Tourniquets mapepa akasimba anoshandiswa kugadzirisa kubuda ropa nekudzivira zvachose ropa richiyerera kusvika kune ronda. Tourniquets inoshanda chete pamaoko uye kukuvara kwemakumbo; iwe haugoni kuvhara bhande rakasimba pamutsipa wechirwere uye kuchiita kuti udzivise kubuda kweropa.
Nenzira, maitiritiquets akachengeterwa ropa rakanyanya kukura kuti murwere arege kutyisidzika .
The Tourniquet Controversy
Kushandiswa kwevashniquets kwakatanga kunyorerwa munhandare yehondo muna 1674. Zvinetso zvekushandiswa kwevashandi zvakataurwa kuti zvinotungamirira kukuvadza kwakanyanya kwemavara. Masoja akanga abviswa zvigunwe izvo zvaiwanzoti ndezvokushandiswa kwevashandi asi zvinogona kunge zvakangoerekana zvangovapo kubva kune utachiona. Pakupedzisira, mavashandi akashandura chirwere chakaipa mubasa rekukurumidza rubatsiro rwekutanga .
Kushandisa shanduro munyika yakasarudzwa yakashandiswa kuonekwa senzira yekupedzisira. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti vakanzwisisa kumasoja nokuti kurwa maronda kwakanyanya uye murwi anoda kurwa. A tourniquet inogona kushandiswa uye isingateereri.
Izvozvo hazvirevi kuti mafiriji haashande. Kusiyana neizvi, zviratidzo zvinogona kusunga kubuda ropa uye zvakanyatsoshanda mumamiriro ekurapa kwakanyanya asingagoni kumiswa chero imwe nzira. Ivo vanozivikanwa panhandare yehondo nokuti vanogona kushandiswa nekukurumidza uye havadi kugara vachiongororwa kana ivo vari munzvimbo, vachibvumira kunyange varwi vakakuvara kuti varambe vachiziva uye varambe vachirwa.
Vagari, mafungiro akaenda, aiva nenguva. Tinogona kuenda nenzira dzakasiyana nematanho ekudzivirira kubuda ropa. Takadzidziswa kutanga nekumanikidzana zvakananga uye kana izvozvo zvisingashande, kusimudzira. Kana kubuda ropa kuchienderera mberi, mutambo wekushanyirwa wakashandurwa. Saka zvakashata, zvirongwa zvekuratidzira zvaifungidzirwa kuti zvinotsigira kurasikirwa kwechimiro kana zvichishandiswa. Kurasikirwa kweropa iro kunowedzera kunotungamirira kukuvadza kunokonzera maitiro.
Mazuva ano, mushonga-uchapupu hunotsvaga huri kuchinja maonero akareba kwenguva yakareba pamusoro pezvivakidzani. Hemorrhage inhau yakakomba. Kana iripo, inofanira kumira. Kana zvisina kudaro, murwere angafa. Hapana nguva yekushambadzira kumativi ose.
Nguva Yokushandisa Tourniquet
Tourniquet application inofanira kuitika mumatambudziko maviri:
- Kana kubuda ropa hakugoni kumira nekudzvinyirira zvakananga uye kukwirira apo zvose zviri kushandiswa pakarepo pamwe chete.
- Kana pane chikonzero chipi zvacho chakamanikidzwa hachigone kuchengetedzwa, kunyange kana chiri kushanda.
Nhamba yekutanga ndiyo maonero ezvetsika zvekufamba nematanho ekudzora ropa, asi kukurumidza. Apo ndaingova mucheche wemwana, ndichidzidza kubvisa zvirwere uye kuchengetedza hupenyu, kubuda ropa kunodzidziswa sezvikamu zvekushandiswa. Kutanga, iwe wakaedza kukanganisa zvakananga uye, mushure mechinguva, wakasimuka kusvika kumusoro. Inguva yakareba sei yaifanira kutarisira yakanga isina kunyatsotsanangurwa. Hazvina mhosva kuti chii, inonoka zvikuru uye haina kuita pfungwa.
Sei uchimirira? Kana kukanganisa zvakananga uye kukwirira kunogona kushanda pamwechete, ita pamwe chete. Simudza ruoko pamusoro pehupamhi hwemoyo sezvaunenge uchikurira zvakasimba pajecha kuti uvhare gomba. Kana panguva iyoyo ropa richiri kuputika nebhanji kana kubva pasi peminwe yako, kutarisa hakusi pfungwa yakaipa.
Nhamba 2 chidzidzo chatadzidza kubva kurwisana. Varwi vanorwisana, uye vatambi vanovabvumira. Icho chinoshanda kune vanhuwo zvavo, zvakare. Vanofamba-famba vanoda kufamba vachienda kunobatsira. Varwere vane kukuvara kwakawanda vanoda kurapwa kunobvumira maoko kuti asunungurwe. Nguva refu kumirira kuti ambulensi inotungamirira kuneta mune maoko eununuri achiedza kubata zvakananga.
Tourniquets inogonawo kuva yakashandiswa nemurwere. Kuzvidzivirira kwekumanikidzana kwakananga kwakaoma zvikuru.
Kurwisana Nekushanda Kwekushanya (CAT)
Hondo yekushandura inonzi tourniquet (CAT) ndiyo inonyanya kutengeserana yekutengeserana inowanikwa. Inosangana nezvinodiwa zveuto reUnited States. Icho hachizopindi, iyo inoshandisa kirasi yemhepo (chibatiso kuti chisimbise tourniquet), uye inogona kunge yakashandiswa nemurwere.
