Kurekodhwa kwakavanzika kuri kuwedzera kuwanzana uye nguva dzakawanda zviri pamutemo
Maererano nePew Research Center, muna 2016, kuvhara 77 muzana yeAmerica vane smartphone. Nhamba iyi inopfuura kaviri zvaive iyo apo Pew Research Center yakatanga kutanga kutevera smartphone pamba muna 2011. Kare kare, 35 muzana yeAmerica vane mafoni. Uyezve, muna 2016, pakanga paine kuwedzera kwakasimba muhutano pakati pevanhu vakwegura uye vanhu vane mari shoma.
Mafoni efoni ari kwose kwose, uye kupararira kwavo kuri kukura.
Mukuwedzera pakufonera foni, mafoni efoni anogona kuita zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Vanokwanisa kutora mapikicha, kupfura vhidhiyo, kutamba mimhanzi, nekusvika paInternet. Inogonawo kushandiswa kunyora kugadzwa kwechiremba pasina ruzivo rwechiremba.
Pachivande kurekorodzano yekliniki inogona kunzwika sneaky, asi mune 39 ye50 inotaura, inotenderwa. Uyezve, kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti kukorodzwa kwakagadziriswa kwekliniki kunogona kupa simba uye kudzidzisa kune varwere. Zvisinei, vanachiremba vazhinji vanonzwisisika vachiona nezvekunyora kwemazano avo anotenderera kune imwe nzvimbo kunze uko.
Inowirirana Sei?
Hakusi zvakawanda zvemashoko pamusoro pekuti zvakavanzika zvakavanzika zvinyorwa ndezvipi; nyaya yacho ichangobva kuwedzera kune imwe mukurumbira.
Mune imwe sangano duku reku UK, Elwyn uye vanyori vanyori vakawana kuti 15 muzana yevakabvunzwa vakaratidza kuti vakanyora musangano wechiremba vasina kubvumirwa, uye 35 muzana yevatori vechikamu vakati vafunga kuti vaizozviita.
Uyezve, mumuongorori iwoyo, 11 muzana yevakiriniki vakapindura kuti vainyatsoziva kuti vakanga vakanyorwa muchivande nemurwere munguva yakapfuura. Maererano nevanyori vekudzidza, "69 muzana yevakabvunzwa vakaratidza chido chavo chekunyoresa zviitiko zvechipatara, kupatsanurana zvakafanana pakati pekuda kuzviita zvakakwana kana nemvumo."
Nzira Yomutemo Ndeipi?
Hurumende imwe neimwe ine mitero yayo yekutengesa uye yekupa mitemo. Mitemo iyi inoparadzaniswa kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe nyika kubva kune imwe kana maviri mapato anofanirwa kubvumidza kunyora hurukuro, saka inonzi semasimba-oga masangano kana masangano ose ehurumende, maererano. Pamwe chete, 39 kubva ku 50 inotaura pamwe chete neDunhu reColumbia kune masimba ega-rimwechete-apo pane imwe chete iyo inoda kubvuma. Mune mamwe mazwi, mumatunhu aya, kana mumwe munhu achida kunyora mumwe munhu-kusanganisira kliniki yekusangana-inotenderwa.
Kune 11 yose-sangano-mvumo mazano mune zvose zvese chiremba uye murwere vanofanira kubvumirana kunyora hurukuro: California, California, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, New Hampshire, Oregon, Pennsylvania, neWashington. Mune izvi, zvinotyisa kune murwere kunyoresa chiremba pasina mvumo.
Muhurumende imwe chete-yehurumende-kana yakawanda yeUnited States-kana murwere achikumbira kuti anyore kliniki inosangana uye chiremba anoramba, murwere anogona kuenderera mberi kunyoresa kusangana kwayo chero zvakadaro. Chiremba anofanira kusarudza kupfuurira kana kugumisa kusangana.
Munharaunda yose-yezvematongerwo enyika, chiremba anofanira kubvunzwa nemurwere kuti anyore keriniki musangano.
Chero chero zvinyorwa zvisiri pamutemo zvinogona kuudzwa nechiremba kuvane masimba. Migumisiro inokwanisika inosanganisira kubhadharwa kwekukuvadza, mari yegweta, nezvimwe zvinodhura, nekuparadzira kudhindwa kuburikidza neInternet zvichionekwa sekutyora kwakapfurikidza.
Zvakadini neHIPAA?
Sezvakanyorwa chero zvese zvezvechiremba, HIPAA Privacy Rule inosanganisa chero muteereri kana mavhidhiyo zvakanyorwa nehutano hwehutano, hurongwa hwehutano, kana hutano hwekuchengetedza hutano. Zvisinei, HIPAA haina kuwedzera kune zvinyorwa zvakagadzirwa nemurwere. Mune mamwe mazwi, muhurumende imwe chete-yehurumende, murwere anogona kugovera zvinyorwa sezvazvinofadza.
Chii Chinobatsira Kubvuma?
Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti varwere vanoisa kukoshesa zvakanyanya pane zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa mumakiriniki. Somuenzaniso, mukuongorora kwe2014, Tsulukidze nevamwe vashandi vakawana kuti, pamwero, 72 muzana yevarwere vakateerera kutaurirana kwakanyorwa. Uyezve, makumi matanhatu kubva muzana evarwere vakagovana zvinyorwa izvi nevanoda nevamwe. Nokuda kwechikamu chikuru, zvinyorwa izvi zvakaratidzwa kuvandudza murwere nekuyeuka kwemamiriro avo.
