Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinokonzera vanhu kuti vawane dialysis kana kutemwa
Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamiswa kuziva kuti mafungiro asina hanya kazhinji haatangi nehosha yeitsvo, asi chaizvoizvo kazhinji kechipiri kune dzimwe zvirwere zvechirwere zvakadai sechirwere cheshuga kana kuwedzerwa kweropa. Kunyange zvazvo zvirwere zvepfungwa zvepfungwa zvinokonzera kusvuta kwepfungwa dziripo, rupo rwavo kune huwandu hwevarwere huri kukura kusvibiswa kwehvo hudiki.
CHOKWADI & MIFANANIDZO
Nenguva yakajeka, hezvino zvikonzero zvina zvakakonzera kukanganisa kwepso, zvakare kunonzi sekupedzisira-stenal renal disease (ESRD):
- Diabetes mellitus
- Hypertension
- Glomerulonephritis
- Cystic yechirwere chirwere
Chirwere cheshuga chetsvo , chinonziwo chirwere cheshuga nephropathy ndicho chinokonzera kukanganisa kwetsvo, uye kune varwere vanoenda kuchigamba chechirwere chechirwere chisingaperi (CKD) chinoda dialysis. Kusvikira kumakore ekuma1980, chirwere cheshuga nehutachiona chakashandiswa kugovana zvakaenzana nekuguma kwepuro kusakona (kuguma-gwara renal disease). Zvisinei, kubva panguva iyo chiitiko ichi chakatanga kukura zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kune chirwere cheshuga chepabonde. Sezvakazoitika muna 2013 United States Renal Data System (USRDS) Report, chirwere cheshuga zvino chisingabatsiri chinokonzera vanhu vanopfuura 50 000 vachikurira zvirwere zvepfungwa zvakadzama (zvinoda dialysis kana kuti mafungiro ekuchinja mupfumi) gore roga roga ! Nhamba yakafanana yehutachiona ndeyema 30,000.
Sezvikamu zvevarwere vese vane chirwere chokuputika kana zve dialysis gore negore, chirwere cheshuga chinokwana 44%, asi huwandu hwehutachiona hunokonzera inenge 28%. Mufananidzo uri munyaya ino unoratidza kuti zvirwere zvinokonzera kushaya kwepvo zvakashanduka sei pane vashoma vashoma makumi emakore.
Iyo nzira iyo chirwere cheshuga uye kukwira kweropa kunokonzera kushaya kwepfungwa kusinganzwisisiki kwenyaya ino, asi ndakabata pamusoro pavo muchidimbu pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzangu.
Chiitiko chinokurudzira chiitiko chinonzi "adaptive hyperfiltration", ndicho icho ndatsanangura pane imwe nzvimbo.
Glomerulonephritis zvinoreva kuvhunika kwe glomerulus uye nephrons. Tsanangudzo isina tsanangudzo yezvivakwa izvi ingave iyo iyo inoumba mafungiro ezvinoshandiswa uye kushandiswa kwemagetsi. Kuvhiringidzika pano kunogona kuitika kubva kuzvinhu zvinokonzera, asi zvakanyanya zvikonzero zvinogona kuva zvinodhaka, zvirwere zvega autommune zvakadai se lupus, kanzira, uye zvirwere. Basa rehso mune mamwe marudzi e glomerulonephritis rinogona kuderera nokukurumidza zvikuru, dzimwe nguva pamusoro pemazuva emavhiki. Kusiyana nedzimwe nhengo dzezvirwere dzinotaurwa munyaya ino, ropa mumuti chiratidzo chikuru.
Pakupedzisira, tsitsi dze cystic , dzimwe nguva dzinozivikanwa sePolycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) chirwere chakagara nhaka yeitsvo dzinogona kukonzera kusvuta kweiyo. Inotanga mumhuri, ichipfuudzwa mazita kubva kumubereki kune vana. Kazhinji, nhoroondo yemhuri yekusagutsikana kweputsvo inoita kuti izvi zvionekwe. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva chirwere hachiratidzi kusvikira kusvika makore makumi manomwe ekupedzisira nokuti nguva yekutaurirwa inotsanangurwa nemhando ye genetic mutation. Saka zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti mubereki akabatwa angave akafa pazera risati rasvika.
Muzviitiko izvi, varwere vangaramba kuti kune imwe yenhoroondo yemhuri. Chirwere chinowanzotorwa pachidzidzo chekufungidzira, sa ultrasound, uye chinogona kunge chiri "chiitiko" chinowanikwa. Varwere vane kazhinji krisst muinyoyo iyo inowedzera nekufamba kwenguva uye inokanganisa ropa rinopa kunze kwezvisikwa zvinogona kushandiswa. Ndichataura nezve glomerulonephritis uye PKD mune mamwe mashoko mumashure angu anotevera.
US Renal Data System, USRDS 2013 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Disease Disease uye End-Stage Renal Disease muUnited States, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes uye Digestive uye Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 2013
Iyo data yakataurwa pano yakapiwa neUnited States Renal Data System (USRDS). Kududzirwa uye kuburitswa kwemashoko aya ndezvomubati (s) uye hapana nzira inofanira kuonekwa seyo mutemo wepamutemo kana kududzirwa kwehurumende yeUnited States.