Apo zvinhu izvi zvakatanga kusvika pamusika, zvinongouya chete zvakasviba, izvo zvandisingakurudziri kuti zvive zvekushanyirwa kwevanhu. Icho chinonzwisisika zvachose mumamiriro ekurwisana kuti urege kumira nemucheka wakatsvuka we orange kana wakakomberedza ruoko rwako rwekubuda ropa, asi ruvara runovhara ropa uye zvakaoma kuona muzasi. Vanachiremba vepachipatara vanogona kukanganwa tourniquet kana yakasviba.
ICAT inofanira kugadzirirwa isati yashandiswa nekudyisa chidimbu chebhanhire kuburikidza nekukanganiswa buckle. Kana iwe usingaiti, zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuita pasi pekunetseka mukati mekupisa kwemazuva, kunyanya kana iwe uine magirafu (nitrile kana ganda). Dambudziko rega roga rokugadzira tambo yekushanyira mberi ndeyokuti iwe unofanirwa kuirima pamusoro pemugumo kuti uite panzvimbo yacho.
Special Operations Force Tactical (SOFT) Tourniquet
SOFTT inenge yakangofanana neCAT, kunze kwekuti buckle. ICAT ine gakava rinopesana rinogona kuoma panguva yekushandiswa, kunyanya kana iwe uchipfeka chero maitiro edziviriro majekiti.
Buckle paSOFTT inosangana pamwe chete, iyo inokubvumira kuti uve nechokuguma kwechikwata chave chatodyiwa kuburikidza nekukanganiswa kwemavara. Muchiitiko ichi, haufaniri kuvhara denderedzwa rejasi rinosungirirwa pamusoro pomugumo wekukuvara kana gumbo. Iwe unogona kungovhara tourniquet kumativi ose echimbwa uye kuisvibisa panzvimbo.
Izvi zvinoshanda chete kana iwe uri kushandisa tourniquet kune mumwe munhu. Sezvo kuzviita-kushanda kunofamba, zvinenge zvisingakwanisi kuibata pamwe chete noruoko rumwe, saka kuzviisa paruoko rwako ndizvo zvakafanana nekushandisa CAT.
SWAT-T
I SWAT-T iyi yakasiyana-siyana yekutendera kupfuura yeCAT kana SOFTT. Zvichida zvakanyanya kune vanhu vasiri vanhu, zvinoshandisa ribhena rakakura kuti riite chinhu chimwechete sechikwata chemavhiri chinoita kune mamwe maviri. I-SWAT-T haigoni kuzviita, asi kusiyana neCAT kana SOFTT, inogona kushandiswa kune vana uye vanhu vaduku zvikuru.
Tourniquets ane kirasi yemhepo inofanira kuva nechitini chinoputika , nzvimbo yakakura yezvigadziko pasi pechigadziko chemhepo inovhara ganda kubva pakusungirirwa mukunamatira kunokanganisa. Pasina chipande chepineki, ganda uye zvinyoro zvinyoro zvinogona kushandiswa uye zvinokanganisa, zvinokonzera marwadzo, uye kune varwere vane ganda rakashata, vachikuvadza zvakare.
Sveta mahwendefa paCAT uye SOFTT inoita kuti zvive zvisingakwanisi kuti vashandise zvishoma zvakakwana zvevana uye vaduku zvikuru, kazhinji vakwegura, varwere vakuru. Zvimwe zvinowedzera kune vaduku vashoma: SWAT-T inogona kuderedzwa muzvikwereti zviviri zvekukuvadza kakawanda kana kuti varwere vakawanda.
Common Tourniquet Mistakes
Dambudziko rinowanzoitika nevatambikiti riri kuisa zvakare pachena. Kana kutarisa kusina kusimba zvokuti hakunakidzi, haisi kushanda.
Maitiro ekufambisa anovandudzwa ane zvakanyanya kukundikana, saka iwe unofanirwa kugara uchiita zvekutengeserana mubhidhiyo yako yekutanga yekubatsira kubuda ropa. Kupfuura imwe chete, chaizvoizvo, nokuti rimwe chete-kana kunyange rakashandiswa zvakanaka-ringave risina kukwana kumira kubuda ropa. Usatya kushandisa mairi maviri kana matatu emitambo, kunyanya pamakumbo uye kuwandisa varwere.
Mukuwedzera pakudzivisa kushandiswa zvisina kukodzera kwevashandi, mavaraiti haafaniri kubviswa nemumwe munhu kunze kwechiremba mune dhipatimendi rekukurumidzira. Pandakanga ndava kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo yakareba kwenguva yakareba, zvingangoita kuti zvive nekukuvadza kwezvipembenene, handina kukwanisa kuwana zviitiko zvakanyorwa zvekukuvara nekubviswa kwakadaro zvinogona kutungamirira kubuda ropa kwakanyanya.
> Sources:
> Beebe, Richard, naDeborah Funk. Zvinonyanya kukosha zveEngergency Care. 2001. Delmar.
> Mabry, Robert L. "Kutamba kunoshandiswa pahondo." Military Medicine. May 2006.
> Walters, Thomas J, naBabry, Robert L. "Nyaya dzine chokuita neKushandiswa kweTurniquets kuHondo yeHondo." Military Medicine. Sep 2005.