Zvimwe tsvakurudzo dzakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti varwere uye nhengo dzemhuri yavo vanowanzoomerwa kunzwisisa zvinotaurwa panguva yekugadzwa kwechiremba nokuti vakakundwa nekutambudzika uye pfungwa dzakaoma. Zvinyorwa zvinogona kutambidzwa zvakare gare gare apo murwere nemhuri dziri nani vakagadzirira kunzwisisa shoko, kutungamira, uye mazano. Oncologists akaziva nezvechiitiko ichi kwechinguva, ndicho chikonzero kuregererwa kwemasangano kunowanzopiwa kuvarwere vari kurapwa nekenza.
Mune tsvakurudzo yakataurwa kare yeUnited States, Elwyn uye vanyori-vanyori vakawana kuti icho chinonyanya kukosha kunyora kusangana kwechiremba ndechekusimudzira ruzivo rwehutano uye kugovana ruzivo nevamwe. Zvisinei, vamwe varwere vanotaura vachida kushandisa zvinyorwa zvakadai semuenzaniso wekutarisira varombo.
Vanachiremba Vanonzwa Sei?
Kunyanya kubasa, vashomanana vanhu vanoda kufarirwa pasina mvumo yavo; vanachiremba havana kusiyana.
Mune Pfungwa kubva kuna JAMA , Rodriguez naMorrow nyora zvinotevera:
Hasi zvese zvinoshandiswa zvekukurukurirana kwakanyorwa zvakabatsira varwere uye vanachiremba. Mwoyo murefu kana vemumhuri vasingabvumirani nemazano evanochiremba avo kana avo vanogumburwa navanachiremba vavo chero zvikonzero zvipi zvingave nyore kutora zvinyorwa kubva kune zvinyorwa izvi kubva mumamiriro ekutaura uye, nechinguva chiduku, kugoverana navo kuburikidza nehupfumi. Varwere vanogona kutora hurukuro yekukurukurirana nechinangwa chakanaka chekusimbisa zvikonzero zvekutonga kana kuunganidza zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kurapa chiremba.
Uyezve, kana chiremba achishuva kana kuti gare gare achiona kuti kusangana kwave kwakanyorwa pasina kubvumirwa, ukama hwechiremba-murwere hunogona kutambura. Chokutanga, vanachiremba ava vanogona kutenda kuti vakaramba kodzero yekubvuma kunyora. Chechipiri, vanachiremba vanogona kunzwa vachinetseka kuongororwa uye kusavimba nemurwere.
Shoko Rinobva
Pakupedzisira, vatsigiri vehutano, vatori vezvematongerwo enyika, uye masangano ekukurudzira vane chirwere vanofanira kusangana pamwe chete kuti vashandise mitemo nemirairo yekutonga pamusoro pekurembera kwevarwere.
Panguva ino, zvisinei, inogona kunge iri pfungwa yakanaka kune vanachiremba mune imwe nhengo dzezvematongerwe enyika kuti vawane mikana yokuti vari kuvanzwa muchivande panguva yese yekutarisana kwekliniki. Chiremba anokwanisa kuenderera mberi asingabvumi kushushikana chero kupi zvako pamusoro pekunyorwa kunobatsira kutarisa kwehutano, kurapa kwechiremba, kana maonero kune murwere.
Zvimwe, chiremba anogona kubvunza kana kusangana kuri kunyorwa, kuratidza kutendeseka, uye kudzidzisa murwere pamusoro pekushandiswa nekushandisa zvakanakisisa zvekurekodhwa uku.
Pakupedzisira, kunyange kana pasina mvumo yepamutemo, zvingangove zviripo murwere kuzivisa chiremba kuti vanoronga kunyora kusangana. Kuita izvi kunogona kutadzisa chero manzwiro akaoma, kutya, kana kutsamwirwa pane chikamu chechiremba.
> Sources:
> Elwyn, G, Barr, PJ, Castaldo, M. Vatano Vanogona Kuita Zvinyorwa Zvokurapa Kwemishonga? JAMA. July 10, 2017.
> Elwyn G, Barr PJ, Grande SW. Varwere vanonyoresa makiriniki anosangana: nzira yekupa simba? Kuongororwa nenzira yakakanganiswa. BMJ Open. 2015; 5: e008566.
> Rodriguez, M, Morrow, J. Maitiro Ezvakanaka Zvevarwere Nemhuri muchivande Kudzokurirana Kukurukurirana naMagicians. JAMA. 2015; 313 (16): 1615-1616.
> Smith, A. Nhoroondo dzevana veAmerica iye zvino vane mafoni emafoni, vane imba yakawanda. Pew Research Center. www.pewresearch.org.
> Tsulukidze, M, uye al. Kupa rekodhi yemakiriniki ekubvunzurudza kune varwere - Kupindira kunokosha zvikuru asi kushandiswa kwepamusoro: Kuongorora kwekuongorora. Dzidzo yevarwere uye mazano. 2014; 95: 297-304.