Miedzo uye Matambudziko eEEM uye EHRs
Zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvepareji zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zviripo zvisingatauriki kupa nzira dzezvinyorwa zvemagetsi zvemakemikari (EMRs). Kunyange zvazvo marekodhi emakiriniki emakambani akave aripo kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu, kubhadharwa kwemari kwemakore gumi apfuura kwakaguma nekugadziriswa kwemashoko uye kugoneka kwaive kusati kwawanikwa. Iko kukurumidza kwekuvandudza uye kufambira mberi kweEMRs kuri kuwedzera, zvisinei, kune zvimwe zvipingamupinyi zvakasiyana zvekukunda.
Kubudirira kwehutano hutsva hwehutachiona hwakagamuchira kutsoropodzwa kubva kune vatapi venhau vehutano uye vatauriri pamusana pekuita sekushayikwa kwekuzvidavirira nekugonesa.
EHR vs. EMR
Izvo zviito zviviri-EHR uye EMR-zvinowanzoshandiswa zvakasiyana. Asi sezvo hofisi ye National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) inotaura, pane musiyano pakati pezvinyorwa zvehutano zvemagetsi (EHRs) uye EMRs. EMRs predate EHRs uye yakaitirwa kuti chiremba ashandise chete. EHRs inoedza kuenderera mberi uye inopindirana nehuwandu hwemashoko kupfuura EMRs.
Kushandisa zvinogutsa-mararamiro anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti mari yehutano inoshandiswa paEHRs inoguma nemigumisiro inobereka-inonyanya kukosha kuti EHRs isabatanidzwa. Iyi mirairo inoda kuzarura dambudziko rehutano nekubatanidza maitiro akasiyana ekuumba "vazhinji kusvika kune vakawanda" muenzaniso (kusiyana ne "pfungwa kusvika kune imwe" muenzaniso) waireva kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemashoko ehutano hwako.
Zvisinei, Fred Trotter, mutori wenhau wezvehutano hwehutano hwakagadzirirwa uye munyori, anotaura kuti EHRs haisati ichitsinhanisa data nekukurukurirana, naizvozvo hutano hweAmerica hunoti hurumende inogona kunge iri munguva ye EMRs.
Chii chinodzivisa utano hwehutano kusabatana?
Dr. Karen DeSalvo, aimbova National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, akanyora pamusoro pekunyunyuta kwe "ruzivo rwehutano hunovhara." Mitiro uyu unomisa kushandurudza uye kushandiswa kwehuwandu hwehutano hwemagetsi uye chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvekusagadzikana.
Kunyange zvazvo vatsigiri vezvehutano vakawanda vedijiti vanotsigira chinangwa chekuparidzira kugoverana izvo zvingangodaro kuvandudza kurapwa uye kuchengetedza mari, DeSalvo anoti, "vamwe vanobatanidzwa muhutano hwehutano uye hutano IT makambani ane zvikurusa zvakasimba zvekutonga pamusoro pehutano hwehutano hwemagetsi."
MunaMuvhuro 2015, iACC yakapa mushumo kune Congress pamusoro pekudzivirira ruzivo, uye vanyori vakaronga zviito zvinogona kudzivisa tsika, uye zvakaratidza kuti panofanira kuve pachena pane hutano IT misika.
Ongororo yenyika yakaitwa naJulia Adler-Milstein naEric Pfeifer veYunivhesiti yeMichigan School Schools and Information and Public Health vakaratidza kuti kudzivirira kudzivirira kunoramba kwakapararira kusvika nhasi. Vaparidzi vakazivisa kuti vatengesi, zvipatara uye utano hwehutano nguva dzose vanobatanidzwa mukudzivirira kudzivirira. Kusagadzikana kusina kukwaniswa kwezvigadzirwa zvaive imwe yenzira dzakajairika dzekuita izvi pakati pevatengesi. Zvipatara uye utano hwehutano, kune rumwe rutivi, rwaiwanzowanika kupa hutano hwakanaka kune imwe rudzi rweEHR uye vamanikidzi vakagadziriswa kuti vaite. Vaparidzi vakaonawo zvipatara zvinodzora kubuda kwevarwere nekusaudza vamwe ruzivo rwavo pachena.
Purportedly, zvinokurudzirwa pamitambo yakadaro yaiva chido chekuwedzera mari. Adler-Milstein naPfeifer vanodavira kuti ruzivo rwekudzivirira runofanira kunge rwuri pamutemo, urwo rwunosanganisira kuisa mutemo mutsva munzvimbo yekushandura dhaka nekugovana.
