Apo Vanotsvakurudza Vanotaura Nezve "Chinangwa Chokutora"
Apo inoshandiswa mukutsvakurudza kwezvokurapa, mutsara unoda kuratidzira unoreva rudzi rwekudzidza zvakagadzirwa. Mune rudzi urwu rwekudzidza, masayendisiti anotsvaga migumisiro yekudzidza kwavo kubva pane izvo varwere vakaudzwa kuti vaite. Mune mamwe mazwi, vanachiremba vanotarisa mitsara yemagariro zvichienderana nekuti vaifanira kutarisirwa sei, kwete pane zvakaitika chaizvoizvo.
Somuenzaniso, kana munhu ari muchidzidzo akashandurwa kurapwa asi anoguma nokuvhiyiwa-kana kusina kurapwa zvachose-zvigumisiro zvavo zvichiri kuonekwa sechikamu cheboka rerapa. Munyika yakanaka, chokwadi, chinangwa chokurapa uye kunyatsorapwa kwaizove kwakafanana. Munyika chaiyo, inowanzosiyana-siyana, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ari kuidzidzwa.
Chinoita Kuti Izvi Zvigadziriswe Zvishandiswa
Chinangwa chokubata mitero chinoshandiswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda. Chikuru chikuru ndechekuti, kubva pane maonero chaiwo, vanongova nekunzwisisa. Masayendisiti anoda kuziva kuti madhiragi kana mishonga inoshanda sei munyika chaiye. Munyika chaiye, havasi vose vanoita zvinodhaka sezvinorayirwa . Haasi munhu wose anopedzisa kuwana chirwere chavanorayirwa. Nokushandisa chinangwa chokurapa muenzaniso, masayendisiti anokwanisa kuongorora nzira iyo mushonga unoshanda mune zvinyorwa zvishoma. Chinangwa chokurapa chinonyatsobvuma chokwadi chokuti kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka mubazi kunogona kunge kusina kunyanya kuita nemaitiro avanoita musango.
Kutaura zvazviri, chimwe chezvikonzero zvinokuvadza zvinodhaka zvinowanzoodza mwoyo pavanosunungurwa ndezvokuti vanhu havavatori sezvavanoita mune zvidzidzo. (Panewo dzimwe nguva dzimwe nguva kusiyana pakati pevanhu vechokwadi-nevarwere vanoongorora.)
Drawbacks
Havasi vanhu vose vane chinangwa chokurapa miedzo.
Chimwe chikonzero ndechokuti vanogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga inogona kubudirira. Semuenzaniso, miedzo yepakutanga ye-pre-exposure prophylaxis yeHIV mune varume vanoita zvepabonde yakaratidza kuti kurapwa kwakaratidzika kusingabatsiri ... asi chete kune vanhu vakaitora nguva dzose. Zvose zvinoratidzirwa nechinangwa chekutarisa mhando dzakanyanya kukurudzira. Vamwe vanhu vanoti chirwere hachishandi kana varwere vasingatori. Vamwe vanoti haugoni kutonga mishonga kana varwere vasiri kuitora sezvinorayirwa. Nhengo dzose mbiri dzine pfungwa. Hapana mhinduro yakakwana. Iko kutsvakurudza kunoita kuti pfungwa yakanyanya kushandiswa yakanyatsoenderana nemubvunzo.
Dzimwe nguva masayendisiti anotanga kugadzira chidzidzo chechinangwa chekuita kurapwa achaguma achiongorora kurapa iyo iyo uye puro-protocol. (Kuongororwa kwepro-protocol, vanofananidza vanhu avo vakagamuchira kurapwa sezvakataurwa kune avo vasina, pasinei nekushambadzira.) Izvi zvinowanzoitwa apo chinangwa chekutarisa tsananguro chisati chave chiitiko kana kuti hapana chakakosha, asi zvimwe inoonekwa nokuda kwevanhu vakanyatsotora kurapwa. Zvisinei, rudzi urwu rwekusarudza, hutsva-huc tsvakurudzo runofanirwa nevanodzidza. Inogona kupa migumisiro inotsausa nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda.
Chimwe chikonzero ichocho ndechokuti avo vanowana kurapwa vangave vakasiyana kune avo vasina.
Apo chinangwa chokubata chidzidzo hachina kuvimbisa kupfuura kare, zvakanyatsocherechedza zvidzidzo, masayendisiti anowanzobvunza kuti nei. Izvi zvingave kuedza kusunungura izvo zvakanga zvamboonekwa sechirongwa chinokurudzira. Kana zvichizoitika, somuenzaniso, kuti vanhu vakanga vasingatori mishonga nokuti inonakidza zvakaipa, dambudziko racho rinogona kugadziriswa nyore nyore. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva zvinowedzera mumiedzo maduku chete haikwanisi kuverengerwa mune chidzidzo chikuru, uye vanachiremba havatombotomboziva zvachose chikonzero.
Ichokwadi ndechokuti, kusiyana kwakaratidzwa pakati pekutanga kwekuedza miedzo uye chinangwa chekutarisa zvidzidzo, ndicho chikonzero ichocho chinangwa chokubata mhando dzakakosha.
Rudzi urwu rwekutsvaga rwunoda kuvhara dambudziko rekunzwisisa pakati pemishonga inoshandiswa mune zvidzidzo zvekutsvakurudza uye kuti dzinoshanda sei munyika chaiyo. Iko goro rinogona kuva guru.
> Sources:
> Keene ON. Kuda-ku-kurapa tsananguro muhupo hwekuregwa-kurapa kana kudarika deta. Pharm Stat. 2011 May-Jun; 10 (3): 191-5. doi: 10.1002 / pst.421.
> Matsuyama Y. Kuenzanisa kwemigumisiro yechinangwa chekutarisira, puro-protocol, uye g-kuongororwa muhupo hwekusava nemararamiro ekushandura kunoshandiswa mune imwe nguva-kune-chiitiko chisingaregi kutongwa. Stat Med. 2010 Sep 10; 29 (20): 2107-16. doi: 10.1002 / sim.3987
> Mensch BS, Brown ER, Liu K, Marrazzo J, Chirenje ZM, Gomez K, Piper J, Patterson K, van der Straten A. Kutaura kweKutsungirira muTei VOICE: Kuzarurwa kweMutambo Usingaiti Kuwedzera paKushanyirwa Kushanyirwa? AIDS Behav. 2016 Nov; 20 (11): 2654-2661.
> Sangano DF, Gillespie BM. Chinangwa-ku-kubata mune mamiedzo asingatongorongwi akaongororwa: mazano ekugadzirisa dambudziko rose. Res Nurs Health. 2010 Aug; 33 (4): 355-68. doi: 10.1002 / nur.20386.