanyanya zvakakwana, tube yekudya inogona kuiswa panguva yeEGD kuitira kuti usaramba uchikuvadzwa ne "mafupa" kuiswa. Iwe unogonawo kuva nefodya yekudya yakaiswa gare gare pasi pe fluoroscopy . Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogonawo kutangwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekukuvara uye ngozi yehutachiona. Ikozvino haisi mhinduro yakasimba ye-steroids, zvisinei, iwe unogona kuona iyo yakatemwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Kana wakamboshungurudzwa zvakanyanya kana usina kukwanisa kuva neEGD yaitwa maawa makumi maviri nemaviri, ipapo iwe unogonawo kuva nechikwata chekugadzirira chirongwa chekuongorora kune chero zvipingamupinyi (strictures) kana kubvongodzwa kunings (perforation). Kana zvibvumirano zvikaonekwa, zvinowanzoita kuwedzereka kwepfungwa . Kana kutevedza kuchidiwa, iwe unogona kazhinji kutarisira kuedzwa kunofanira kuitwa kwemavhiki matatu gare gare.
Mukukuvadzwa kwakakomba kukuru, kuvhiyaniswa kwekuvandudza kwemasimba ako kana kubviswa kwechikamu chesophagus (esophagectomy) kunogona kudiwa.
> Sources:
> Bird, JH, Kumar, S, Paul, C & Ramsden, JD. (2016). Nharo muhutungamiri hwechirwere chinokonzera kuipa: uchapupu hunotungamirirwa. Clin Otolaryngol. doi: 10.1111 / coa.12819.
> Schoem, SR, Rosbe, KW & Bearelly S. (2015). Cummings Otolaryngology: Aerodigestive Mamwe Masimba uye Caustic Ingestions. 6 th ed. Elsevier
> Triadafilopoulos, G. (2016). Caustic inophageal kukuvara kune vanhu vakuru. Yakapinda musi wa1/11/2017 kubva kuUtToDate (Kubhadhara Kunodiwa).
> Weigert, A. (2005). Caustic ingestion muvana. Ramba uchidzidzisa Anaesth Crit Care Pain. 5 (1): 5-8. doi: 10.1093 / bjaceaccp / mki007
> Wightman RS, Verenga KB, Hoffman RS. (2016). Uchapupu-Hwakagadzirirwa Kutarisirwa kweCheustic Exposures In The Emergency Department. Emerg Med Pract. 18 (5), 1-17