Chimwe chinyorwa chakataurwa kuti kubudirira kweEEMs 'kusabatanidzwa isanganiswa zvakakomba zvezvigadzirwa zvekombiki uye kushamwaridzana kwematongerwo enyika. Dzorera zvipatara kuti zviite basa rakatsaurirwa rokutarisa nyaya idzi dzinokosha.
Zvose mune zvose, kusabatana kunoramba kuri dambudziko. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzehutano dzinofunga kuti zvipingamupinyi zvekushandiswa kwayo hazvina kubviswa asi pasinei nezvose zvekutanga kushingaira uye zvigadziro zvakaiswa muurongwa.
Kusarudzwa kweEMRs
Kuchinja kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano humwe pfungwa inokosha inobatanidza nekugadzirisa maitiro pakati peshoko rinoshandiswa kugadzira zvinyorwa zvehutano uye kukwanisa kutakura nyore data iyi pane dzimwe nzira dzakasiyana. Tsvakurudzo dzakawanda dzakaratidza kuti nhamba inoshandiswa uye inonyoreswa nyore nyore inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwehutano uye kusimbisa kutarisira kwehutano. Zvisinei, kuenzanisa kweEMRs inetso isina kumbogadziriswa asi ichiri kudiwa kugadziriswa kuchengetedza urongwa hwehutano hwehutano.
Kushandiswa kwakachengeteka uye kwakachengeteka kwehutano hwehutano hwehutano huri chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvekufambisa kwehutano hwe digital Vatsvakurudzi vanobva kuIndia avo vakanga vachiongorora kushandiswa kweEHR munyika dzichiri kusimukira vakaratidza kuti gore kuchengetedza, kuchengetedzwa kwephasiwedi, uye kubatanidza zvose zvinoita kuti vatapi vehutano vanogona kutora kuti vaite kuti EHRs inotakura ive yakachengeteka zvikuru. Zvimwe zvekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengeteka uye kukanganisika kwetsika zvakanyorwa uye izvi dzimwe nguva dzakaputira kubatsira kweEHRs.
Kuvhara hutano IT zvikamu
Kuvandudza hutano hwehupenyu hugoverana, musi waJuly 28, 2015, iACC yakazivisa kudarika $ 38 mamiriyoni muzvipo zvekupa zvipo kune masangano makumi maviri kubva kumatunhu 19 munyika yose. Chinhu chimwechete izvo zvikwereti zvaitarisirwa kushanda pazviri zvaiwedzera kuwirirana kwehupenyu hwehutano. Chirongwa chehutano hwehutano hwevadzidzi hwakagara hufanotarisirwa kubatsira masangano ekuvandudza data aggregation, kushandiswa kwemashoko uye kuongorora deta, vose vane chinangwa chekuzadzisa zvibereko zviri nani uye kushandiswa kweutano hwakanaka.
Mamwe mapurogiramu akaiswawo panzvimbo yekuita varwere nekuvandudza kushandiswa kwekuchengeta, zvakadai seMedareri uye Medicaid EHR Incentive Programs. Izvi zvinokurudzira kushandiswa kwakachengeteka kwehutano hwehutano. Vanokurudzirawo kukwanisa kwehutano kune zvinyorwa uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kuti zvibvumirane kukurukurirana nevatano vehutano. Icho chinangwa chepurogiramu ndechekuderedza kusagadzikana kwehutano uye kupa rubatsiro rwemhando-ruzivo rwepamusoro nekubatsirwa kwekombiyuta. Kuongororwa kwechangobva kuitwa kweEHR Incentive Programme neDhipatimendi reZimbabwe Informatics uye Information Management yeChikoro cheSt. Scholastica yakaratidza kuti kubudirira kukuru kwakaitwa. Zvisinei, kuitira kuti vave vateereri vakawanda-uye vanovandudza zvido zvekutarisira kune vose, kushandiswa kwevashandi kunoda kuwedzera kumwe kutarisirwa.
> Sources
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> Terry K. Achiri kumirira: nei EHR kupindirana inoramba iri chinangwa chisingadikanwi. Economics Medical . 2017; (11): 14-19.
> Kutora F. Chii Chingave Chine Chinangwa Chokubatsira Kudzidza Kubva kuHealthcare.gov ?. The Health Care Blog , March 2, 2015. http://thehealthcareblog.com/blog/2015/03/02/what-can-meaningful-use-learn-from-healthcare-gov
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